Attention characteristics of children with different clinical subtypes of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

目的探讨注意缺陷多动障碍(AdHd)儿童不同亚型的注意力特征,为临床干预提供依据。方法对345例AdHd儿童进行分型,使用整合视听持续性操作测试(IVA-CPT)进行注意力评估,比较不同亚型的视觉和听觉注意力特征。以122例正常儿童作为对照。结果 3种亚型AdHd儿童综合注意力商数和综合控制力商数得分均明显低于正常儿童,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);在控制力商数上,多动/冲动为主型(AdHd-HI)儿童听觉得分低于视觉,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);在注意力商数、速度商数上,3亚型AdHd儿童听觉得分高于视觉,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);在谨慎商数上,视觉得分高于听觉得分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);不同亚型AdHd儿童之间听觉注意力相关商数和视觉注意力相关商数差别无统计学意义。结论 AdHd儿童注意功能低于正常儿童,且视觉注意功能受损重于听觉;不同亚型AdHd儿童在视觉和听觉注意力特征上的功能受损程度无差别。Objective To explore the attention characteristics of children with different clinical subtypes of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) and to provide a basis for clinical intervention.Methods A total of 345 children diagnosed with ADHD were selected and the subtypes were identified.Attention assessment was performed by the intermediate visual and auditory continuous performance test at diagnosis, and the visual and auditory attention characteristics were compared between children with different subtypes.A total of 122 normal children were recruited in the control group and their attention characteristics were compared with those of children with ADHD.Results The scores of full scale attention quotient(AQ) and full scale response control quotient(RCQ) of children with all three subtypes of ADHD were significantly lower than those of normal children(P<0.01).The score of auditory RCQ was significantly lower than that of visual RCQ in children with ADHD-hyperactive/impulsive subtype(P<0.05).The scores of auditory AQ and speed quotient(SQ) were significantly higher than those of visual AQ and SQ in three subtypes of ADHD children(P<0.01), while the score of visual precaution quotient(PQ) was significantly higher than that of auditory PQ(P<0.01).No significant differences in auditory or visual AQ were observed between the three subtypes of ADHD.Conclusions The attention function of children with ADHD is worse than that of normal children, and the impairment of visual attention function is severer than that of auditory attention function.The degree of functional impairment of visual or auditory attention shows no significant differences between three subtypes of ADHD

SARS-CoV N蛋白与人冠状病毒HCoV-OC43和HCoV-229E的交叉反应表位及特异表位的确定

为确定SARS-CoV N蛋白的特异抗原表位,对3种人冠状病毒SARS-CoV、HCoV-OC43和HCoV-229E N蛋白之间的交叉免疫反应进行了系统研究。构建了分别表达SARS-CoV、HCoV-OC43和HCoV-229E N蛋白的重组痘苗病毒,并制备了相应的小鼠免疫血清。用间接免疫荧光方法,检测了3种N蛋白的表达及其与3种冠状病毒免疫动物血清和SARS病人恢复期血清之间的反应。与此同时,用Western blot方法分析了原核表达的39个不同区段的SARS-CoV N蛋白与3种冠状病毒动物免疫血清和SARS病人恢复期血清之间的交叉反应性。免疫荧光检测结果表明,SARS-CoV、HCoV-OC43和HCoV-229E3种病毒的N蛋白在重组痘苗病毒感染的HeLa细胞中均可以特异表达;3种N蛋白之间存在明显交叉免疫反应。Western blot结果显示,SARS-CoV N蛋白的表位主要位于30~60aa、170~184aa、301~320aa和360~422aa;与HCoV-OC43的交叉反应表位主要位于30~60aa、90~120aa、204~214aa和320~360aa;与HCoV-229E的交叉反应表位主要位于30~60aa、150~160aa和301~360aa。含SARS-CoV N蛋白特异表位的重组肽N155b(60~214aa)和N185(30~214aa)只与SARS病人恢复期血清和灭活SARS-CoV免疫小鼠的血清反应,而不与灭活HCoV-OC43和HCoV-229E免疫的山羊血清产生交叉反应。上述结果为使用SARS-CoV N蛋白抗原进行特异诊断试剂的研究,提供了重要的实验依据

Anti-resonance features of destructive quantum interference in single-molecule thiophene junctions achieved by electrochemical gating

基于单个有机分子来构筑电子器件为电子器件微型化提供潜在技术方案。本研究发展了可集成电化学门控的单分子电子器件测试芯片技术和科学仪器方法，在实验和理论两个层面对具有相消量子干涉效应的噻吩衍生物分子器件的电输运过程进行了电化学调控研究，从而首次在室温下实现了对单分子电子器件中量子干涉效应的反共振现象的直接观测和调控，为制备基于量子干涉效应的新型分子材料和器件提供了全新的设计思路和策略。该研究充分展示了电化学调控技术在信息材料和器件领域的重要应用潜力，也体现了我校固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室在电化学研究和科学仪器研发领域的技术积累，以及面向科学前沿开展交叉学科探索的研究特色。 该研究工作是在洪文晶教授、上海电力大学陈文博教授、英国兰卡斯特大学Colin Lambert教授指导下完成的。化学化工学院博士生白杰和李晓慧为论文的共同第一作者，刘俊扬副研究员、师佳副教授、研究生唐永翔、刘帅、黄晓娟、谭志冰和萨本栋微纳研究院的杨杨副教授等也参与了研究工作。田中群教授和毛秉伟教授为该工作提供了重要指导。【Abstract】Controlling the electrical conductance and in particular the occurrence of quantum interference in single-molecule junctions through gating effects, has potential for the realization of high-performance functional molecular devices. In this work, we used an electrochemically-gated, mechanically-controllable break junction technique to tune the electronic behaviour of thiophene-based molecular junctions that show destructive quantum interference (DQI) features. By varying the voltage applied to the electrochemical gate at room temperature, we reached a conductance minimum that provides direct evidence of charge transport controlled by an anti-resonance arising from DQI. Our molecular system enables conductance tuning close to two orders of magnitude within the non-faradaic potential region, which is significantly higher than that achieved with molecules not showing DQI. Our experimental results, interpreted using quantum transport theory, demonstrate that electrochemical gating is a promising strategy for obtaining improved in-situ control over the electrical performance of interference-based molecular devices.This research was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2017YFA0204902), National Natural Science Foundation of China (21722305, 21673195, 21503179, 21703188), the Program for Professor of Special Appointment (Eastern Scholar) at Shanghai Institutions of Higher Learning, Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai (17ZR1447100), Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (14DZ2261000), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2017M622060) for funding work in Xiamen. It was also supported by EU Horizon 2020 project QuIET under grant agreement no. 767187EC FP7 ITN ‘MOLESCO’ project no. 606728 and UK EPSRC grants EP/N017188/1 and EP/M014452/1 and Leverhulme Trust (Leverhulme Early Career Fellowships no. ECF-2017-186 and ECF-2018-375) for funding instrumentation used in Lancaster. It was also supported by Hungarian and Czech Academies of Sciences (P2015-107) and Hungarian Research Foundation (OTKA 112034) for funding instrumentation used in Hungary. The authors thank Z.-Q. Tian and B.-W. Mao, Xiamen University, for useful discussions. 该工作获得科技部国家重点研发计划课题（2017YFA0204902），国家自然科学基金委优秀青年科学基金等项目（21722305、21673195、21703188、21503179）以及中国博士后科学基金（2017M622060）等项目的资助，也得到了固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室、能源材料化学协同创新中心的支持

聚谷氨酸对盐碱土壤中盐蒸发结晶的影响

土壤盐碱化是土壤退化的一种表现，新疆的盐碱耕地面积在逐年增大。面对耕地土壤不断的盐碱化，肥料的施用效果以及盐碱土改良问题不断引起大家关注。如何提高盐碱土壤中磷肥的施用效果，开发出一种抑制盐蒸发结晶，保肥的环境友好型产品值得研究。聚谷氨酸是一种微生物合成产物，保水保肥剂，其在盐碱土壤中的应用研究比较少，且对磷肥的影响作用及影响机理有待于研究。本论文选用聚谷氨酸（γ-PGA）来研究其对盐碱土壤中盐蒸发结晶的影响，研究其在盐溶液中对 Ca-P 沉淀的影响，并通过等温滴定量热法（ITC）验证了聚谷氨酸与HPO42-， Ca2+， Na+相互间的络合能力；聚谷氨酸在实际盐碱土壤溶液中对盐蒸发结晶的微观研究；同时从纳豆中筛选了一株产聚谷氨酸的菌株，研究菌株本身对盐碱土壤溶液中盐蒸发结晶的影响；为了进一步验证聚谷氨酸在盐碱土壤中对植物生长的影响，进行了盆栽实验，以说明聚谷氨酸对盐碱土壤中盐分的影响尤其是磷的影响。主要结果如下：（1）在盐溶液蒸发结晶过程中，聚谷氨酸能延缓钙质（HAP 和碳酸钙）磷酸盐的沉淀，其延缓沉淀的机理为 γ-PGA 能为 Ca2+提供高于 Ca2+与 HPO42-之间络合的结合位点数的两个数量级。在实际盐碱土壤溶液蒸发结晶过程中，聚谷氨酸对盐结晶的类型和结晶顺序无明显影响，其中氯化钠、 Ca-P、碳酸钙在结晶过程中一直在析出。在土壤溶液蒸发结晶的初期，Ca-P 沉淀主要变现形式为 Ca2-P，Ca3-P， Ca4-P，这些是磷酸氢钙盐的沉淀盐，是水不溶性的。蒸发结晶结束后，Ca-P 沉淀形式主要为羟基磷灰石。另外，在蒸发结晶过程中，聚谷氨酸能显著降低盐碱土壤溶液中盐离子（Cl-、 Ca2+、 Na+）的含量，且又能抑制氯化盐与硫酸盐的结晶速率，同时能显著增加盐碱土壤溶液中的可溶性总磷含量。（2）枯草芽孢杆菌 Bacillus subtilis DKU NT 03 在盐碱土壤溶液蒸发结晶过程中能显著降低盐碱土壤溶液的 pH。施用菌液能在加 5 mM P 的盐碱土壤溶液的整个阶段显著提高土壤溶液中活性磷酸盐的含量，而对其他盐分包括阴离（Cl-，SO42-）及阳离子（Na+）浓度的显著降低影响及对 Ca2+浓度的显著增加影响只体现在蒸发结晶过程中的某个时间阶段。另外，在盐碱土壤溶液蒸发结晶过程中，该菌液的加入抑制了盐晶体的结晶速率，使得出现的结晶物相类型稳定，在蒸发结晶结束之后，出现的结晶类型相对于空白对照组无差异。（3）在盐碱土壤中种植甜菜施用聚谷氨酸，当甜菜生长到 5~6 片真叶时，施用适量的聚谷氨酸（100 mg/L）显著增加了甜菜的鲜重及干重，并显著降低了土壤中的可溶性盐含量。另外，随着甜菜栽培时间的增加，经 γ-PGA 处理的土壤的 pH 变化不显著，未经 γ-PGA 处理的土壤的 pH 是显著增加的。 甜菜根际土壤蒸发结晶出现的结晶盐类型中，经γ-PGA 处理的土壤盐结晶，相对于空白对照，钙盐（硫酸钙以及碳酸钙）相对比例随着聚谷氨酸浓度的增大是减少的趋势。另外，在甜菜栽培一个月收获后测定甜菜的全磷含量，发现聚谷氨酸处理促进了土壤中磷的利用率，根际土壤中盐结晶的羟基磷酸钙为痕量，根际土壤中损失的有效磷均被植物吸收利用

味觉厌恶性条件反射建立后脑内c-Fos的表达

以新异味觉刺激糖精水的摄入为条件刺激，以腹腔注射环磷酰胺（ＣＹ，免疫抑制剂）或氯化锂（ＬｉＣｌ）为非条件刺激，分别使大鼠建立味觉厌恶性条件反射。在条件刺激日，糖精水在学习组大鼠下列脑区中诱发出密集的Ｆｏｓ表达：下丘脑、杏仁核、边缘皮质等，而非学习组在这些区域中却没有或只有少量表达。另外，在丘脑前背侧核、扣带回、下丘脑外侧核、穹隆下器、压部后颗粒皮质、视上核，ＣＹ组的Ｆｏｓ表达明显多于ＬｉＣ１组；而在伏核、杏仁基底外侧核、腹外侧隔核，ＬｉＣｌ组的Ｆｏｓ表达明显多于ＣＹ组，这种差异可能是两种药物的不同药理性质所致。</p

直齿轮齿面非均匀磨损对模态特性的影响

研究准静态工况下齿面非均匀磨损对齿轮模态特性的影响。根据Hertz接触理论和Archard公式建立准静态磨损模型，对齿轮齿面磨损情况进行数值仿真。计算结果表明，主、从动轮的齿顶处和齿根处磨损较大，其中，齿顶处磨损量小于齿根处，主动轮的齿根位置磨损量最大，节点处齿轮做纯滚动，不产生磨损，在单齿、双齿啮合区交替处磨损量有突变。在此基础上，按数值分析结果施加齿面磨损故障，导入到Abaqus中进行仿真，进一步分析了磨损前后齿轮的模态特性。仿真结果表明，齿轮具有丰富的振动形态，磨损对振型影响不明显，但固有频率出现明显升高，其中，7~10阶的高阶固有频率增大幅度要高于低阶固有频率增大的幅度

Characteristic Analysis of Benthic Meiofauna Communities in Futian Mangrove Area of the Shenzhen Bay

为揭示深圳湾福田红树林区小型底栖动物群落的时空变化,在深圳湾福田红树林区3个取样站进行了夏、秋、冬3个季节的定量取样,共发现7个小型底栖动物类群; ,分别为自由生活海洋线虫、多毛类、寡毛类、双壳类、腹足类、桡足类和昆虫类,还有少许未定类群归为其他类.分析结果显示自由生活海洋线虫是优势类群,它; 与桡足类的丰度比值高,小型底栖动物的平均丰度为(1 572389) ind/(10; ${\rm{c}}{{\rm{m}}^2}$),平均生物量为(814 236)mug/(10; ${\rm{c}}{{\rm{m}}^2}$).单变量双因素方差分析结果表明:不同取样站和季节的小型底栖动物群落的类群数和丰度无显著差异;小型底; 栖动物群落的生物量、类群多样性指数、均匀度指数和丰富度指数呈显著的季节变化,但取样站之间无显著差异.综上,深圳湾福田红树林区小型底栖动物优势类群; 呈现较高的丰度和较低的类群多样性.To probe the spatial and temporal variations of benthic meiofaunal; communities in Futian mangrove area of the Shenzhen Bay,benthic; meiofauna was investigated in three sampling stations in three; seasons.The results showed that seven meiofaunal groups were found,which; were free-living marine Nematoda,Polychaeta,; Oligochaeta,Bivalvia,Gastropoda,benthic Copepoda and Insecta,as well as; some unidentified groups classified as others. Among them,Nematoda was; the dominant group and the nematode/copepod abundance ratio was high.The; average abundance and biomass of meiofauna were (1 572 389) ind/(10; ${\rm{c}}{{\rm{m}}^2}$) and (814236) mug/(10; ${\rm{c}}{{\rm{m}}^2}$),respectively.Univariate two-way ANOVA results; showed that there was no significant difference in group numbers and; meio-funal abundance among seasons and sampling stations. Besides, the; meiofaunal biomass, group diversity index, evenness index and richness; index were significantly different among seasons,while no significant; difference was shown among sampling stations.These results indicate that; the dominant meiofaunal group has higher density and lower value of; group Shannon-Wiener index in Futian mangrove area of the Shenzhen Bay.国家自然科学基金; 海洋公益性行业科研专

水库浮式围圈种植蕹菜初步试验

直接将蕹菜单株或茎蔓节段穿扎在浮式围圈框架中的尼龙绳上,种植面积50 m2,共获总产量约50 kg。推算蕹菜现存量为10 kg,每天可以去除水体TN 264.9 mg、TP 32.2 mg;按蕹菜植物体鲜重含氮量计,蕹菜从水中带出的氮量为648 g。试验表明,水体营养物质越丰富,蕹菜生长越好。受水面风浪影响,水面蕹菜生长的高度低于陆地种植的蕹菜生长高度。水面种植蕹菜没有病虫危害,节省肥料,节约土地,减少田间管理工作和投入