Soil Heavy Metal Pollution and Ecological Restoration in the Abandoned Land of Tungsten/Stannum Mine in Shuiyanba,Guangxi

为探明广西水岩坝钨锡矿废弃地重金属污染的基本情况,寻求合适的生态修复方法,对尾矿库区废弃地、周边土壤以及植物进行大面积的抽样调查。结果表明:尾矿库区废弃地和周边土壤重金属镉和砷严重超标,尾矿库区土壤成为一个潜在的污染源,重金属不断向周边土壤迁移扩散。芥菜的生物富集系数较大,类似的植物不适宜作为土地复垦植物,玉米的生物富集系数最小,适宜在污染相对较小的土地复垦中选用。尾矿库区土壤重金属污染相当严重,农作物的重金属含量高,不适宜进行简单的土地复垦而应该进行植物恢复或采取工程措施防止水土流失和重金属迁移扩散。The soil heavy metal pollution in the abandoned land of tungsten/stannum mines was determined by surveying the abandoned land,surrounding soil and plants in the tailing pond to explore the suitable biological restoration method.The results showed that the soil in the tailing pond became a potential pollution source because Cd and As content in the abandoned land and surrounding soil was serious excessive,which insulted in transferring and diffusing of heavy metals towards surrounding soils continuously.The mustard-like plants with a high biological concentration coefficient could be used as the suitable plants for land reclamation but maize with a low biological concentration coefficient could be used as the suitable plant for land reclamation with relative little pollution.As the heavy metal content in crops planted in the soils of the tailing pond with serious heavy metal pollution was so high,the vegetation restoration and project measures should be used to control soil erosion,transferring and diffusing of heavy metals in the tailing pond.广西科技厅广西环境工程与保护评价重点实验室研究基金资助“农田重金属污染植物修复技术构建研究”(桂科能0704K029

三种室内饲养鱼类肠道微生物群落PCR-DGGE指纹分析

以室内饲养的斑点叉尾(Ictalurus punctatus)、银鲫和异育银鲫(中科三号)(Carassius auratus gibelio)幼鱼为对象,通过PCR-DGGE指纹技术对其肠道微生物群落进行了探索研究。在三种鱼的肠道中检测到不同的PCR-DGGE指纹谱带,其中斑点叉尾的平均谱带数(7.5)相对于银鲫和异育银鲫的谱带数(分别为15和14)要少。基于PCR-DGGE指纹谱带及各谱带相对丰度的UPGMA聚类和MDS排序结果显示银鲫和异育银鲫肠道微生物相似性高,而与斑点叉尾的差异比较大;rank-abundance散点图及回归分析也显示斑点叉尾与银鲫、异育银鲫肠道微生物群落存在显著差异(P<0.05),而银鲫和异育银鲫之间无显著差异(P=0.383)。在斑点叉尾肠道中检测到的菌群主要是变形杆菌,包括γ-变形杆菌和α-变形杆菌;而银鲫和异育银鲫肠道中菌群主要包括梭杆菌属中的类群,还包括变形杆菌门中的气单胞菌属,以及一些未知的类群。以上结果均表明在所研究的三种鱼的幼鱼阶段,其肠道微生物组成在不同种类鱼中存在差异,且该差异受基因型的影响可能更大

Levels and distributions of parabens in sediments from typical tidal estuarine zones in China

In order to investigate the levels and distributions of parabens in the sediments from typical tidal estuarine zones in China, six paraben analogues, methyl-(MeP), ethyl-(EtP), propyl-(PrP), butyl-(BuP), benzyl-(BzP) and heptyl parabens(HepP) were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). The results showed that the total concentration (sum of six parabens:∑parabens) of parabens in the sediment samples ranged from 2.20 to 24.5 ng·g-1, with a geometric mean value of 8.11 ng·g-1. That was slightly higher than those reported from the United States (4.93 ng·g-1), Japan (5.78 ng·g-1) and South Korea (6.46 ng·g-1). MeP was the predominant compound among the six paraben analogues (detection rate:100%, percent contribution:79.9%), followed by PrP (91%, 17.7%). Nevertheless, BuP and HepP were not found in any sediment samples. The total concentration of parabens in the sediments from Jiulong Estuary was the highest (geometric mean ∑parabens:14.6 ng·g-1), while that from Beidai River Estuary was the lowest (4.34 ng·g-1). Principal component analysis suggests the similar source of parabens in the sediment samples from tidal estuarine zones in China

桂东北钨锡矿废弃地重金属污染类型及砷形态研究

作者简介：吴桂容（1970-），女，在职博士生，副教授，E-mail:[email protected]桂东北水岩坝曾是全国有名的钨锡矿集散地,矿产的停采带来大面积的废弃地,废弃地的治理成为当地面临的重要问题。为了确定废弃地重金属污染的类型,采取针对性的治理方法,对尾矿库区废弃地进行布点取样调查。结果发现,尾矿库区废弃地重金属砷严重超标,存在非常严重的生态风险,砷形态主要集中在生物有效性强的易溶态和铝结合态。尾矿库区废弃地成为一个潜在的重金属污染源,重金属砷污染治理显得尤为紧迫和必要。广西环境工程与保护评价重点实验室研究基金(桂科能0704K029