林农天保二期工程参与意愿及其影响因素分析——以西部四个案例县(旗)为例

以云南省玉龙县、陕西省靖边县、甘肃省庆城县和内蒙古乌拉特前旗为例,通过林农问卷调查法,取得384份有效样本,运用logistic回归方法对林农天保二期工程参与意愿进行分析。结果显示:受访者文化程度、林木质量、是否知道公益林补偿政策和是否满意公益林补偿金兑现政策等因素对林农天保二期工程参与意愿有显著影响,并以此提出加强农村教育工作、增强公益林生态补偿标准制定的科学性、提高政策宣传力度、优化公益林补偿金的兑现政策的政策建议。国家自然科学基金资助项目“西部集体林区后天保工程时期的生态补偿机制研究”(71273215

Research on Benefit Assessment of Ecological Compensation for Collective Non-commercial Forest in Natural Forest Protection Regions of Western China——Taking Yulong County in Yunnan, Xiuwen County in Guizhou and Jingbian County in Shanxi as Examples

文章从经济效益、社会效益、生态效益3个方面构建西部天保工程区集体公益林生态补偿效益评价指标体系,运用层次分析法的基本原理,对综合评价模型中的距离函数模型及指标量化方法进行分析。并结合西部天保工程区集体公益林生态补偿效益评价特点,构建和确定各层次判断矩阵及各指标权重。同时依据综合距离值的计算方法,说明判断集体公益林生态补偿效益高低的标准。以云南省玉龙县、贵州省修文县、陕西省靖边县为例,采用层次分析法对集体公益林生态补偿效益进行评价。评价结果显示：玉龙县、靖边县集体公益林生态补偿效益处于较高水平,修文县集体公益林生态补偿效益处于一般水平。针对存在的问题,提出提高案例县集体公益林生态补偿效益的建议。From the 3 aspects of economic benefits, social benefits and ecological benefits, the indicator system is for evaluating benefits of ecological compensation for the collective non-commercial forest in natural forest protection regions of western China. It analyzed the Distance Function Model and Indicator Quantitative Method by Analytic Hierarchy Process principle. Combining the characteristics of non-commercial forest ecological compensation forest benefit evaluation, it built judgment matrix of each level and determined the weight of each indicator. On the basis of calculating comprehensive distance value, it illustrated the standard to judge the benefits of ecological compensation for collective non-commercial forest. Taking Yulong County in Yunnan, Xiuwen County in Guizhou and Jingbian County in Shaanxi as examples, it adopted Analytic Hierarchy Process（AHP） principle to evaluate the benefits of ecological compensation for collective non-commercial forest. The evaluation results show that the benefits of ecological compensation for collective non- commercial forest in Yulong County and Jingbian County are at higher levels, but that in Xiuwen County is in the general level. Finally, it put forward some suggestions for improving the benefits of ecological compensation for collective non-commercial forest in case-counties based on their existing problems.国家自然科学基金资助项目“西部集体林区后天保工程时期的生态补偿机制研究”（编号：71273215）致谢：云南省玉龙县、贵州省修文县、陕西省靖边县林业局提供资料并给予帮助,在此表示感谢

WMN: A New Type of Wideband Wireless Network

无线网状网技术是一种具有良好市场应用前景的新型宽带无线网络技术。本文首先简要介绍了无线网状网的产生和发展,然后针对无线网状网的定义、特点、应用以及影响网络性能的关键因素等最核心的几个问题,进行了初步的探讨和总结。Wireless mesh network (WMN) is a new promising wideband wireless networking technology for numerous applications. In this paper, the derivation and development of WMN are presented. Then, several important issues of WMN are discussed and summarized, which include definitions, characteristics, applications, critical factors influencing network performance, etc.“清华—高通无线通信联合研究中心”资金资助项

神农架世界自然遗产地落叶木本植物多样性及其代表性

神农架世界自然遗产地在生物多样性、栖息地和生态学过程上具有全球意义,属于北方温带落叶林生物群区。北方温带落叶林是世界落叶木本植物种类最为丰富的生物群区。本文选取该群区最具代表性的82个仅有落叶成分的属,对比分析了相关种、属在世界、中国、欧洲、北美、美国大烟山(Great Smoky Mountains)、日本Ogawa森林保护区(Ogawa Forest Reserve)和神农架世界自然遗产地的分布情况,重点分析了神农架世界自然遗产地落叶树种的多样性和代表性,为神农架世界自然遗产地突出普遍价值的认定提供重要证据,并为其科学管理提供理论依据。结果表明:神农架有62个落叶属,分别占中国和世界仅有落叶成分属的86%和76%;落叶种225个,分别占中国和世界的21%和7%。美国大烟山和日本Ogawa森林保护区亦属于典型的北方温带落叶林,然而,二者的落叶木本植物种、属多样性均低于神农架世界自然遗产地。这说明神农架世界自然遗产地是世界落叶木本植物集中分布地,其多样性和代表性具有全球意义。青藏高原的隆起导致中国中东部气候温暖湿润,地形复杂多变,而且该区域与亚热带热带植物区系落叶成分联系紧密,这可能是导致神农架植物区系具有丰富的落叶木本成分的生物地理成因