The comparison of the ecological characters of the zooplankton between the coastal waters off Cangnan and the waters off Feiyun River estuary

为了研究我国亚热带北部边缘浮游动物区系和生态类群，从而为分析我国亚热带海域浮游动物群落特征形成的成因提供科学依据。本研究根据2010年~2011年在飞云江口外水域(27°46'~27°75'N,120°66'~121°01'E)冬、春、秋3个季节和2011年在苍南近岸水域(26°94'~27°27'N,120°41'~120°76'E)冬、春、夏季3个季节的海洋综合调查资料，在分析了我国亚热带北部边界的飞云江口外水域和苍南近岸水域这两个不同水域浮游动物的种类组成、区系适应性、优势种、物种多样性、丰度等季节变化特征的基础上，比较了这两个水域浮游动物的生态适应和区系特征，探讨了这些浮游动物生态特征...Based on three oceanographic surveys conducted off the Feiyun River estuary (27°46'~27°75'N,120°66'~121°01'E) in November 2010 ,January & May 2011 ,and three oceanographic surveys conducted in the coastal waters off Cangnan(26°94'~27°27'N, 120°41'~120°76'E) during February, May and September 2011. The species composition, Shannon-Weaver diversity, eco-groups, abundance, horizontal distribution, an...学位：理学硕士院系专业：海洋与地球学院_海洋生物学学号：2232012115131

Characteristics of zooplankton communities off the Feiyun River estuary

根据2010—2011年在飞云江附近海域(27°46'n—27°75'n,120°66'E—121°01'E)秋、冬、春3个季节的调查资料,分析了浮游动物的种类组成及多样性分布、总丰度的平面分布和季节变化及其与水团变化的关系。结果表明:飞云江口附近水域秋、冬、春三季共鉴定出浮游动物60种,分属于11大类;秋季检出浮游动物9大类42种,冬季检出5大类20种,春季检出8大类34种;调查水域浮游动物丰度在秋、冬之间和冬、春之间有较大变化,秋、冬、春三季浮游动物平均丰度分别为221.69、19.52和137.50 Ind·M-3;秋、冬、春季种类数近岸较少,外海较多;三季中,秋季浮游动物SHAnnOn多样性指数最高,高值区位于调查水域的东南部,其次为春季,最高值出现在飞云江口外海域,冬季为三季最低,最高值出现在调查水域北侧岛群之间;中华哲水蚤(CAlAnuS SInICuS)是冬、春季影响总丰度变化最主要的种类,秋季总丰度变化主要受针刺拟哲水蚤(PArACAlAnuS ACulEATuS)和百陶箭虫(SAgITTA bEdOTI)影响;各水团随季节变化此消彼长共同作用于研究水域,对该水域浮游动物数量分布和群落组成产生相应的影响。Based on three oceanographic surveys conducted off the Feiyun River estuary( 27°46'-27°75'N,120°66'-121°01'E) in November 2010( autumn),January 2011( winter) and May2011( spring),the species composition,Shannon diversity,abundance,horizontal distribution,and seasonal variation of zooplankton were investigated,and their relationship to seasonal variation of water masses was also examined.A total of 60 species belonging to 11 groups were identified,including 42 species belonging to 9 groups in autumn,20 species belonging to 5 groups in winter and 34 species belonging to 8 groups in spring.The abundance of zooplankton was highest in autumn( 221.69 ind·m-3),least in winter( 19.52 ind·m-3),and intermediate in spring( 137.50 ind·m-3).Spatially,the zooplankton was most numerous in the offshore water.The Shannon diversity of zooplankton was highest in autumn followed by spring and winter.The high value area of diversity was situated in the southeast of investigation waters( autumn),in the outer area of Feiyun River estuary( spring) and among archipelago in the north( winter),respectively.In winter and spring,Calanus sinicus was the predominant which determined the distribution pattern of zooplankton abundance.In autumn,Paracalanus aculeatus and Sagitta bedoti exerted the greatest influence on the distribution of zooplankton abundance.Furthermore,the abundance and community composition of zooplankton was influenced by seasonal variation of water masses to some extent.国家自然科学基金项目(41176131); 海洋公益性行业科研经费专项(201305027-8)资

Comparison of zooplankton communities inside and outside the Hangzhou Bay in autumn

本文比较了杭州湾湾外海域(122.10°–122.58°E,30.54°–30.93°N)和湾内不同海域(北岸东侧:121.67°–121.87°E,30.68°–30.83°N;南岸东侧:121.60°–121.85°E,29.95°–30.24°N;北岸西侧:121.31°–121.56°E,30.58°–30.77°N)秋季浮游动物的群落组成、累积优势度曲线以及多样性指数(H')等群落结构特征,并进行了差异性分析。结果表明:湾外海域的群落组成与湾内海域的3个群落之间均有较大的差异。湾外海域的群落I是以中华假磷虾(Pseudeuphausia sinica)等近海种、背针胸刺水蚤(Centropages dorsispinatus)等沿岸低盐种为主,其次是外海种。湾内南岸东侧海域的群落II主要以左突唇角水蚤(Labidocera sinilobata)等沿岸低盐种为主,近海种次之。湾内北岸东侧海域的群落III是以真刺唇角水蚤(Labidocera euchaeta)等沿岸低盐种、虫肢歪水蚤(Tortanus vermiculus)等河口半咸水种组成的混合群落。湾内北岸西侧海域群落IV是以虫肢歪水蚤为代表的河口半咸水种为主的群落。总的说来,这一水域向西和向北方向出现更低盐度适应性的群落。从累积优势度曲线来看,湾外海域群落I与湾内北岸东侧群落III的累积优势度上升趋势均相对平缓,但群落III的初始累积优势度略高于群落I;而与群落I相比,湾内南岸东侧的群落II与北岸西侧的群落IV的初始累积优势度均很高。湾外海域群落I的初始累积优势度较低,显示出群落I的优势种较多,而单一优势种优势度低于湾内3个群落。方差分析结果表明:湾外海域的浮游动物多样性指数与湾内3个海域均有极显著差异(P0.05)。说明湾外浮游动物群落的多样性高于湾内海域。湾内外海域浮游动物群落特征之间有较大差异,其主要原因是影响各自群落的主导水团明显不同。We analyzed and compared the differences in community composition,K-dominance curves and diversity index(H') of zooplankton community structure characteristics inside and outside the Hangzhou Bay in autumn(outside the bay: 122.10°–122.58° E,30.54°–30.93° N; inside the bay: the east area of north: 121.67°–121.87° E,30.68°–30.83° N; the east area of south:121.60°–121.85° E,29.95°–30.24° N; the west area of north: 121.31°–121.56° E,30.58°–30.77° N).Results indicated that there were large differences between the community composition of zooplankton outside the bay and those in the three areas inside the bay.The area outside the bay(community I) was composed of nearshore species such as Pseudeuphausia sinica and nearshore low-salinity species such as Centropages dorsispinatus,followed by offshore species.Community II(the eastern area of south Hangzhou Bay) was composed of nearshore low-salinity species such as Labidocera sinilobata,followed by nearshore species.Community III(the eastern area of north Hangzhou Bay) was mixed with nearshore low-salinity species such as Labidocera euchaeta and estuarine brackish-water species such as Tortanus vermiculus.Community IV(the western area of north Hangzhou Bay) was characterized by the dominant species,Tortanus vermiculus of estuarine brackish-water species that had the highest proportion,which was different from the community I.Generally,the community with lower salinity adaptability appeared in the western and northern areas.According to K-dominance curves,the dominance curves of community I and community III were quite gentle.In addition,the initial cumulative dominance of community III was higher than that of community I.Compared with community I,the initial cumulative dominance of community II and community IV were far higher than that of community I.The initial cumulative dominance of community I(outside the bay) was particularly low,which indicated that there were many types of dominant species in community I,and the dominance of single dominant species was lower than those communities inside the bay.Results of variance analysis indicated that there were highly significant differences between the diversity index of zooplankton outside the bay and those in the other three waters inside the bay(P 0.05).This showed that the diversity index of zooplankton outside the bay was higher than those of the communities inside the bay.The influence of different water masses resulted in zooplankton community differences in the inner and outer waters of the bay.国家自然科学基金(41176131);; 海洋公益性行业科研专项经费项目(201305027