The effect of boundedness on reading Chinese words across primary grades

"A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Bachelor of Science (Speech and Hearing Sciences), The University of Hong Kong, June 30, 2010."Thesis (B.Sc)--University of Hong Kong, 2010.Includes bibliographical references (p. 30-31).This study was to investigate the effect of boundedness on reading Chinese words across primary grades in Hong Kong. Morphological awareness is crucial for complex word learning, in which meanings of morphemes are interpreted and stored. As bound morphemes cannot stand-alone as independent words and they always appear as constituent characters in complex words, their meanings may not be able to be directly accessible and could only be accessed when the morphemes are encountered in several complex words with related meanings. Therefore, increase in language exposure was hypothesized to allow a person to retrieve meanings of bound morphemes and store them as individual words. This was investigated by lexical decision task, reading aloud of complex words and reading aloud of constituent morphemes in the present study. Results of t-tests showed that there was effect of boundedness on accuracy rate in reading aloud complex words and constituent morphemes, but not in lexical decision task. Implications of the findings on the development of word reading would be discussed. Mental representations of morpheme meanings became clearer in higher grades for both bound and free morphemes due to increased language exposure.published_or_final_versionSpeech and Hearing SciencesBachelorBachelor of Science in Speech and Hearing Science

The effect of boundedness on reading Chinese words across primary grades

"A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Bachelor of Science (Speech and Hearing Sciences), The University of Hong Kong, June 30, 2010."Thesis (B.Sc)--University of Hong Kong, 2010.Includes bibliographical references (p. 30-31).This study was to investigate the effect of boundedness on reading Chinese words across primary grades in Hong Kong. Morphological awareness is crucial for complex word learning, in which meanings of morphemes are interpreted and stored. As bound morphemes cannot stand-alone as independent words and they always appear as constituent characters in complex words, their meanings may not be able to be directly accessible and could only be accessed when the morphemes are encountered in several complex words with related meanings. Therefore, increase in language exposure was hypothesized to allow a person to retrieve meanings of bound morphemes and store them as individual words. This was investigated by lexical decision task, reading aloud of complex words and reading aloud of constituent morphemes in the present study. Results of t-tests showed that there was effect of boundedness on accuracy rate in reading aloud complex words and constituent morphemes, but not in lexical decision task. Implications of the findings on the development of word reading would be discussed. Mental representations of morpheme meanings became clearer in higher grades for both bound and free morphemes due to increased language exposure.published_or_final_versionSpeech and Hearing SciencesBachelorBachelor of Science in Speech and Hearing Science

Emotion and culture of eye-metaphors in Mandarin, Spanish and German

This study attempts to give a cognitive semantic study of eye expressions (EEs) in Chinese, Spanish and German. The majority of the data are collected from corpora and dictionaries. The research questions are: (1) Is the BODY IS STATIC hypothesis proposed by Hsieh and Lu (2012) valid? (2) Do the verbs in EEs showing emotions suggest something? And, (3) what cultural aspects do the EEs in three languages involve? The results show that the analysis of semantic molecules and tenors of the EEs confirm the validity of BODY IS STATIC hypothesis. The verbs of the EEs play an important role in expressing emotion. The verbs that are inherited for other body parts, such as for hand, mouth, are extended to the sight domain and assist such emotion communication effectively. Bodily experiences work in linguistic as a whole as well. Finally, cultural aspects of social behavior and social communication in the specific social groups are shown. They are all revealed through a cross-cultural linguistic comparison

NETSTARS 模式加入橋墩沖刷功能之研究─以八掌溪為例

This study applies NETSTARS V3.0 by adding the calculation functions of eighteen pier scour formulas based on a comprehensive literature review to demonstrate local scour mechanisms. The study area is a reach of the Pachang Creek from the Housheng Bridge to the Chukou Bridge. We do not set the structures and weirs in the river to be scoured. Simulations are conducted by setting boundary conditions and importing information about nineteen bridges, and validations are separated into two steps as: general scouring and bridge local scouring. The best parameters are qualified by computing error evaluated parameter to fit the changing tendencies of the Pachang Creek. Finally, long-term riverbed evolution is simulated. The results show that there are 5 bridges with erosion trends. The results can be used as a reference for one-dimensional numerical models with pier scouring functions.本研究以NETSTARS V3.0 功能為基礎，根據橋墩沖刷研究，撰寫橋墩沖刷功能並新增18 個常用的橋墩沖刷公式於模式中。研究區域為八掌溪厚生橋至觸口橋河段。在輸砂模式建置上，將結構物設定為不可沖刷，並輸入邊界條件與現有19 座橋樑資訊，完成一般沖刷與局部沖刷階段之參數檢定，並利用誤差評估參數檢視最佳參數以反應八掌溪流域河床變遷趨勢。最後對未來十年河床沖淤進行預測，推測有沖刷趨勢的橋樑共5 座，研究成果可作為一維數值模式新增橋墩沖刷功能之參考