Community of benthic macrofauna on sandy intertidal zone in Chinese Horseshoe Crab Reserve in Pingtan island,China

2015年7月底,在平潭岛中国鲎(Tachypleus; tridentatus)保护区沙质潮间带进行了大型底栖动物调查。结果表明,在山岐澳和坛南湾沙质潮间带未发现鲎的幼体和成体,证实中国鲎在山岐澳和坛; 南湾已经面临濒危的境况。山岐澳潮间带的大型底栖动物物种数、物种多样性指数(H')、均匀度指数(J)和丰度指数(d)均高于坛南湾潮间带的大型底栖动; 物物种数、物种多样性指数、均匀度指数和丰度指数,而山岐澳潮间带的大型底栖动物栖息密度和生物量低于坛南湾潮间带的大型底栖动物栖息密度和生物量。两个; 海湾大型底栖动物群落的差异与肋(虫昌)螺(Umbonium; costatum)分布有关,坛南湾潮间带栖息着高密度的肋虫昌螺,而在山岐澳潮间带肋(虫昌)螺很少。AZTI's海洋生物指数(AMBI)和多变量海; 洋底栖生物指数(M-AMBI)值证实山歧澳和坛南湾沙质潮间带生态环境均属于受轻度扰动状态。山岐澳主要受海水养殖的影响,吊养的生物和浮筒减缓了水动; 力,导致山岐澳潮间带低洼区表层为泥质沉积物。坛南湾是旅游区,潮间带受人为踩踏较多。At the end of July 2015 , the benthic macrofauna were investigated in; sandy intertidal zone in Chinese Horseshoe Crab Reserve in Pingtan; island. The results showed that both the larvae and adult of Chinese; horseshoe crab were not found in sandy intertidal zone in Shanqi bay and; Tannan bay. It was confirmed that Tachypleus tridentatus stayed in an; endangered situation in the two bays. The species number, species; diversity index (H'),evenness index (J) and a-bundance index (d) of; benthic macrofauna in Shanqi bay were all higher than those in Tannan; bay,while the density and biomass of benthic macrofauna in the; intertidal zone of Shanqi bay were lower than those in Tannan bay. The; difference of benthic macrofaunal community between Shanqi bay and; Tannan bay was related to the distribution of Umbonium costatum . The; density of Umbonium costatum was high in Tannan bay,but it was few in; Shanqi bay. The values of AZTI' s Marine Biotic Index ( AMBI) and; Multivariate Marine Benthic Index (M-AMBI) showed that the ecological; and environmental status both in Shanqi bay and Tannan bay were slightly; disturbed. The mariculture was the key factor in Shanqi bay,because the; suspending aquatic organisms and floats retarded hydrodynamic force led; to muddy sediment in lower intertidal zone in Shanqi bay. Tannan bay is; a tourism region, where has more artificial tread than Shanqi bay.海洋公益项目; 国家自然科学基金面上项目; 厦门大学2015年大创资助项

Functional groups of benthic macrofauna in the 14th Yong intertidal zone of Nansha,Guangzhou

大型底栖动物根据食性可分为浮游生物食者(planktophagous,Pl)、植食者(phytophagous,Ph)、肉食者(carnivorous,C)、杂食者(omnivorous,O)和碎屑食者(detritivorous,D)五个功能群。本文根据2007–2008年度和2013–2014年度在茳芏(Cyperus malaccensis)、海桑(Sonneratia caseolaris)2种生境调查获得的各4个季度的大型底栖动物数据,分析了广州南沙十四涌潮间带大型底栖动物功能群的生境差异、季节变化和年际变化。2007–2008年度采集到26种大型底栖动物,低于2013–2014年度的36种。无论是2007–2008年度还是2013–2014年度,茳芏、海桑生境的大型底栖动物均以植食者的栖息密度和生物量最高,碎屑食者的栖息密度和生物量最低。生境比较得出,茳芏生境大型底栖动物浮游生物食者(Pl)的丰富度指数(d)、均匀度指数(J)和多样性指数(H')均高于海桑生境。年度比较得出,在茳芏和海桑生境,2013–2014年度浮游生物食者的丰富度指数、均匀度指数和多样性指数均高于2007–2008年度,这是因为2013–2014年度采集到红树蚬(Gelonia coaxans)和彩虹明樱蛤(Morerlla iridescens)等,而2007–2008年度没有采集到。Benthic macrofauna were classified into 5 functional groups,i.e.planktophagous(Pl),phytophagous(Ph),carnivorous(C),omnivorous(O) and detritivorous(D).The biotope difference,seasonal and annual variations of functional group of benthic macrofauna in the intertidal zone of the 14 th Yong of Nansha,Guangzhou were analyzed in this study according to the four seasonal data of benthic macrofauna collected in two biotopes(Cyperus malaccensis and Sonneratia caseolaris) in 2007–2008 and 2013–2014.A total of 26 species were recorded in 2007–2008,which was lower than 36 species in 2013–2014.Both in 2007–2008 and 2013–2014,phytophagous group showed the highest value while detritivorous group shared the lowest one in density and biomass.Habitat comparison showed that the abundance index(d),evenness index(J) and diversity index(H') of planktophagous group in Cyperus malaccensis habitat were all higher than those in Sonneratia caseolaris habitat.Annual comparison showed that the abundance index,evenness index and diversity index of planktophagous group in 2013–2014 were all higher than those in 2007 –2008 both in Cyperus malaccensis and Sonneratia caseolaris habitats because the planktophagous such as Gelonia coaxans and Morerlla iridescens and so on were collected in 2013–2014 but they were not found in 2007–2008.国家自然科学基金(41176089和41376113

Compass三维剂量验证系统在鼻咽癌容积旋转调强放射治疗计划剂量验证中的应用

目的:探讨Compass三维剂量验证系统在鼻咽癌容积旋转调强放射治疗(VMAT)计划剂量验证中产生的剂量差异,并分析其原因。方法:选取17例鼻咽癌患者,在Monaco上制定VMAT计划并将其传至Compass,运用Compass自身计算的剂量(CD)和通过实测重建的剂量(RD)两种方法验证靶区和危及器官(OAR)的γ通过率、D1%、D99%、Dmean等参数。结果:治疗计划系统(TPS)-CD的所有γ通过率均>97.5%,TPS-RD的所有γ通过率均>95.0%,且TPS-CD的每一个γ通过率均大于TPS-RD中对应的γ通过率,两者靶区的γ通过率比较差异有统计学意义(t=2.110,t=2.749,t=2.489,t=2.687,t=2.798,t=2.881,t=2.921;P<0.05),但两者在OAR比较则无统计学意义。TPS-RD的靶区D1%、Dmean及D99%的三项指标绝对剂量差均<200 cGy,百分差<2.5%,且这三项指标在TPS和RD之间的差异均无统计学意义;左右晶状体的三项指标的剂量在TPS和RD之间的差异均有明显统计学意义(t=4.328,t=4.658,t=4.210,t=4.511,t=4.896,t=5.241;P<0.05);脊髓、脑干、左右腮腺等OAR的D99%在TPS和RD之间的差异有统计学意义(t=4.018,t=4.035,t=3.646,t=4.112;P<0.05),Dmean和D1%在TPS和RD之间的差异均无统计学意义。结论:Compass三维剂量验证系统在VMAT计划剂量验证中可直观、快速的分析出靶区和OAR的理论和实际照射剂量差异,为剂量的精准实施提供数据支持

机电起竖装置铰链位置及输出速度优化研究

为实现机电作动系统快速起竖，揭示了起竖装置中铰链安装位置、系统输出速度对其输出瞬时功率、输出合力的影响规律，优化研究了机电起竖装置铰链位置及系统输出速度。分别对负载和机电作动系统建立了动力学模型，探究了机电作动系统不同输出速度以及铰链位置与其输出瞬时功率及合力的关系；针对不同铰链安装位置和机电作动系统输出速度，采用遗传算法对其进行了优化分析，得到铰链位置及输出速度最佳匹配关系，提高了起竖装置工作效率，使得整个装置空间布局最优，安装空间最紧凑

Preparation and Characterization of Chitosan/Silica Hybrid Film Immobilizing Horseradish Peroxidase

利用生物相容性良好的天然高分子聚合物壳聚糖(CS)与四乙氧基硅烷(TEOS)通过原位溶胶-凝胶法制备壳聚糖／二氧化硅有机无机杂化复合膜,用杂化膜对辣根过氧化酶进行固定,用红外光谱法、扫描电镜法对膜进行了表征。以金电极和固定化酶膜构建过氧化氢生物传感器,并用循环伏安法和计时电流法对传感器的特性进行了研究。结果表明,用于研制固定化酶生物传感器时,杂化膜不仅对底物的响应时间快(小于10s),而且能较好地保持酶的催化活性。求得酶促催化反应的表观米氏常数为0.87mmol／L。Abstract :A new type of organic -inorganic hybrid film was prepared by in_si tu sol -gel with natural polymer chitosan(CS)with good biocompatibili ty and tetraethyl orthosilicate(TEOS), and characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR)and scanning electron microscope(SEM).The hybrid film was used to immobilize horseradish peroxidase(HRP)on the surface of a gold electrode to construct a hydrogen peroxide biosensor whose performance was investigated by cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry .The results show that the biosensor fabricated with hybrid film has a fast response time for substrate(less than 10 s)and a good ability retaining the activity of enzymes .The apparent Michaelis-Menten constant was found to be 0.87mmol/L.广东省自然科学基金资助项目(011105;031577);广西壮族自治区自然科学基金资助项目(0141037;0342018);湖南大学化学生物传感与计量学国家重点实验室开放基金资助项目(2003

Comparison of Benthic Macrofauna Communities between Kandelia obovata Mangrove and Spartina alterniflora Marsh in the Intertidal Zone of Ximen Island in Autumn

为了探讨潮间带密秋茄树生境（树冠覆盖率高于90％）、疏秋茄树生境（树冠覆盖率低于50％）和互花米草生境之间大型底栖动物群落的差异性，2015年11月在浙江西门岛潮间带的秋茄树和互花米草生境进行了大型底栖动物定量取样．结果表明：密秋茄树和疏秋茄树生境大型底栖动物群落的物种数、生物量、多样性指数（H’）、均匀度指数（J）、丰度指数（d）和多变量海洋底栖生物指数（M-AMBI）高于互花米草生境，而秋茄树生境的大型底栖动物群落的栖息密度和海洋底栖生物指数（AMBI）低于互花米草生境．单变量单因素方差分析表明：3种生境之间大型底栖动物生物量差异有统计学意义，这与黑口滨螺（Littoraria melanostoma）的生物量有关．在密秋茄树生境未采集到黑口滨螺，在疏秋茄树生境黑口滨螺生物量低，而在互花米草生境有较高的生物量．此外，密秋茄树和疏秋茄树生境的可口革囊星虫（Phascolosoma arcuatum）、短拟沼螺（Assiminea brevicula）和光滑河蓝蛤（Potamocorbula laevis）的平均栖息密度和生物量均高于互花米草生境的，但密秋茄树和疏秋茄树生境的日本稚齿虫（Prionospio japonica）、沙蚕（Nereis sp．）和黑口滨螺的平均栖息密度和生物量则低于互花米草的．疏秋茄树生境的珠带拟蟹守螺（Cerithidea cingulata）栖息密度和生物量高于密秋茄树和互花米草生境的．上述结果证实潮间带存在大型底栖动物群落的多样性．The quantitative investigation was conducted on November 2015 in Zhejiang Ximen Island in- tertidal zone to compare benthic macrofaunal communities among the dense Kandelia obovata forest （the canopy coverage is more than 90%）,the sparse Kandelia obovata forest （the canopy coverage is less than 50% ） and the Spartina alterniflora marsh. The results showed that the species number, bio- mass,diversity index （H＇ ）, evenness index （J）, abundance index （d） and multivariate marine biotic index （M-AMBI） of benthic maerofauna communities both in the dense and sparse Kandelia obovata forests were all higher than those in the Spartina alterniflora marsh, while the density and marine bi- otic index （AMBI） of benthic macrofauna communities were lower than those in the Spartina alterni- flora marsh. One-way ANOVA showed that there were significantly differences of benthic macrofauna biomass among three habitats,which was related to the biomass of Littoraria melanostoma.Littoraria melanostoma was not found in the dense Kandelia obovata forest and the biomass of Littoraria mela- nostoma was low in the sparse Kandelia obovata forest and high in the Spartina alterniflora marsh. Moreover,the average density and biomass of Phascolosoma esculenta ,Assiminea brevicula and Pota- mocorbula laevis both in the dense and sparse Kandelia obovata forest were higher than those in the Spartina alterniflora marsh.The average densities and biomass of Prionospio japonica ,Nereis sp. and Littoraria melanostoma in the dense and sparse Kandelia obovata forest were lower than those in the Spartina alterniflora marsh.It is obvious that there are significantly differences of benthic macrofaunal communities among three habitats.Cerithidea cingulata and Assiminea brevicula are not in favor of the dense Kandelia obovata and the Spartina alterniflora habitats.国家自然科学基金面上项目（41376113）;海洋公益项目（201305030-6