新中国成立初国立安徽大学教育学科发展钩玄

新中国成立初期,国立安徽大学保留的安徽省唯一一个教育学科,经不断发展,成为如今安徽多所高校教育学科的源头。期间,国立安徽大学教育学科的布局进行了调整,成立教学机构,培养专门人才;师资队伍不断完善,遴选了教育学科带头人,优化了教师的年龄和专业结构,规范了行政管理,为学科发展理顺了关系;教育学科的人才培养重视新生招录、课程改革和学业考核等各个环节,人才培养硕果累累;教育学科的学术研究特色鲜明,也渐有起色。国立安徽大学教育学科建设既继承了原来的优良传统,又顺应了时代发展趋势。国立安徽大学教育学科的嬗变不仅为该学科自身发展奠定了基础,而且为当代中国教育学科的发展做出了自己应有的贡献

野牦牛和青海牦牛血清蛋白和氨基酸含量的比较研究

结果表明，野、家牦牛血清蛋白组成基本相似，但γ-球蛋白占总球蛋白的比率和必需氨基酸与非必需氨基酸之比值存在显著差异。这在牦牛资源的开发与利用中，是有价值的基础研究资料

黑白花奶牛LDH同工酶的发育遗传学分析

黑白花奶牛血清ldH同工酶以b型酶占相对优势（58.7%—92.0%），ldH总活力以及各同工酶的表现形式和A、b两亚基的表达程度随机体生理状态的改变和个体生长发育阶段的不同而有变动。它们的这种表达特征是IdHA和IdHb两基因实施调控的结果，与奶牛代谢过程中的能量需求相适应

Comparison of genomic DNA of hybrid ( Oreochromis niloticus ♀ × O.aureaus ♂) and its parents

采用RAPD技术 ,用 2 0个随机引物对尼罗罗非鱼、奥利亚罗非鱼及其杂交一代的精巢DNA进行扩增反应 ,发现引物OPZ - 14和OPZ - 18在尼罗罗非鱼和奥利亚罗非鱼之间扩增出有差异的DNA片段 ,作为鉴定两种鱼的分子标记有较高可信度。对这两种鱼的杂交一代基因组DNA的RAPD扩增能获得足够的多态性 ,2 0个引物中有 8个引物扩增出差异性产物 ,表明杂交一代基因杂合性增强 ,这是杂种优势得以形成的重要遗传物质基础之一。Using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA(RAPD) technique with 20 kinds of random primers, genomic DNA of hybrid (Oreochromis niloticus ♀ ×Oreochromis aureaus ♂) and its parents were analysed. The results showed that only with the two kinds of primers, OPZ-14 and OPZ-18, species specific fragments were produced between parent fishes, even between different fish belonging to the same species, and some of them could be used as molecular markers to identify O.niloticus and O.aureaus. And 8 primers generate polymorphic products among hybrid fish and its parents. DNA fragments amplified from the hybrid fish were more abundant than those from its parents, which may be the result of more abundant genes in the hybrid fish, because of heredity or mutation. These results provide some molecular biological basis for species identification and heterosis effect in fish.福建省水产厅资助! (闽水外经 96 6 4

孔丘家风摭论

中国历史上最伟大的思想家、政治家和教育家孔丘,其优良家风深深地影响了整个孔氏家族几千年的发展,甚至辐射到孟氏、曾氏等家族。孔丘家风强调为人潜修身心,恪守礼制;处世睿智开明,海纳百川;治学博约结合,精思贯通;执事恰当中庸,厚重虔敬。这些内容构成孔丘家风的完整体系,其家风传承数千年而经久不绝,影响深远,对建设有中国特色的社会主义新家风仍有现实意义。教育部人文社会科学研究2014年规划基金项目“传统儒家人格教育思想资源的当代转化研究”(14YJA880063)的阶段性成

Progress in Molecular Biological Studies of α_Tubulin in Maize (Zea mays)

自1963 年在植物细胞中发现微管以来，其研究取得了较大进展。α＿ 微管蛋白是组成微管的基本单位之一。本文综述了玉米α＿微管蛋白基因及其表达调控的研究进展The studies on microtubule have been made great progresses since microtubule was found in plant cells in 1963.Researches on the genes and the regulation of gene expression of α_tubulin in maize, a subunit of tubulin which is a major constituent of microtubule, are reviewed

可储存介孔氧化锆-磷酸钙根管充填糊剂的实验研究

目的制备可储存介孔氧化锆-磷酸钙根管充填糊剂(简称糊剂),并对其显影效果、理化性能、可储存性能及生物相容性进行评价。方法制备具有有序六方孔结构的钛稳定介孔氧化锆,并将其(质量分数5%、10%、15%、20%)与自固化磷酸钙骨水泥粉末混合制得介孔氧化锆-磷酸钙根管充填糊剂。通过X射线拍摄评价糊剂的显影效果;通过测试收缩率、薄膜厚度、流动性和溶解性评价糊剂的理化性能;通过测试不同储存时间糊剂的流动性能评价其可储存性;通过细胞毒性实验、口腔致敏动物实验、皮下组织埋植动物实验对糊剂进行生物安全性评价。结果①含有质量分数15%介孔氧化锆-磷酸钙根管充填糊剂显影效果满足临床需要;②所制糊剂的各项理化性能均符合ISO 6876中关于根管充填糊剂理化性能的评价标准;③所制糊剂可在4℃、50%相对湿度环境下长期密封保存;④所制糊剂材料对L-929细胞无毒性,无口腔黏膜刺激反应,不会对皮下组织产生毒害作用。结论可储存介孔氧化锆-磷酸钙根管充填糊剂具有良好的显影性能、理化性能、可储存性能及生物安全性,对根管充填的临床应用具有积极意义

ANALYSES ON LDH ISOENZYME AND PROTEIN FROM BOTH GUANGDONG STRAIN AND FUJIAN STRAIN OF ECHINOCHASMUS FUJIANENSIS

目的　探讨福建与广东两地福建棘隙吸虫生化特点。方法　用不连续聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳及薄层等电聚焦电泳等进行比较分析虫体乳酸脱氢酶 (LDH)同工酶和蛋白质。结果　福建与广东两地虫株都有 5种LDH同工酶 ,其中LDH1、LDH4 和LDH5的迁移率相同 ;蛋白质电泳都分离出 9条区带 ,其中有 7条带的等电点相同。但在LDH2 和LDH3 的迁移率 ,蛋白质区带的相对含量 ,同工酶的总活力与比活力 ,以及A和B亚基的含量等存在差异。结论　LDH同工酶与蛋白质的某些差异 ,可归因为基因型相似条件下所出现两地虫株生化遗传上差异Aim\ Inguired into the biochemical characteristrics of Echinochasmus fujianensis found in Fujian and Guangdong provinces. Methods\ Compared and analysed two strains by LDH isoenzyme eletrophoresis, discontinuous PAGE and thinlayer isoelectric equilibrium PAGE.Results\ Two strains both had five LDH isoenzyme, among them, LDH\-1、LDH\-4 and LDH\-5 had the same mobilities. There were nine bands in protein electrophoresis. Seven bands had the same isoelectric point.But there were differences in the mobilities of LDH\-2 and LDH\-3,the comparative amount of protein bands, total and specific activity of isoenzyme and the amount of A and B subunit. Conclusion Under the similar condition of genotypes, the differences of the biochemical inheritance can be contributed to the differences of LDH isoenzyme and protein.福建省科技计划基金资助项目!(No.98-Z-156);; 福建省“百千万人才”人选培养资金资助项

SURVEY OF MIXED INFECTIONS OF FISH-BORNE TREMATODES IN PINYUAN COUNTY AND DNA(RAPD)ANALYSIS

目的　调查广东省平远县棘隙吸虫及其他鱼源性吸虫混合感染情况。方法　对鱼类宿主取鱼鳃和鱼肉等组织 ,镜检囊蚴 ;用水洗过筛沉淀法粪检虫卵 ,部分虫卵阳性动物解剖检查。采用DNA -RAPD技术 ,比较福建棘隙吸虫广东株与福建株。结果　查出华支睾吸虫 (Clonorchissinensis)、东方次睾吸虫 (Metorchisorientalis)、福建棘隙吸虫 (Echinochasmusfujianensis)、日本棘隙吸虫 (E japonicus)、抱茎棘隙吸虫 (E perfoliatus)和钩棘单睾吸虫 (Haplorchispumilio) 6种。第二中间宿主为麦穗鱼等 11种 ,感染率 48 3% (182 / 377) ,有 92 4%的阳性鱼混合感染 2种以上吸虫囊蚴。保虫宿主狗、猫感染率 79 2 % (19/ 2 4) ,每只阳性动物均有 2种以上吸虫混合感染。 15个引物在福建棘隙吸虫广东株与福建株两者共获DNA片段 185个 ,共享度 (F) =0 984,遗传距离 (D) =0 0 16。结论　当地为人兽共患的多种鱼源性吸虫混合感染区。形态学观察和分子生物学检测结果相印证 ,福建棘隙吸虫广东株与福建棘隙吸虫福建株为同一虫种。Aim To seek the possible existence of mixed infections of Echinochasmus fujianensis and other fish-borne tremtodes in Pinyuan county,Guangdong.Methods Metacercariae of trematodes were detected from gills,muscles and some other tissues of freshwater fish and examintd under microscopy Sedimentation pocedures were used to observe parasite ova in stool Adult worms were obtained from definitive animal hosts upon dissection Experimental animal infection were performed from metacercariae of E fujianensis strains in Fujian and Guangdong,and it's DNA analysis Random amplified Polymorphic DNA(RAPD).Results Six species of trematodes were found,including Clonorchis sinensis,Metorchis orientalis,E fujanensis, E japonicus,E perfoliatus and Haplorchis pumilio Eleven species of freshwater fish comprising Pseudorasbora parve were identified as the second intermediate hosts,with an average positive rate of 48 33%(182/377) The overall mixed infection animal were contracted with 2 or more species Dogs and cats were detected to be reservoir hosts,the total infection rate being 79 2%(19/24).92 4% of infecded fish were contracted with 2 or 6 speies of the metacercariae of trematodes 185 DNA fragments were obtained by 15 primers,F=0 894 and D=0 016 between E fujianensis Guandong and Fujian strain Conclusion There are six species of fish-borne trematodes which may cause infections in human and animal in the regions E fujianensis Guangdong stain and Fujian strain are the same species福建省科技计划基金!资助项目 (No 98-Z - 1 56);; 福建省“百千万人才”人选培养资

ANALYSIS OF GENOMIC DNA POLYMORPHISMS IN SHRIMP GROUP

采用RAPD方法检测了罗氏沼虾 (Macrobrachiumrosenbergii)、绿须虾 (Aristeusvirilis)、长毛对虾 (Penaeuspenicillatus)、日本对虾 (P.japonicus)、斑节对虾 (P.monodon)和周氏新对虾(Metapenaeusjoyneri)等6个虾种的基因组DNA的多态性。用20个随机引物扩增得到492个DNA片段 ,根据这些片段的共享度计算出遗传距离并构建系统树。所得结果从DNA水平上反映出虾类在科属种不同分类阶元亲缘关系的远近 ,并为虾类现行的分类系统提供了分子生物学依据Genomic DNA polymorphisms in six species shrimp (Macrobrachium rosenbergii, Aristeus virilis, Penaeus penicillatus, P. japonicus, P. monodom and Metapenaeus joyneri) were detected using randomly amplified polymorphic DAN(RAPD) method. Amplifications with 20 primers gave 492 reproducible fragments. Index of genetic similarity(F) was calculated. The value of (1-F) was used to evaluate genetic distances between species and to construct phylogenetic tree. These RAPD analysis is consistent with extant taxonomic system of shrimp group. Therefore, overall results revealed phylogenetic relationship of differential taxonomic class of shrimp group on genomic DNA