Systematic Analysis of ApiAP2 Transcription Factor Gene Family in the Rodent Malaria Parasite Plasmodium yoelii

疟疾是疟原虫（Plasmodiumspp.）感染导致的蚊媒传染性疾病，疟原虫生活周期复杂，经历了多宿主和多细胞形态的转化，每一步都需要精确地基因时空表达调控，转录因子介导的DNA转录水平的调控起到重要作用。 ApiAP2基因家族是疟原虫基因组中预测的为数极少的转录因子基因家族，在人疟原虫和啮齿类动物疟原虫中高度保守。在顶复体亚门生物（包括疟原虫）和植物中，ApiAP2基因编码蛋白均含有一个或者多个60个氨基酸大小的AP2DNA结合结构域，起到激活或抑制转录的作用。 之前的转录谱和蛋白质组学分析发现，ApiAP2基因家族的多个成员在疟原虫生活周期中的不同阶段表达。因此，作为转录因子，ApiA...Malaria is a mosquito-transmitted disease caused by Plasmodium parasites infection. The Plasmodium parasite resides in the alternative vertebrate and mosquito host, developing within several different kind of host cells or tissues during the life cycle. To complete this complex life cycle, precise regulation of gene expression is guaranteed, in which the transcription factor mediated gene transcri...学位：理学硕士院系专业：生命科学学院_细胞生物学学号：2162013115256

Vibration Damping of Carbon Nanotube Assembly Materials

Vibration reduction is of great importance in various engineering applications, and a material that exhibits good vibration damping along with high strength and modulus has become more and more vital. Owing to the superior mechanical property of carbon nanotube (CNT), new types of vibration damping material can be developed. This paper presents recent advancements, including our progresses, in the development of high-damping macroscopic CNT assembly materials, such as forests, gels, films, and fibers. In these assemblies, structural deformation of CNTs, zipping and unzipping at CNT connection nodes, strengthening and welding of the nodes, and sliding between CNTs or CNT bundles are playing important roles in determining the viscoelasticity, and elasticity as well. Towards the damping enhancement, strategies for micro-structure and interface design are also discussed

温带荒漠中温度和土壤水分对土壤呼吸的影响

荒漠对气候变化具有高度敏感性,深刻认识和量化非生物因子对荒漠生态系统土壤呼吸的影响具有重要意义。采用自动CO2通量系统(Li-8100)监测了梭梭(Haloxylon ammodendron)、假木贼(Anabasis aphylla)和盐穗木(Halostachys caspica)群落生长季土壤呼吸及温度、土壤含水量等,深入分析了水热因子对土壤呼吸的影响。土壤呼吸具有不对称的日格局,最小值出现在8:00,最大值在12:00～14:00。土壤呼吸的季节格局与气温变化基本同步,最小值在生长季末期(10月),最大值在生长季中期(6～7月)。梭梭、假木贼和盐穗木群落生长季平均土壤呼吸速率分别为0.76、0.52和0.46μmol CO2·m-2·s-1。气温对假木贼(51%)和盐穗木群落(65%)土壤呼吸季节变化的解释率高于梭梭(35%)。梭梭、假木贼和盐穗木群落土壤呼吸温度敏感性(Q10)逐渐增大,基础呼吸速率(R10)逐渐减小。剔除温度影响后,梭梭、假木贼群落土壤呼吸与土壤含水量呈显著的幂二次方函数关系,盐穗木群落两者关系却明显减弱,未达到显著水平。气温、土壤含水量的二元方程均能解释群落土壤呼吸大部分的时间变异:梭梭群落71%～93%、假木贼群落79%～82%、盐穗木群落70%～80%。人工模拟降水后土壤呼吸速率表现出降水后10min减小、180min时明显增加、达到最大值后再次衰减的现象。5和2.5mm降水处理下的土壤呼吸速率最大值和其后的递减值高于对照处理,土壤呼吸增加、达到峰值和其后递减过程与5cm土壤温度变化基本同步

Development, optimization and preliminary application of in vitro models supporting HBV infection

乙型肝炎病毒（HepatitisBvirus，HBV）感染是危害人类健康的重要公共卫生问题，尽管现有的预防性疫苗已显著减少了新发HBV感染，全球仍有约2.4亿的慢性HBV感染者需要得到有效的治疗。鉴于现有慢乙肝治疗药物只能控制病情发展而难以实现临床治愈，发展更加有效的Anti-HBV新药是当前HBV的研究重点方向。建立和发展能实现HBV完整生命周期的细胞和动物模型对Anti-HBV治疗新技术的发展至关重要。其中，支持HBV感染和复制的细胞模型是研究HBV与宿主相互作用、筛选和评估HBV感染治疗药物、评估抗体中和活性的重要工具。除原代肝细胞外，分化的HepaRG细胞与外源表达HBV功能性受体人钠...Chronic HBV (Hepatitis B virus, HBV) infection is a major public health concern affecting over 240 million people worldwide. Although suppression of HBV replication is achieved in the majority of patients with currently available antivirals, discontinuation of therapy prior to hepatitis B surface antigen loss or seroconversion is associated with relapse of HBV in the majority of cases. Thus, new t...学位：理学博士院系专业：生命科学学院_生物化学与分子生物学学号：2162013015414

Wide-Range Tunable Dynamic Property of Carbon Nanotube-Based Fibers

Carbon nanotube (CNT) fiber is formed by assembling millions of individual tubes. The assembly feature provides the fiber with rich interface structures and thus various ways of energy dissipation, as reflected by the non-zero loss tangent (>0.028--0.045) at low vibration frequencies. A fiber containing entangled CNTs possesses higher loss tangents than a fiber spun from aligned CNTs. Liquid densification and polymer infiltration, the two common ways to increase the interfacial friction and thus the fiber's tensile strength and modulus, are found to efficiently reduce the damping coefficient. This is because the sliding tendency between CNT bundles can also be well suppressed by the high packing density and the formation of covalent polymer cross-links within the fiber. The CNT/bismaleimide composite fiber exhibited the smallest loss tangent, nearly as the same as that of carbon fibers. At a higher level of the assembly structure, namely a multi-ply CNT yarn, the inter-fiber friction and sliding tendency obviously influence the yarn's damping performance, and the loss tangent can be tuned within a wide range, as similar to carbon fibers, nylon yarns, or cotton yarns. The wide-range tunable dynamic properties allow new applications ranging from high quality factor materials to dissipative systems

Bio-Inspired Aggregation Control of Carbon Nanotubes for Ultra-Strong Composites

High performance nanocomposites require well dispersion and high alignment of the nanometer-sized components, at a high mass or volume fraction as well. However, the road towards such composite structure is severely hindered due to the easy aggregation of these nanometer-sized components. Here we demonstrate a big step to approach the ideal composite structure for carbon nanotube (CNT) where all the CNTs were highly packed, aligned, and unaggregated, with the impregnated polymers acting as interfacial adhesions and mortars to build up the composite structure. The strategy was based on a bio-inspired aggregation control to limit the CNT aggregation to be sub 20--50 nm, a dimension determined by the CNT growth. After being stretched with full structural relaxation in a multi-step way, the CNT/polymer (bismaleimide) composite yielded super-high tensile strengths up to 6.27--6.94 GPa, more than 100% higher than those of carbon fiber/epoxy composites, and toughnesses up to 117--192 MPa. We anticipate that the present study can be generalized for developing multifunctional and smart nanocomposites where all the surfaces of nanometer-sized components can take part in shear transfer of mechanical, thermal, and electrical signals