Fractional Elliptic equations and Heat Equations Related Problems

首先，我们在具有Dirichlet零边界条件的光滑有界区域内，研究一类带有分数阶拉普拉斯算子的超线性椭圆问题.我们使用调和扩张方法来研究变号解对于参数的依赖性. 其次，我们考虑一类带有分数阶拉普拉斯算子的热方程（具有低能量初值），研究该方程全局解的存在性和衰减估计以及爆破解。并且考虑任何具有高能量初值的全局解的性态，应用这种思想来准确描述全局解的衰减性.Firstly, we consider a class of superlinear elliptic problems involving fractional Laplacian in a bounded smooth domain with zero Dirichlet boundary condition. We use the method on harmonic extension to study the dependence of the number of sign-changing solutions on the parameter. Secondly, we are concerned with the existence and asymptotic estimates of global solutions and blowup of a clas...学位：博士后院系专业：物理科学与技术学院_理论物理学号：201417005

Fractional Heat Equation and systems, Hyperbolic Systems and Quasi-geostrophic Equation Related Problems

本文讨论了四个偏微分方程解的存在性，爆破性以及适定性。全文分为四个部分。第一部分为本文的 第三章。本部分主要研究一个广义的分数阶热传导方程\\numberwithin{equation}{section} \begin{displaymath} \left\{ \begin{array}{ll} u_{t}=-(-\Delta)^{\alpha}u+h(t)u^{v}，&\hbox{$(x，t)\in\mathbb{R}^{N}\times(0，T)$;}\u(x，0)=\phi(x)，&\hbox{$\phi(x)\geq0，\phi(x)\not\equiv0$，} \end{...Part 1, which is the third chapter in this paper, studies the the Cauchy problem for the fractional differential heat equation \ \numberwithin{equation}{section} \begin{displaymath} \left\{ \begin{array}{ll} u_{t}=-(-\Delta)^{\alpha}u + h(t)u^{v}, & \hbox{$(x,t)\in \mathbb{R}^{N}\times (0,T)$;} \ u(x,0)=\phi(x), & \hbox{$\phi(x)\geq 0, \phi(x) \not\equiv 0$.} \end{array} \right...学位：理学博士院系专业：数学科学学院数学与应用数学系_应用数学学号：1902009015361

从温州民间借贷危机看民营经济面临的挑战

温州民间借贷危机的爆发,既是源于金融制度变迁滞后,又是源于产业结构转型滞后,是双重因素相互交错的产物。而其导火线则是宏观调控政策从紧即银根抽紧。同全国民营企业一样,温州民营企业所需要的资金,大部分来自民间借贷。没有民间金融,就没有民营企业。而民间借贷利率又是与国家货币政策的宽紧密切联系在一起的。适度从紧的货币政策促使民间利率大幅度提高,高利贷是压垮民营企业的最后一根稻草。民间金融合法化、阳光化和利率市场化,是化解民间借贷危机、促进民营企业健康发展的必由之路

剖析温州民间借贷危机机理

改革开放30多年来,温州民营经济从一家一户的零散作坊发展到如今拥有45万家企业的规模。民营经济占据温州区域经济的90%以上。但是,我国现行的金融体制是计划经济体制的产物,正规金融机构重点是为国有企业和地方政府提供资金服务的。众多民营企业所必须的资金只能借助于民间资本的力量。担保公司、投资公司、寄售行、典当行、租赁公司是温州民间借贷的五

pJAK2 polypeptide,an antagonist of suppressors of cytokine signaling-1,can enhance the antitumor effect of dendritic cells

目的:探讨细胞因子信号转导抑制因子-1(SuPPrESSOrS Of CyTOkInE SIgnAlIng1,SOCS1)拮抗物PJAk2多肽(氨基酸序列号为1001-1013)参与树突状细胞(dEndrITIC CEllS,dCS)的体外诱导培养后对dCS抗肿瘤作用的影响。方法:采集健康人外周血,离心获得单个核细胞,用重组人粒细胞巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(rECOMbInAnT HuMAn grAnulOCyTE-MACrOPHAgE COlOny STIMulATIng fACTOr,rHgM-CSf)及重组人白细胞介素-4(rECOMbInAnT HuMAn InTErlEukIn-4,rHIl-4)诱导dCS,第5天分为4组:单纯dCS培养(对照)组、抗原负载(lySATE-dCS)组、多肽修饰(PJAk2-dCS)组和抗原与多肽共培养(lySATE+PJAk2-dCS)组,第6天各组加入肿瘤坏死因子-α(TuMOr nECrOSIS fACTOr-AlPHA,Tnf-α)促成熟。倒置显微镜下观察dCS形态;fCM法检测dCS表型;乳酸脱氢酶(lACTATE dEHydrOgEnASE,ldH)细胞毒实验检测各组细胞毒性T淋巴细胞(CyTOTOXIC T lyMPHOCyTE,CTl)对胃癌细胞bgC-823的靶向杀伤作用;ElISA法检测白细胞介素-12(InTErlEukIn-12,Il-12)和γ干扰素(InTErfErOn-γ,Ifn-γ)的水平。结果:与未加入诱导剂组相比,各组均成功诱导出成熟dCS,均高表达Cd80、Cd83、Cd86和人类白细胞dr抗原(HuMAn lEukOCyTE AnTIgEn dr,HlA-dr),但以lySATE+PJAk2-dCS组的表达水平最高。在10:1~30:1的效靶比范围内,CTl杀伤作用与效靶比呈正相关。当效靶比为30:1时,对照组的CTl杀伤率达(19.77±2.34)%,低于其他3组(P<0.01),而lySATE+PJAk2-dCS组较lySATE-dCS组及PJAk2-dCS组都高(P<0.05)。lySATE+PJAk2-dCS组培养上清液中Il-12及Ifn-γ的分泌水平明显高于对照组(P<0.01)。结论:SOCS1拮抗物PJAk2多肽(1001-1013)可增强dCS对胃癌细胞的抗原递呈及特异性抗肿瘤作用。Objective:To investigate the effect of pJAK2 polypeptide,an antagonist of SOCS1(suppressors of cytokine signaling 1),on antitumor effect of in vitro cultivation-induced DCs(dendritic cells).Methods:Peripheral blood was collected from the healthy volunteers,and the PBMCs(peripheral blood mononuclear cells)were isolated.DCs were induced by rhGM-CSF(recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor)and rhIL-4(recombinant human interleukin-4).On the fifth day,DCs were divided into four groups:control group,Lysate-DCs group,pJAK2-DCs group,and Lysate + pJAK2 DCs group.On the sixth day,TNF-α(tumor necrosis factor-alpha)was added into each group.The morphological features of DCs were observed under an inverted microscope;the phenotypes were detected by FCM(flow cytometry);the killing effect of CTLs(cytotoxic T lymphocytes)on gastric cancer BGC-823 cells was evaluated by LDH(lactate dehydrogenase)cytotoxicity test;the concentrations of IL-12(interleukin-12)and IFN-γ(interferon-γ)were detected by ELISA(enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay).Results:Mature DCs presented typically morphological and phenotypic features;the DCs in Lysate + pJAK2-DCs group had the highest expression levels of CD80,CD83,CD86 and HLA-DR(human leukocyte antigen DR).When the ratio of effectors to target cells ranged from 10:1 to 30:1,the killing activity of CTLs had a positive correlation with the ratio.When the ratio of effectors to target cells was 30:1,the killing activity of CTLs in the control group was(19.77±2.34)%,which was lowest as compared with the other groups(P < 0.01),meanwhile the killing activity of CTLs in Lysate + pJAK2-DCs group was higher than those in Lysate-DCs and pJAK2-DCs groups(P < 0.05).The levels of IL-12 and IFN-γ secretion in Lysate + pJAK2-DCs group were apparently higher than those in the control group(P < 0.01).Conclusion:An antagonist of SOCS1,pJAK2 polypeptide,can enhance the ability of antigen presentation and specific antitumor effect of DCs on gastric cancer cells.南京军区医学科技创新课题资助项目(编号:10MA068); 福建省自然科学基金面上项目(编号:2010D013); 厦门市科技计划创新项目(编号:3502z20104014

Development of a Two-dimensional Ultrasonic Vibration Assisted Grinding Technique of Monocrystal Silicon

基于超声振动磨削能有效提高加工效率及加工表面质量的特性,通过设计具有伸缩和弯曲两种模态的压电陶瓷椭圆振子,实现了单晶硅二维椭圆振动磨削技术。对超声振子的振动特性进行检测,证实改变压电陶瓷两电极之间的交流信号相位差和电压幅值,可得到不同形状和振幅的椭圆振动。对单晶硅进行超声磨削与普通磨削的对比试验,结果表明二维振动磨削的磨削力大幅降低,表面粗糙度显著减小,表面质量明显提高,加工表面延性域去除比例增加。从而证实二维超声振动磨削方法能够实现高效率高质量单晶硅加工。Based on the characteristics of higher machining efficiency and higher surface quality of ultrasonic vibration grinding,a two-dimensional ultrasonic vibration grinding of monocrystal silicon technique is achieved by designing elliptical vibrator with longitudinal mode and bending mode.The measurement results on the vibration characteristics of vibrator show that shape and amplitude of elliptical vibration can be modulated by changing voltage amplitude and phase difference between the piezoelectric ceramics electrodes.The grinding experimental results show that under the elliptic ultrasonic vibration assistance,grinding forces are reduced largely,the surface roughness is decreased significantly,the surface quality is improved obviously,and moreover the percentage of ductile-mode removal material increases.These indicate that high efficiency and high surface quality machining of monocrystal silicon can be achieved with elliptic vibration assisted grinding.国防科研资助项目(62301090103

Topography characteristics and profile type of China offshore submarine

基于国家海洋局“908“专项的最新海底地形资料,分析中国近海海底地形特征及其影响因素。中国近岸海底地形继承了陆地地形西北向东南倾斜的趋势,海底地形坡降为0.2‰~1.6‰,平均坡降约0.8‰,等深线基本平行于海岸展布,河口区呈舌状向海展布。海底地形受构造控制作用明显,呈两窿两坳的南、北分带特征,并在不同沉积环境和复杂水动力条件下塑造出沉降盆地型、挤压隆起型、沉积改造型和过渡型等4种类型。沉降盆地型和挤压隆起型地形起伏小,沉积物以细粒为主,水流方向单一,易发育海湾堆积平原和水下堆积岸坡等堆积型地貌,同属构造成因的地形;沉积改造型地形起伏较大,沉积物以粗粒为主,多在陆源补给丰富的河口和潮流辐聚区发育大型潮流沙脊,全新统沉积层巨厚,受潮流、径流、海流的后期改造作用明显;过渡型地形陡缓不均,沉积物颗粒不均匀混合,近岸发育阶地状陡坎,远岸发育陆架平原等侵蚀—堆积型地貌,为断陷地块不完全发育和多期次海侵共同作用的结果。Based on the latest submarine topography data of "908" special project of the State Oceanic Administration, topographical characteristics and its influencing factors of China offshore submarine were analyzed.China offshore submarine topography inherits land topographical trend from northwest to southeast.The submarine topographical gradient is from 0.2‰ to 1.6‰ and the average gradient was about 0.8‰.The depth contour is substantially parallel to the coast spreading and is tongue to sea spreading at estuary area.The submarine topography is dominated by the geological structure, which shows the typical characteristics about two uplifts and two subsides form north to south.Four types have been with the influence of different sedimentary environments and complex hydrodynamic shape: sedimentary basin, squeeze uplift, deposit reformation and transition types.On the sedimentary basin and squeeze uplift area, topographical undulate is small, sediments is fine, flowing current is single direction and easily develops the gulf accumulation plains and underwater accumulation slope.They belong to the same tectonic origin topography.On the deposit reformation area, topographical undulate is large, sediments are coarse, develop tidal sand ridges at terrigenous supply estuary and convergence trend zone, Holocene sediments are thick, and obviously transformed by tidal, runoff and currents.On the transition area, change of topographical undulate and sediment particles mixed are uneven and develop terraces like scarp inshore and shelf plains erosion-accumulation landforms offshore.That is the common result of incompletely developed plots rift and transgression of many times.国家自然科学基金资助项目(41276058); 国家海洋局“908”专项(908-ZC-I-07); 国家海洋局公益性科研项目(201105001;2012418004

Effect of Helicobacter pylori on the function of peripheral blood monocyte-derived dendritic cells in gastric cancer patients

分析HP阳性和HP阴性的胃癌患者外周血单核细胞来源树突状细胞(MOdCS)功能的差异性及其临床意义。方法:用尿素14C呼气试验对解放军第一七四医院2011年1月至2012年10月收治的84例胃癌患者进行HP感染状态鉴定,分别采集HP阳性和阴性胃癌患者外周血,分离外周血单个核细胞,采用经典方法(rHgM-CSf、rHIl-4联合rHTnf-α)诱导产生dCS,采用流式细胞仪检测dCS表型,采用ldH释放法检测dCS致敏T细胞对胃癌细胞的毒性杀伤作用,采用ElISA方法检测细胞因子Il-12、Ifn-γ的分泌水平。结果:两组MOdCS成熟过程形态变化无差异,HP阳性组MOdCS表面标记分子Cd1A、Cd80、Cd83、Cd86和HlA-dr平均表达百分率均高于HP阴性组,其中Cd80、Cd83、Cd86的表达水平差异有统计学意义,Cd1A、HlA-dr差异无统计学意义。HP阳性组dCS致敏T淋巴细胞对胃癌细胞杀伤率和Il-12、Ifn-γ的分泌水平均高于HP阴性组(P<0.05)。结论:HP感染状态不影响胃癌患者外周血MOdCS成熟过程形态变化,HP感染的胃癌患者MOdCS成熟和活化水平更高。Objective:This study aimed to compare and analyze the functional differences between peripheral blood monocyte-derived dendritic cells(DCs) of Helicobacter pylori-positive and H.pylori-negative patients with gastric cancer.Methods:H.pylori infection was detected in 84 patients with gastric cancer in our hospital from January 2011 to October 2012 by the14C-urea breath test.DCs were generated from monocytes isolated by an adherent method from the two groups of patients and cultured in the presence of rhIL-4,rhGM-CSF,and rhTNF-α.Furthermore,the expression of surface marker molecules was determined by fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis.The cytotoxicity of DCs pulsed T cells against gastric carcinoma cell was assessed by the lactate dehydrogenase-releasing assay.The secretion of IL-12 and IFN-γ in the supernatant was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results:No difference was observed in the morphological change of the maturation process.The mean expression of CD1a,CD80,CD83,CD86,and HLA-DR molecules in DCs of H.pylori-infected patients was higher than that in DCs of H.pylori-negative group,and the differences were statistically significant except for CD1a and HLA-DR.The cytotoxicity activities,IL-12 release,and IFN-γ release in the H.pylori-positive group were significantly higher than those in the H.pylori-negative group(P<0.05).Conclusion:H.pylori infection has no effect on the morphological change of the maturation process of monocyte-derived DCs.These data clearly demonstrate that monocyte-derived DCs of H.pylori-infected patients with gastric cancer can induce stronger maturation and activation than those of H.pylori-negative patients.南京军区医学科技创新课题(编号:10MA068); 福建省自然科学基金资助项目(编号:2010D013); 厦门市科技计划创新项目(编号:3502z20104014)资助~

类泛素蛋白及其中文命名

泛素家族包括泛素及类泛素蛋白,约20种成员蛋白.近年来,泛素家族领域取得了迅猛发展,并已与生物学及医学研究的各个领域相互交叉.泛素家族介导的蛋白质降解和细胞自噬机制的发现分别于2004和2016年获得诺贝尔奖.但是,类泛素蛋白并没有统一规范的中文译名. 2018年4月9日在苏州召开的《泛素家族介导的蛋白质降解和细胞自噬》专著的编委会上,部分作者讨论了类泛素蛋白的中文命名问题,并在随后的\"泛素家族、自噬与疾病\"(Ubiquitinfamily,autophagy anddiseases)苏州会议上提出了类泛素蛋白中文翻译草案,此草案在参加该会议的国内学者及海外华人学者间取得了高度共识.冷泉港亚洲\"泛素家族、自噬与疾病\"苏州会议是由美国冷泉港实验室主办、两年一度、面向全球的英文会议.该会议在海内外华人学者中具有广泛影响,因此,参会华人学者的意见具有一定的代表性.本文介绍了10个类别的类泛素蛋白的中文命名,系统总结了它们的结构特点,并比较了参与各种类泛素化修饰的酶和它们的生物学功能.文章由45名从事该领域研究的专家合作撰写,其中包括中国工程院院士1名,相关学者4名,长江学者3名,国家杰出青年科学基金获得者18名和美国知名高校华人教授4名.他们绝大多数是参加编写即将由科学出版社出版的专著《泛素家族介导的蛋白质降解和细胞自噬》的专家

Nonexistence of Weak Solutions for a Fractional Differential Equation

研究了下面带有初值条件的分数阶微分方程d1+αu-Δu+(-Δγ)/2 dβu=|u|P的柯西问题.其中P>1,-11,-1<α<1,0<r≤2 and 0<β<2.Nonexistence results and necessary conditions for local and global existence are established by means of the test-function method.These results improve and extend previous works.国家自然科学基金项目(10976026