含氨尾气净化工艺研究进展

近年来，NH_3尾气排放引起的环境问题日益受到人们的关注，作为碱性有毒气体，不仅会对环境造成危害，还对人们的身体健康造成损害。同时，国家排放标准日益严格，对含NH_3尾气的深度净化处理提出更高要求。重点讨论了吸收法、生物过滤法、催化法、吸附法和膜分离法等处理方法，对各工艺含NH_3尾气分离过程进行研究，并分析了过程模拟方法在离子液体NH_3分离方面的应用。依据当前的研究现状，展望了含NH_3尾气净化工艺研究的发展趋势

The Improvement of Cultural Practice for Sweet Potato production

影響甘藷產量及品質的因子，可分為人為和自然因子兩類，人為因子為品種、栽培技術及輪作制度。自然因子為氣候、土壤生產力和肥力等。選用適地適作已經推廣栽培的優良品種，並針對該優良品種的特性，配合適當的栽培管理方法，如採用優良藷苗、適當插植時期和方法、合理的種植密度、適量適時的施肥、適度適時的灌溉，適時防治病蟲害及適時培土等，這些都是提高甘藷質和量生產的重要條件。目前由於農村耕作勞力的不足，運用現有可行的適當農機具，使生產過程中重要的栽培作業，達到機械化，也是增加生產利益的重要工作，在計畫生產時，必須注意不同季節和不同用途之產品市場的需求情形，做好產期調節，才能達成生產的好處。甘藷有良好的營養價值，然而如何使其生產和利用相互結合，是應加以重視的問題。 Factors affecting the yield and quality of sweet potato can be classified into two groups; those factors originated from the nature include climate, soil productivety and fertility, and the prevalence of insects and diseases. Impacts from the human beings include varietal performance, cultural practices, and other measures such as capital investment and consumers¡¦ preference. The enhancement in yield and quality of any crop can be achieved by developing varieties capable of matching the environmental conditions under appropriate cultural practices. For sweet potato, major concerns related to cultural practices include the selection of high quality vine cuttings and the optimum decision in planting time, planting method, planting density, fertilization, irrigation, soil banking, and insect and disease management. Due to the shortage of farm labor, the development of mechanization, especially for planting and harvesting, is also essential to the successful production of sweet potato. In order to increase farmers’ profit, the adjustment of harvest time to meet market demand should be considered. Sweet potato is a better diet as compared to rice in terms of its higher nutritional value and dietary fiber content and lower calorie content. Studies are needed to expand its utilization and to develop modern processing techniques in order to facilitate the production of this important food crop