27 research outputs found

    Some Microbial Grow to Influence the Nitrogen Content in the Aging Process of Tobacco

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    烟草在加工成卷烟之前的复烤后的储藏、发酵和陈化过程统称醇化过程。分析醇化过程中生物碱及氮含量的变化,为有效防控微生物生长提供依据。实验方法 1.总生物碱的测定:YC/T 160-2002中国烟草及烟草制品总生物碱的测定连续流动法2.氮含量的测定:YC/T161-2002中国烟草及烟草制品总氮的测定连续流动法实验结果取8个正常烟叶样品作对照,霉变烟叶与正常烟叶比较值:实验显示微生物生长导致烟叶中生物碱含量降低,而总氮含量上升,生物碱降低的百分比基本上与总氮上升的百分比近似。证明烟叶中的部分微生物是以通过降解生物碱,吸收生物碱中的碳、氢、氧,释放氮元素为代谢途径的

    大庆喇嘛甸油田微地质界面特征及对剩余油分布的影响

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    喇嘛甸油田断层控制储量计算

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    喇嘛甸油田特高含水期水驱流场分布特征研究

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    喇嘛甸油田“二三结合”试验开发评价

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    Characteristics of Temperature and Humidity in Forest

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     利用2008年黑河流域典型森林生态系统土壤和空气温湿度观测资料,分析了不同层次土壤和大气温度和湿度的变化特征。结果表明:(1)各层土壤温度在2—3月达到一年中的最小值,在7—9月达到一年中最高值,土壤温度周年变化幅度以及年最低温度随土壤深度的增加而递减。(2)表层土壤含水量受春季融雪和降雨影响较大,在8月中、上旬达到最高值;20—40cm土壤含水量对春季融雪响应较弱,80—120cm土壤含水量较为稳定,不受冻融交替影响。(3)从当年7月中旬至次年1月下旬,林地各层气温呈下降趋势,2月上旬至7月上旬呈上升趋势;距离地表近2m高度全年各月份气温略高于10m和24m高度,气温最高值和最低值分别出现在14:30和6:30左右。(4)4—6月林内湿度相对较低,7—10月相对较高,空气相对湿度最高值和最低值分别出现在22:00和11:30左右;10m和24m处空气相对湿度变化规律与2m处基本一致Abstract:Temperature and humidity characteristics of soil and air at different levels are analyzed based on theobserved data of typical forest ecosystem of Heihe River basin in 2008.Results show that:(1)Soil temperature at different depths is the lowest between February and March each year and the highest between July andSeptember.Annual temperature difference and minimum soil temperature decreased with the increase in soildepth.(2)The moisture of top soil is greatly affected by snowmelt in spring and rainfall,reaching its maximum value in the middle or last ten days of August.There is less impact of snowmelt in spring on the soilmoisture between 20and 40cm from soil surface.The soil moisture content between 80and 120cm is quitestable and is not influenced by snowmelt in spring.(3)Air temperature at different heights in forest presentsa declining trend from the middle of July to the last ten days of January next year and then increases continuously from the early of February to the early of July.Air temperature at 2mheight is a bit warmer than thatat 10and 24mheights.The highest and lowest daily temperature peaks are observed at about 14:30and 6:30,respectively.(4)Air humidity in forest is lower between April and June and higher between June andOctober.The maximum and minimum relative humidity values are observed at about 22:00and 11:30,respectively.The humidity variation at 10or 24mheight is similar to that at 2mheight

    Impact of protective measures on soil wind erosion on cropland

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    为寻求合理的保护性耕作措施,试验设计了砾石覆盖、秸秆覆盖、覆盖与留茬组合的措施和4个风速等变量,研究风速、覆盖物和覆盖度与风蚀量、抗风蚀效率、风沙流结构的关系,比较多种措施之间的抗风蚀效果优劣。结果表明:1)4个设定风速下30%~90%覆盖度的秸秆覆盖的抗风蚀效率在54%~92%之间,砾石覆盖为26%~72%,30%的砾石覆盖或30%的秸秆覆盖与3种留茬高度的组合措施下,平均抗风蚀效率均在70%~78%之间;2)随着覆盖度的增加,砾石覆盖措施最小可抑制的有效风速值从8.0 m/s逐渐增大到12.5 m/s,秸秆覆盖措施从10.1m/s增加到了14.3 m/s;3)覆盖处理下0~62 cm高度内的输沙量大部分集中在0~26 cm;4)覆盖与留茬组合措施的输沙量多集中在60 cm以内</span

    基于微纳制造的第三代基因测序系统的基础理论研究年度报告

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    本研究属于微纳制造与生命科学的交叉领域,面向第三代基因测序系统的研制,系统地开展微纳制造、微纳流体动力学和超灵敏单分子检测的基础理论、关键问题的研究,研制出具有自主知识产权的第三代基因测序仪的原型系统,推动我国科研重大装备的国产化进程。本研究2013年度在以下三方面取得重要进展: (1)协同利用多种微纳制造和跨尺度制造手段(双束系统、高分辨电镜、原子层沉积和毛细管拉伸系统等),针对多种不同材料(氧化铝、氮化硼和有机生物孔)采用多种手段(压力驱动、复合结构和纳米电极设计)开展纳米孔器件制造和DNA 高灵敏检测研究,在硅基和碳基纳米孔的轴向和径向尺寸可控制造方面取得重要突破。 (2)深入探讨DNA 过纳米孔的关键问题离子电流的形成与调控机理以及DNA 分子与壁面的特异性作用,进一步发展了粗粒化分子动力学模拟模型,开展跨尺度流体动力学建模和计算,并且利用单分子力谱直接探测DNA的单分子界面摩擦力。对于DNA等生物分子在受限空间内受力的科学认识,为DNA分子过孔测序技术的发展提供理论依据和设计指导。 (3)综合运用生物分子在纳通道中的输运过程和规律,发展纳通道中生物分子信号的超灵敏检测方法与原理。研制出基于金属场效应管的纳通道单分子传感器,建立多模式检测的实验方案,实现检测信号的多元化,提高检测容量,增强检测体系的分辩率与区分度

    Impact of Conservation Tillage on Soil Wind Erosion of

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    保护性耕作能够有效减少农田土壤风蚀。通过室内风洞实验,定量分析不同作物留茬、不同秸秆覆盖量对安塞黄绵土风蚀作用的影响。结果表明:(1)小麦留茬、玉米留茬以及秸秆覆盖都可以有效的减少风蚀。小麦秸秆覆盖量为4 210kg/hm2时土壤抗风蚀效率最高,达到95.9%;(2)风蚀量与风速成正相关关系,风蚀量随风速的变化均存在突然增大的转折点且30cm小麦留茬的转折点会明显滞后于30cm玉米留茬和裸土,30cm小麦留茬的抗风蚀效率要好于30cm玉米留茬;小麦秸秆覆盖量越大,抗风蚀效率越好;(3)随着高度的增加风蚀量逐渐减小,超过90%的风蚀量都集中在0~36cm高度范围内。随着风速的增大,0~10cm风蚀量所占比例会逐渐增加。Abstract:Conservation tillage can reduce soil wind erosion effectively on farmland.Quantitative analysis ofthe impact of different crop stubble and different straw mulch on wind erosion of loessial soil of Ansai wascarried out by wind tunnel experiments in the laboratory.The results indicated that:(1)wheat stubble,corn stubble and straw mulch could reduce soil wind erosion effectively,and anti-erosion efficiency understraw mulch with 4 210kg/hm2 was 95.9% which was the best;(2)the amount of wind erosion had a positive correlation with wind velocity,soil wind erosion increased with the increase of wind velocity,having asudden increase of the turning point,and the turning point of 30cm wheat stubble will be significantly lagbehind the 30cm corn stubble and bare soil.The greater coverage of wheat mulch was,the better the efficiency of anti-erosion was;(3)the amount of wind erosion will reduce gradually with the increase of theheight,and over 90%of the amount of wind erosion concentrated in the range of 0~36cm height.The proportion of wind erosion at the height of 0~10cm would gradually rise with increasing in wind velocity

    数字油田解决方案浅析

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    数字油田建设是一项庞大的系统工程 .通过分析数字油田建设中的任务特点及当前油田建设的实际情况 ,结合数据科学化管理及分析的需求以及当前网络技术发展的主流 ,认为网格计算及GIS是当前实现数字油田的最重要的技术 .并以网格计算及GIS在数字油田中的应用为主线 ,结合油田在建设及勘探开发中的实际需要 ,给出了应用网格计算及GIS技术解决数字油田问题的途径
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