薄膜太阳能电池的进展和展望

薄膜太阳能电池因具有价格低、弱光性好、大面积自动化生产、柔性便携等优点,表现出极大的发展意义和良好的市场前景。目前光伏市场上薄膜太阳能电池主要分为硅基薄膜太阳能电池、碲化镉薄膜太阳能电池、铜铟镓硒薄膜太阳能电池三大类。本文介绍了三种薄膜太阳能电池的发展现状,指出了它们的优点和存在的主要问题,分析了学术界和产业界针对这些问题的解决方案,展望了其发展前景。福建省科技厅软科学项目(2017R0100);;福建省自然科学基金面上项目(2016J01264

Methane Combustion over PdO Crystallite Manipulated by Support Template

通过对PdO活性组分在单斜与四方型氧化锆载体上的热化学性质和催化活性进行比较性的研究显示,单斜型ZrO2的表面原子能够满足与PdO的结构适应性匹配条件,它可以通过界面原子的取向附生作用对表面PdO物种聚集形态进行调控,从而促进PdO组分在单位载体表面上的分散.此外,升降温循环过程的DTG分析还表明,单斜载体模板在反复的氧化还原循环中逐渐将结晶型PdO加工成取向附生型PdO,不断改善PdO物种的氧迁移性质,促进了热还原钯物种在高温区的氧化再生.这两种载体效应有效地抑制了甲烷燃烧反应在高温区的活性振荡,增加了燃烧的稳定性与催化剂的反应耐受性.四方ZrO2晶相在载体内的掺杂将导致上述的载体效应受到明显抑制.A comparative investigation on the thermochemical and catalytic properties of palladium oxide crystallite supported on monoclinic or tetragonal-doped zirconia, demonstrated that by sharing the interfacial atoms with monoclinic zirconia, PdO crystallite aggregates at the aid of this epitaxy on the support template to acquire better dispersion. Moreover, tracking the heating-cooling cycles in air atmosphere, DTG analysis illustrated that the crystallized PdO gradually transforms into the epitaxial PdO species on the monoclinic zirconia and the improved mobility of oxygen in lattices promotes the oxidative regeneration of PdO at high temperature thereby. Combining the above two superiorities on aggregation forms of PdO, the template of monoclinic zirconia inhibits the high temperature deactivation of catalysts for methane combustion, mean- while, increases the stability of combustion reaction and the sustainability of catalysts. However, the doping of tetragonal zirconia into monoclinic support muffles those advantages prominently.国家基础研究重点发展规划(No.G1999022400);; 国家自然科学基金(No.20203014)资助项目

Concentrations and distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and organo chlorides in surface sediment of Xiamen Western Harbour and Minjiang Estuary

参考美国EPA标准方法对厦门西港和闽江口的表层沉积物样品中持续性有机污染物PAHs、PCBs、和DDTs的含量及分布进行分析和考察 ,并对若干污染特征及成因进行探讨 .结果表明 ,厦门西港沉积物样品中总PAHs含量 (ng/ g(干重 ) )较闽江口海域为高 ,其中厦门样品测值范围是 42 5 3 - 15 2 2 4,大多高于 10 0 0 ,推断主要来源于石油类污染 ;闽江口为 316 8-12 6 0 7,大多低于 10 0 0 ,化石燃料燃烧可能是其主要来源 .PCBs和DDT的分析结果表明 ,PCBs并非两海域的主要污染物 ,其含量 (ng/ g(干重 ) )测值范围是厦门西港 9 72— 33 72 ,闽江口 8 71— 30 5 5 ;DDT类含量测值 (ng/g(干重 ) )厦门西港高于闽江口 ,范围分别为 8 6 1— 73 70和 6 17— 30 70 (河口高值站位为 6 3 88) ,空间分布呈近岸高于远岸趋势 .同时表明 ,在厦门海域表层沉积物中DDD是主要降解产物 ,而在闽江口DDE为主要降解产物The U.S.EPA analytical methods were employed to examine surface sediment concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and organo chlorides (PCBs and DDTs) in Xiamen Western Harbour (XM),in June,1999,and Min River Estuary (MJ) in Oct., 1996.The spatial distribution and main possible sources of these pollutants were discussed.The ranges of PAHs concentration (ng/g(DW)) are 425-1520,with most values higher than 1000 in XM samples,and 315-1260,with most values lower than 1000 in MJ samples respectively.The main possible sources of sediment PAHs were identified as petroleum pollutants for Xiamen Western Harbour,and fossil fuel combustion products by river input for Minjiang Estuary,respectively.Sediment PCBs were found not the main pollutants in the study areas,with concentrations(ng/g(DW))ranging from 9.72 to 33.72,and from 8.71 to 30.55,in XM samples and MJ samples,respectively.Concentrations (ng/g(DW)) of sediment DDT and its degraded compounds show the trend of decreasing off the shore,while ranging from 20 to 70,and 6 to 30,in XM samples and MJ samples,respectively.Meaningful information also displays that the main degradation products are DDD in XM samples and DDE in MJ samples.As for the general results,the disadvantage of hydrodynamics,industrial and municipal wastewater discharge,and harbour activities are inferred as the main aspects of the factors affecting pollution in Xiamen Western Harbour,comparing with those in Minjiang Estuary,which is significantly affected by Minjiang River input.Measures for pollution prevention thus should be taken differently in the two areas

声触诊弹性成像与二维剪切波弹性成像检测肝脏硬度的比较

目的将声触诊弹性成像（STE）和二维剪切波弹性成像（2D-SWE）检测肝脏硬度进行比较，为STE新技术的临床应用提供循证依据。方法采用 STE和2D-SWE技术，对43例健康志愿者和63例肝硬化患者行肝硬度检测，对比分析两种技术的检测成功率、操作者内重复性、测值相关性和测值差异。结果肝脏STE、2D-SWE检测成功率分别为100%（106/106）、96.2%（102/106）（χ2=2.320，P=0.128），4例2D-SWE检测失败的均为肝硬化患者。在健康组STE测值高于2D-SWE[5.83(5.30~6.37) kPa vs 5.00(4.80~5.20) kPa，Z=4.419，P<0.001]、肝硬化组低于2D-SWE [15.82(11.71~25.02) kPa vs 18.50(11.95~29.93) kPa，Z=-2.981，P=0.003]。STE和2D-SWE两种技术的测值相关系数为0.896（95%CI：0.849~0.928，P<0.001）。结论STE检测成功率高、重复性好，尤其在肝硬化患者穿透性好、与2D-SWE比较更具优势；STE测值与2D-SWE不直接等同，临床应用中需要注意

Methane combustion over PdO crystallite manipulated by support template

A comparative investigation on the thermochemical and catalytic properties of palladium oxide crystallite supported on monoclinic or tetragonal-doped zirconia, demonstrated that by sharing the interfacial atoms with monoclinic zirconia, PdO crystallite aggregates at the aid of this epitaxy on the support template to acquire better dispersion. Moreover, tracking the heating-cooling cycles in air atmosphere, DTG analysis illustrated that the crystallized PdO gradually transforms into the epitaxial PdO species on the monochnic zirconia and the improved mobility of oxygen in lattices promotes the oxidative regeneration of PdO at high temperature thereby. Combining the above two superiorities on aggregation forms of NO, the template of monoclinic zirconia inhibits the high temperature deactivation of catalysts for methane combustion, meanwhile, increases the stability of combustion reaction and the sustainability of catalysts. However, the doping of tetragonal zirconia into monoclinic support muffles those advantages prominently

Construction of polyoxometalates-based coordination polymers through direct incorporation between polyoxometalates and the voids in a 2D network

通讯作者地址: Long, YX (通讯作者), Xiamen Univ, Coll Chem & Chem Engn, State Key Lab Phys Chem Solid Surface, Key Lab Analyt Sci,Minist Educ, Xiamen 361005, Peoples R China 地址: 1. Xiamen Univ, Coll Chem & Chem Engn, State Key Lab Phys Chem Solid Surface, Key Lab Analyt Sci,Minist Educ, Xiamen 361005, Peoples R China 2. Xiamen Univ, Coll Chem & Chem Engn, Dept Chem, Xiamen 361005, Peoples R China 电子邮件地址: [email protected] series of polyoxometalates (POMs)-based coordination polymers, namely, {[Cu(2,3-Me(2)pz)(2,5-Me(2)pz)(0.5)](4)-(SiW12O40)(2,5-Me(2)pz)}(n) (2,3-Me(2)pz) =2,3-dimethylpyrazine; 2,5-Me(2)pz = 2,5-dimethylpyrazine; 1), {[Cu-2(4,4'-bipy) (4)(H2O)(4)](SiW12O40)(H2O)(18)}(n) (4,4'-bipy) 4,4'-bipyridine; 2), {[Cu(2-Mepz)(1.5)](3)(PMo12O40)(H2O)(3.5)}(n) (2-Mepz) 2-methylpyrazine; 3), {[Ag(2,3-Me(2)pz)(1.5)](4)(SiW12O40)}(n) (4), {[Cu(pz)(1.5)](4)(SiW12O40)(H2O)(3)}(n) (pz = pyrazine; 5), {[Cu(2,3-Me(2)pz)(1.5)](4)(SiW12O40)}(n) (6), {[Cu(4,4'-bipy)(1.75)](4)(SiW12O40)(H2O) 2}(n) (7), and {[Cu-2(4,4'-bipy)(4)(H2O)(4)](SiW12O40)(4,4'-bipy)(2)(H2O)(4)}(n) (8), were synthesized through direct incorporation between POMs and the voids of the 2D network. Crystal structural analysis reveals that the relationship between the size of the void of the 2D network and that of POMs is of key importance for successful synthesis of POMs-based open metal-organic frameworks. Guest replacement shows that the pore size of the framework constructed through direct incorporation between POMs and the voids of the 2D network is very sensitive to guest molecules

Retrieving the Most Prevalent Small Fullerene C(56)

通讯作者地址: Xie, SY (通讯作者),Xiamen Univ, State Key Lab Phys Chem Solid Surfaces, Coll Chem & Chem Engn, Xiamen 361005, Peoples R China 地址: 1. Xiamen Univ, State Key Lab Phys Chem Solid Surfaces, Coll Chem & Chem Engn, Xiamen 361005, Peoples R China 2. Xiamen Univ, Dept Chem, Coll Chem & Chem Engn, Xiamen 361005, Peoples R China 电子邮件地址: [email protected] of China,20721001 ,21031004 973 Program 2007CB815301 2011CB93590

教师道德心理一体化发展：挑战与应对

学生发展核心素养要求提高教师道德心理一体化教育水平，呼唤教师道德心理一体化发展。当前，教师道德和心理问题在社会认识上、伦理认知上还存在一定的偏差，制约着教师道德和心理发展，教师道德心理一体化发展本身在教育层次、教育阶段上也存在一些不足。在道德心理对立统一的理论指引下，重塑教师道德心理一体化发展的对立统一关系，从而探索建构教师道德心理一体化发展在职前、职中、职后三阶段的培训培养模式。</p

教师道德心理一体化发展:挑战与应对

学生发展核心素养要求提高教师道德心理一体化教育水平,呼唤教师道德心理一体化发展。当前,教师道德和心理问题在社会认识上、伦理认知上还存在一定的偏差,制约着教师道德和心理发展,教师道德心理一体化发展本身在教育层次上、教育阶段上也存在一些不足。在道德心理对立统一的理论指引下,重塑教师道德心理一体化发展的对立统一关系,从而探索建构教师道德心理一体化发展在职前、职中、职后三阶段的培训培养模式。</p