良質水稻的健康管理

作物健康管理的基本理念是以環境友善型生產管理概念，為生產安全良好農產品的方法。本研究以水稻為試驗材料，施已插秧密度為30×24 cm，比傳統的密度30×16 cm為疏，肥料的總量應用在各個生長階段，健康管理田比對照田減少15%。結果顯示，在健康管理中稻熱病可減少12%的感染，雖然稻穀產量降低19.7%、但米粒外觀較白且透明約提高12%、及食味品質增加3%。綜合而論，健康管理模式以培育健全秧苗、寬行寬植及適當肥量營造通風的植株群落環境，因此農藥及肥料施用少1~2次，總支出成本因而減少32.1%，且此生產模式可減少環境污染，是一種環境友善型的生產管理。 Crop healthy management (CHM) is based on integrated management of environment-friendly method to product safe and good quality foods. Rice is a major staple food in the world as well as in Taiwan. At transplanting, plant density was adjusted to 30 x 24 cm from the conventional density of 30 x 16 cm. Total amount of fertilizers was decreased 15% from the control field. The results showed that infection of blast was reduced by 12% and the eating quality of rice was increased by 3%, although the yield was decreased by 19.7%. In conclusion, the developed health management may create a better ventilation environment through using the healthy seedlings, wider planting space, and appropriate amount of fertilizer. The management system had less pesticide and fertilizer application, then the net input was reduced by 32.1%. The present results suggested that the developed system has potential to be beneficial for both environment and farmers income

Development of High Yield Forage Fice

近年全球氣候異常，重大災變以不尋常頻率接連發生，致使地區性的糧食生產呈現不穩，對於糧食自給率偏低的我國，必須要有戰備存糧的戰略思考；在因應加入世界貿易組織（WTO）開放稻米市場下，國內休耕大量的稻田，這些長期沒有耕作的土地，地力不但沒有獲得養息，反而是病蟲及媒介越冬的溫床，對整個農業生態平衡及生產造成影響；日韓及中國等國為因應自身的飼料原料需求，都研發飼料用稻的品種。臺灣有栽種水稻的得天獨厚地理環境，悠久且有系統的稻作研究基礎，開發適合國情的飼料用稻米品種，讓飼料原料來源多元化，除了可以作為活化休耕田的策略選擇，亦可增加水田面積，降低熱島效應及防止洪害、減少徑流，發揮水田涵養地下水的重要生態意義，對於提高糧食自給率亦能發揮正面效益。 In recent years, global climate anomalies, an unusual frequency of major catastrophe occurred, resulting in regional food production showed instability, low rate of food self-sufficiency for our country, we must have food stocks readiness of strategic thinking; in response to the World Trade Organization (WTO ) open the rice market, the domestic large number of fallow paddy fields, these long-term there is no farming land, fertility not only did not get raised interest rates, but is a hotbed of wintering pests and media, have an impact on the ecological balance and overall agricultural production; Japan and South Korea and China other countries in response to their demand for raw materials to feed, all varieties of rice developed feed. Taiwan has a unique geographical environment planted rice, long and systematic basis for rice research and development conditions for the feed rice varieties, so to diversify sources of feed ingredients, in addition to the activation of fallow fields as a strategic choice, but also increase the paddy field area, reduce the heat island effect and prevent flood damage, reduce runoff, groundwater conservation of paddy fields play an important ecological significance for improving food self-sufficiency can also play a positive benefit