Informations of Cr Plating in Trivalent Chromium Electrolytes

Cr(Ⅵ)对环境和人体健康有严重的危害,因此,促进了三价铬镀铬研究的发展。三价铬镀铬与Cr(Ⅵ)镀铬相比,具有很多优点。但是,三价铬镀铬要广泛应用,仍需要解决一些问题如镀液成分复杂、工艺难以维护和控制、阳极选择困难、镀层难以增厚及镀层色泽不够理想等。简要回顾了三价铬镀铬的发展历程,介绍了目前三价铬镀铬存在的问题,并着重论述了解决问题的途径和未来的发展方向。Traditional chromium electroplating is carried out in a plating bath containing hexavalent chromium.Hexavalent chromium is very harmful to environment and human health,therefore,research on trivalent chromium plating has been promoted.Comparing with hexavalent chromium plating,trivalent chromium plating has a lot of advantages.Whereas,there are still some problems need to be solved for wide application of trivalent chromium plating,such as that the bath composition is complicated,the plating process is difficult to maintain and control,it is hard to select anode and not easy to thicken coating,surface appearance of coating is not perfect enough,etc.This paper reviews the development of trivalent chromium plating,introduces the current existing problems,and discusses the solutions of the problems and future developing trends.福建省科技计划重点项目(2008H0086);国家基础科学人才培养基金项目(J0630429

Information for Non-cyanide Copper Plating

介绍了无氰镀铜工艺,包括预镀镍、酸性预镀铜、浸铜、焦磷酸盐镀铜、HEdP和有机膦酸多元络合镀铜、乙二胺镀铜、EdTA镀铜、一价铜镀铜和柠檬酸盐-酒石酸盐镀铜等工艺,介绍了各种预镀铜工艺的特点;阐述了柠檬酸盐-酒石酸盐镀铜需要考虑和解决的问题。Information for non-cyanide copper plating processes,including nickel pre-plating,acidic copper pre-plating,copper immersion,pyrophosphate copper plating,HEDP(1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid) bath copper plating,ethylenediamine bath copper plating,EDTA bath copper plating,cuprous ions bath copper plating and citrate/tartrate bath copper plating,were introduced,and characteristics of the above processes were stated.Problems need to be considered and solved in citrate/tartrate bath copper plating were also proposed.国家自然科学基金项目(No.21021002); 国家重点基础研究发展计划(No.2009CB930703)资助; 福建省科技计划创新资金项目(闽科计[2013]14号); 福建省经贸委企业技术创新专项资金(闽经贸计财[2011]702号

新型钢铁无氰镀铜工艺及其应用

在第一代钢铁无氰镀铜工艺的基础上,开发出第二代无氰碱性镀铜新工艺,成功地解决了镀液的稳定性问题。镀液的基础配方和工艺条件为:CuSO_4·5H_2O25.0g/L,C_6H_5O_7K_3·H2O0.2mol/L,辅助配位剂0.05mol/L,稳定剂0.2mol/L,活化剂0.02mol/L,H3BO330g/L,KOH20g/L,添加剂10mL/L,温度45°C,pH8.8~9.2,电流密度1.0~1.5A/dm2,阳极为电解铜。在新工艺镀液中引入一价铜稳定剂和活化离子,保证了其稳定应用。通过赫尔槽和挂镀试验研究了镀液组分和工艺条件对镀层性能和电流效率的影响,以及镀液的抗杂质能力。结果表明,在本工艺条件下,所得镀层性能良好,电流效率高于90%,镀液的抗杂质性能优良。本工艺适用于钢铁、铜合金预镀铜。经数月的连续生产,镀液保持稳定,产品结合力合格

硫酸盐三价铬镀液中次磷酸钠浓度对不锈钢阳极电化学溶出的抑制作用

为了进一步完善以316不锈钢为阳极的硫酸盐三价铬镀铬新工艺,考察了镀液中次磷酸钠等对316不锈钢阳极电化学溶出的抑制作用。利用Hull槽试验、能量射散谱(EDS)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)研究了次磷酸钠浓度对镀层外观、组分和表面形貌的影响。结果表明,次磷酸钠可以有效地抑制316不锈钢阳极的电化学溶出:当其浓度为0.020 mol/L时,316不锈钢阳极的电化学溶出量由无次磷酸钠时的116.7 mg/(A.h)下降到13.1mg/(A.h);浓度低于0.040 mol/L时,Hull试样外观没有变化;浓度低于0.060 mol/L时,镀层表面形貌无明显变化;镀层中含磷量随次磷酸钠浓度的提高而逐渐增加

A Novel Process for Trivalent Chromium Plating in Sulfate Bath

杨防祖,男,副教授,电话:0592-2181436, E-mail：[email protected][中文文摘]已有的硫酸盐三价铬镀铬,镀液稳定性、抗杂质能力和工艺可操作性较差,阳极制作复杂,价格昂贵。开发出一种以不锈钢片为阳极的硫酸盐三价铬镀铬新工艺,探讨了电流密度、温度、pH值、主盐浓度等因素对电流效率的影响。研究表明:镀液温度为35～50℃,pH值为3.0～4.5,电流密度为1.5～5.5A/dm2,电镀时间在3～5min时,能得到光亮且结合牢固的镀层;电流效率可达30%左右;霍尔槽阴极镀层覆盖长达10cm;分散能力达到60%左右;镀液抗杂质性能好;pH值升高到6.5再回调至正常范围后,镀液仍可以使用。该工艺有效克服了目前硫酸盐三价铬镀铬的缺点,应用前景广阔。[英文文摘]A novel process for trivalent chromium plating in sulfate bath was developed using stainless steel as the anode.The effects of current density,temperature,pH value and concentration of main salt on current efficiency were studied.It was found that bright coating with good adhesion to substrate could be obtained at a bath temperature of 35～50℃,pH value of 3.0 ～ 4.5 ,current density of 1.5～5.5 A/dm2 and plating time of 3～5 min.Corresponding current efficiency was about 30%.Besides,the coating coverage ...福建省科技计划重点项目(2008H0086);国家自然科学基金项目(20873114);福建省产业技术开发项目(闽发改高技[2010]299号

Study on corrosion resistance and chroma of the deposit from sulfate trivalent chromium plating bath

以厦门大学研发的XTC-硫酸盐三价铬镀铬工艺进行中试试验,利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EdS)和CM-2600dlAb值测试仪分别对镀层的表面形貌、组分和色度进行表征,考察了电流密度和导电盐浓度对镀层抗腐蚀能力和色度的影响。结果表明,镀件外观均匀一致,色度白亮、略偏黄;镀层形貌平整、致密,为微裂纹结构;当电流密度为3~6A/dM2,导电盐质量浓度为170g/l时,所得镀层能够通过CASS16H测试。A pilot-scale test for XTC-sulfate trivalent chromium electroplating process developed by Xiamen University was carried out.The surface morphology,composition and chroma of the deposit were characterized by scanning electron microscope(SEM),energy-dispersive spectrometer(EDS) and CM-2600d Lab values tester.The effects of current density and concentration of conductive salt on the corrosion resistance and chroma of deposit were studied.The results indicated that the deposit features a uniform,bright and white appearance with a bit yellowish color,as well as a level and compact morphology with a micro-crack structure.The deposit prepared with conductive salt 170 g/L at current density 3-6 A/dm2 can pass 16-h CASS test.福建省产业技术开发项目(闽发改高技[2010]299号);福建省科技计划重点项目(2008H0086