商事争端的法律与非法律途径的选择

在经济现代化的今天,伴随着商事活动的日益增加,相应产生的商事争端问题地开始慢慢凸显。本文主要介绍了中国商主体对于经济交往中产生的商事争端采取的两种主要解决途径,即法律途径和非法律途径。这两种途径因其各自具备的特点使商主体做出相应的选择

铜闪速熔炼过程能效优化模型研究

随着计算机技术的发展,复杂工业过程中积累了大量生产数据,为我们从人工智能的角度进行建模与优化控制提供了数据基础。为了实现铜闪速熔炼过程中的节能减耗,本文提出了一种满足三大工艺指标(冰铜品位,冰铜温度,渣中铁硅比)约束的能效优化模型:首先,我们用最小二乘支持向量机对历史数据进行训练得到三大指标预测模型;然后,我们给出优化数学模型并以三大工艺指标为约束,用改进的粒子群优化算法对能源设定值进行优化。实际结果表明该优化模型能够准确预测工艺指标并实现了一定的节能减耗,对铜闪速熔炼过程的能效优化控制具有一定的指导意义

Quantitative determination of arachidonic acid from microbial oil by gas chromatography

建立了快速、灵敏测定微生物油脂中花生四烯酸(AA)含量的气相色谱法(gC)。采用HP-InnOWAX毛细管柱,氢火焰离子化检测器(fId),优化了分析花生四烯酸酯化产物的色谱条件。结果表明:花生四烯酸甲酯(AA-ME)在0~1.00 Mg/Ml范围内具有较好线性,相关系数为0.999 6,检测限为0.000 5 Mg/Ml,相对标准偏差(rSd)为1.49%,回收率在95.86%~105.32%;花生四烯酸乙酯(AA-EE)在0~1.23 Mg/Ml范围内线性良好,相关系数为0.999 9,检测限为0.003 0 Mg/Ml,rSd为0.60%,回收率在97.79%~103.61%。A gas chromatography(GC) method for the determination of arachidonic acid(AA) in microbial oil was developed.Capillary column HP-INNOWAX with FID was used for detection.The parameters for analyzing esterfied AA were optimized and the method established was proved to be accurate and precise.The linearity range for methyl arachidonate was 0-1.00 mg/mL and the linear correlation coefficient was 0.999 6,the detection limit was 0.000 5 mg/mL,the relative standard deviation(RSD)was 1.49% and the recovery rate was 95.86%-105.32%.The linearity range for ethyl arachidonate was 0-1.23 mg/mL and the linear correlation coefficient was 0.999 9,the detection limit was 0.003 0 mg/mL,the RSD was 0.60% and the recovery rate was 97.79%-103.61%.厦门海洋研究开发院共建项

聚烯烃弹性体与低密度聚乙烯共混高弹发泡地垫的研究

利用聚烯烃弹性体POE改善聚乙烯地垫的高弹性。研究添加不同质量分数的POE以及不同质量的填料形成的地垫的硬度及其他力学性能。结果表明添加50%质量分数的POE和2kg填料形成的聚乙烯地垫有较佳的高弹性和性价比。其测试性能如下:邵氏A硬度21.7°,断裂伸长率204%,回弹系数42%。2017年度江苏升级工业和信息产业转型升级专项资

具有特征波长的少模光纤特性及传感应用

介绍了一种特殊设计的少模光纤及由少模光纤构成的单模光纤-少模光纤-单模光纤(SFS)传感结构。在对轴激发条件下,少模光纤芯子中仅有基模LP01和第一圆对称高阶模LP02传输,且SFS结构的传输光谱在工作波长范围内有一个特征波长。在特征波长附近相邻两个干涉峰间的波长间距达到最大,且在特征波长处干涉仪的输出光强不随波长变化,这使得特征波长在光谱中唯一且容易识别。理论和实验研究了SFS结构传输光谱的特征波长及其两边干涉条纹随轴向应变、温度、弯曲、液体折射率的传感特性,并将SFS结构用于轴向应变、温度、弯曲、位移、外界折射率和相对湿度的大范围、高灵敏度、多参量同时检测,为解决常规干涉仪存在的测量范围小、输出多值性等问题提供解决方案。国家自然科学基金(61775186)福建省高校产学合作科技重大项目(2014H6027)厦门海洋渔业局科技项目(16CZB025SF03)泉州科学技术局项目(2015G32

Medication rules in the treatment of digestive system neoplasms of WANG Yan-hui

目的:基于中医传承辅助平台软件,分析王彦晖教授治疗消化系统肿瘤的用药规律。方法:收集并筛选王教授于厦门燕来福国医堂治疗消化系统肿瘤病案,录入中医; 传承辅助平台软件,运用软件集成的数据分析方法,分析王教授治疗消化系统肿瘤的用药规律。结果:筛选出治疗消化系统肿瘤处方672首,分析得出其治疗消化; 系统肿瘤常用药物包括茯苓、陈皮、姜半夏、莪术、三棱、党参、白术、龙骨、牡蛎等,并演化出4首治疗消化系统肿瘤的新处方。结论:王教授治疗消化系统肿瘤; 以益气健脾、理气化痰、祛瘀散结为基本大法,扶正祛邪并重,同时根据闽南地区脾虚湿盛的致病特点重视健脾袪湿治法,并兼顾安神、止痛等治法以综合调理患者; 的机体状态。Objective: To study the medication rules in the treatment of digestive; system neoplasms of professor WANG Yan-hui using the traditional Chinese; medicine inheritance support system software (TCMISS, V2.5). Methods:; The prescriptions used by professor WANG Yan-hui in treating digestive; system neoplasms at the Yan-Lai-Fu Chinese Medicine Clinic were; collected as input data into TCMISS and were analyzed by software; integration method. Results: Totally of 672 prescriptions were selected; according to the collection standard in digestive system neoplasms; treatment. It was found that the most frequently used Chinese medicine; in these prescriptions including Tuckahoe, Pericarpium Citri; Reticulatae, Pinellia Tuber, Rhioxma Curcumae Aeruginosae, Rhizome of; Common Burreed, Root of Pilose Asiabell, Rhizome of Largehead; Atractylodes, Fossilizid, Oyster Shell, and so on. Furthermore, four new; prescriptions for treating digestive system neoplasms were created.; Conclusion: The core rules of professor WANG Yan-hui in treating; digestive system neoplasms were invigorating spleen and replenishing qi,; regulating qi-flowing for eliminating phlegm and dispelling stasis and; resolving hard mass, which means that strengthening vital qi and; eliminating pathogenic factor are equally emphasized in his; prescriptions. Besides, taking into consideration the climate; characteristics of the southern Fujian, professor WANG Yan-hui attaches; importance to invigorating spleen for eliminating dampness, combining; with tranquillization and relieving pain to treating patients; comprehensively.国家自然科学基金项目; 教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划; 福建省自然科学基金项目; 厦门市科技计划项

~1H-NMR Spectroscopy-based Metabonomic Research on Urine of Model Rats of Wilson's Disease

目的:以基于核磁共振(nuClEAr MAgnETIC rESOnAnCE,nMr)的代谢组学方法对WIlSOn病(WIlSOn'S dISEASE,Wd)铜负荷模型大鼠及正常对照组大鼠的尿液进行研究,分析模型大鼠尿液中代谢物的变化,继而从小分子层面探讨铜过量对机体的损伤机制,以更加清楚的认识本病。方法:28只雄性WISTAr大鼠,体重(180±20)g,随机被分为模型组(n=14)和健康对照组(n=14)。采用铜负荷法制作WIlSOn病大鼠模型,以nMr技术对大鼠尿液进行检测。采用MESTrE-C 2.3软件及自编软件对谱图进行手动调相、基线校正和谱峰对齐。对样品进行分段积分,将积分数据归一化后构成数据矩阵,并利用PCA方法对数据矩阵进行统计分析。结果:相对于正常对照组,模型组大鼠尿液醋酸盐(ACETATE)含量有显著升高,柠檬酸盐(CITrATE)、苯乙酰甘氨酸(PAg)、琥珀酸盐(SuCCInATE)、甲胺(METHylAMInE)、肌氨酸+肌氨酸酐(CrEATInE/CrEATInInE)、丙酮酸盐(PyruVATE)、二甲基甘氨酸(dMg)、丙氨酸(AlAnInE)含量有所升高,胆碱(CHOlInE)、牛磺酸(TAurInE)含量有所降低。这些发生改变的代谢物可能是潜在的Wd铜负荷小分子代谢标志物,可为进一步研究Wd的铜过量代谢机制提供参考。Objective :Applying 1H nuclear magnetic resonance(1H-NMR)based metabonomics to study the changes of small molecular metabolites in the urine of the model rats of Wilson's disease.To explore the pathogenesis of Wilson's disease in small molecular aspect.Methods :28 male Wistar rats[weight=(180±20) g] were divided into two groups randomly,the model group(n=14)and the control group(n=14),with the models established by copper-loaded method.Urine of the rats was tested with 1H-NMR technology.The spectra was edited with MestRe-C2.3 and self-programmed software and then principal component analysis(PCA)was applied to differentiate the two groups.Results :Acetate concentration was found to be significantly higher in the urine of the model group;citrate,PAG,succinate,methylamine,creatine/creatinine,pyruvate,DMG,and alanine were higher,and choline and taurine were lower in the urine of the model group.The small molecular metabolites mentioned above may contribute to the discrimination of the two groups,and provide references for further researches on the pathogenesis of WD.安徽省高校自然科学基金重点项目(KJ2012Z228); 安徽中医学院自然科学基金项目(2011ZR008B

Methyl Esterification of Arachidonic Acid in Microbial Oil

作者简介：董宏祯(1988 —)，男，硕士研究生，研究方向为天然产物化学。E-mail：[email protected] 通信作者：许建中(1954 —)，男，高级工程师，本科，研究方向为生物化工。E-mai l：[email protected][中文文摘]以微生物油脂为原料,对其中花生四烯酸的甲酯化方法进行筛选和优化。在确定合适的花生四烯酸甲酯化方法基础上,考察酯化温度、酯化时间、催化剂体积分数及搅拌转速对花生四烯酸酯化效果的影响。结果表明:酯化温度80℃、酯化时间8h、浓硫酸体积分数2.0%、转速400r/min时,花生四烯酸甲酯质量分数达到37.75%,产率达到91.54%。甲酯化后的花生四烯酸沸点较低,适用于分子蒸馏。[英文文摘]In order to maximize arachidonic acid methyl ester production,the methyl esterification of microbial oil was optimized with respect to temperature,reaction time,catalyst(concentrated sulfuric acid) dosage and agitation speed using one-factor-a-at-a-time combined with orthogonal array design method.The highest yield of 91.54% was achieved after 8 h of reaction at 80 ℃ and an agitation speed of 400 r/min under the catalysis of 2.0% concentrated sulfuric acid.The obtained product contained 37.75% arachidonic acid methyl ester and its boiling point was lower than before the reaction, facilitating molecular distillation.厦门海洋研究开发院共建项目; 福建省海洋与渔业厅科技重点项目([2009]2-10);厦门市科技计划项目(3502Z20112005);福建省2010年第二批产业技术开发项目(5012060403

Trisomy 21-induced Dysregulation of Microglial Homeostasis in Alzheimer’s Brains is Mediated by USP25

阿尔茨海默病（Alzheimer’s disease, AD）是一种最为常见的与记忆、认知能力退化相关的渐进性神经退行性疾病。唐氏综合征（Down’s syndrome, DS）是早发型阿尔茨海默病的一个重要风险因素，作为最常见的智力障碍遗传疾病，厦门大学医学院神经科学研究所王鑫教授团队揭示了治疗阿尔茨海默病和唐氏综合征新的治疗靶点，并且在小鼠模型上利用USP25小分子抑制剂成功地改善了阿尔茨海默病小鼠的认知功能，缓解了神经退行性病变的病理进程。该研究工作由王鑫教授指导完成，厦门大学医学院助理教授郑秋阳和博士生李桂林完成主要实验工作，王世华、朱琳、高月、邓青芳、张洪峰、张丽珊、吴美玲、狄安洁参与了部分研究工作。厦门大学医学院许华曦、赵颖俊和孙灏教授在研究过程中给予大力帮助和支持，清华大学董晨教授提供了Usp25基因敲除小鼠，厦门大学附属妇女儿童医院周裕林教授和郑良楷博士帮助收集了脑组织样品。Down syndrome (DS), caused by trisomy of chromosome 21, is the most significant risk factor for early-onset Alzheimer’s disease (AD); however, underlying mechanisms linking DS and AD remain unclear. Here, we show that triplication of homologous chromosome 21 genes aggravates neuroinflammation in combined murine DS-AD models. Overexpression of USP25, a deubiquitinating enzyme encoded by chromosome 21, results in microglial activation and induces synaptic and cognitive deficits, whereas genetic ablation of Usp25 reduces neuroinflammation and rescues synaptic and cognitive function in 5×FAD mice. Mechanistically, USP25 deficiency attenuates microglia-mediated proinflammatory cytokine overproduction and synapse elimination. Inhibition of USP25 reestablishes homeostatic microglial signatures and restores synaptic and cognitive function in 5×FAD mice. In summary, we demonstrate an unprecedented role for trisomy 21 and pathogenic effects associated with microgliosis as a result of the increased USP25 dosage, implicating USP25 as a therapeutic target for neuroinflammation in DS and AD.This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31871077, 81822014, and 81571176 to X.W.; 81701130 to Q.Z.), the National Key R&D Program of China (2016YFC1305900 to X.W.), the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province of China (2017J06021 to X.W.), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Chinese Central Universities (20720150061 to X.W.), and the BrightFocus Foundation (A2018214F to Yingjun Zhao). 该研究工作得到国家重点研发计划项目、国家自然科学基金、福建省自然科学基金、厦门大学校长基金的资助和支持

[[alternative]]Impact of chief executive officer turnover and corporate governance on the operation performance of Taiwan's life insurance industry

碩士[[abstract]]本研究探討台灣壽險業總經理(Chief Executive Officer，CEO)更迭，在公司治理機制下對經營績效的影響。本研究樣本為1998至2012年14家台灣公開發行壽險公司，資料來源為台灣證券交易所公佈總經理異動宣告事件及各家公司股東會財務年報，共145筆樣本資料，利用以不平衡追蹤資料（Unbalanced Panel Data）模型進行迴歸實證分析。 總經理更迭實證結果發現，總經理更迭對於經營績效無顯著相關，符合代罪羔羊理論。若細分更迭類型，結果顯示自願性更迭為顯著負向關係，符合惡性循環理論;強迫性更迭為顯著正向關係，符合常識理論。 公司治理部分，結果顯示董事會規模大小、董事長兼任總經理、獨立董事比例與經營績效呈顯著負相關；在股權結構分析中發現，大股東持股與績效呈顯著正相關，符合利益收斂假說。本文進一步探討金融海嘯與法令規範修正對於公司治理機制是否影響經營績效。研究發現，金融海嘯對於公司治理機制無顯著影響；法令規範修正後，董事會規模大小、董事長兼任總經理與經營績效呈顯著負向關係。 本研究亦探討總經理教育學歷背景是否影響公司經營績效，研究發現學歷背景為行銷管理或法律專業相對於財務投資專業領域之總經理，經營績效表現較佳。[[abstract]]This study discusses the impact of the chief executive officer (CEO) turnover under the corporate governance on the operation performance of Taiwan’s life insurance industry. Fourteen Taiwan companies offering life insurance publicly were sampled. Rolling data from CEO turnover announcements published by the Taiwan Stock Exchange and annual financial reports released by the board of each company were also considered. This study collected a total of 145 samples, on which the empirical regression analysis was conducted based on unbalanced panel data. Empirical regression analysis results show that CEO turnover and operation performance have no significant correlation, a finding that adheres to the ritual-scapegoating theory. Among the subdivided types of turnover, routine CEO turnover shows a significant negative correlation with operation performance, which coincides with the vicious-circle theory. The non-routine CEO turnover shows a significantly positive correlation, which agrees with the common-sense theory. The board size, CEO duality, and percentage of independent directors on the board show a significantly negative correlation with operation performance. The ownership structure analysis, shows that the proportion of block shareholding has a significantly positive correlation with operation performance, which adds evidence to the convergence of interest hypothesis. This study further explores the impact of financial crises and law amendments on operation performance. The findings show that financial crises have no significant influence on operation performance, whereas law amendments have a significantly negative correlation with the board size, CEO duality and operation performance. This study also discusses whether the educational background of a CEO influences corporate operation performance, particularly the observation that CEOs who have majored in marketing management and law perform better in finance.[[tableofcontents]]目錄 第一章 緒論....................................1 第一節 研究背景................................1 第二節 研究動機與目的..........................3 第三節 研究架構................................5 第二章 文獻回顧與實證假說......................6 第一節 代理理論................................6 第二節 總經理更迭與公司經營績效................7 第三節 公司治理機制與公司經營績效..............11 第四節 學歷背景................................16 第三章 研究方法................................17 第一節 樣本資料來源............................17 第二節 操作變數定義............................18 第三節 實證模型設定............................25 第四章 實證分析與結果..........................27 第一節 敘述統計................................27 第二節 實證結果................................31 第五章 結論與建議..............................51 第一節 結論....................................51 第二節 建議....................................53 第三節 研究限制與建議..........................54 參考文獻.......................................55 附錄...........................................59 圖表目錄 圖1-1 2001~2013年 人身保險保險密度與投保率統計表.....3 圖1-2 研究架構.......................................5 表4-1敘述性統計......................................28 表4-2總經理更迭宣告分類..............................29 表4-3總經理更迭與公司治理相關分析....................33 表4-4總經理學歷背景相關分析..........................34 表4-5全數樣本總經理更迭與公司治理迴歸分析............36 表4-6總經理自願性更迭迴歸分析........................37 表4-7總經理強迫性更迭迴歸分析........................38 表4-8股權結構變數平方項迴歸分析......................41 表4-9金融海嘯前後均數檢定............................42 表4-10修正證券交易法(2006)對獨立董事比例變數交乘項迴歸分析...................................................45 表4-11修正證券交易法(2006)對研究變數交乘項迴歸分析...46 表4-12修正保險業負責人應具備資格條件準則(2010)對董事長兼任總經理變數交乘項迴歸分析...............................47 表4-13修正保險業負責人應具備資格條件準則(2010)對研究變數交乘項迴歸分析...........................................48 表4-14總經理學歷背景(行銷管理、保險精算、法律專業)迴歸分析...................................................50[[note]]學號: 601560245, 學年度: 10