College laboratory hazardous waste treatment status and countermeasures

随着我国高等教育的快速发展,高校实验室特别是化学、生物类实验室的数量和规模不断地增多和扩大,实验室产生的危险废物越来越多,对环境污染的风险也越来越大。通过对我国普通高校实验室产生危险废物的处置现状进行原因分析,提出了对实验室危险废物处置的对策思考。With the rapid development of China＇s higher education, university laboratories, especially chemistry, biology laboratory the number and size continue to increase and expand, more and more hazardous waste generated by the laboratory, the risk of environmental pollution is also growing big. Cause analysis and countermeasures laboratory hazardous waste disposal by the disposal of hazardous waste generated by the status quo of college laboratory

Discussion Teaching in the Courses of ＂Microbial Engineering＂ Based on Research Papers

为了提高微生物工程课程的教学效果,利用近年已发表论文,尝试对2008级学生开设10个课时的基于研究论文的讨论课程。通过考试测评及调查问卷评价分析,与采取传统讲授式教学方法授课的对照班级进行对比发现,讨论式教学模式适合学生的实际情况,促进了学生对知识的理解与运用,激发了学生对科学研究的兴趣,有益于培养适合时代发展的生物技术专业人才。In order to improve teaching effects of ＂microbial engineering＂, 10 discussion lessons were carried out ior the 08 biotechnology students based on research papers. Based on the analysis of examination evaluation and questionnaire, and comparing with the control class adopted traditional lecture-type teaching method, it found that teaching model was suited with the students＇ actual conditions, promoted the understanding and application of knowledge by students, aroused the scientific research interest of students, which was beneficial to foster biological technology professional for the development of times.广西民族大学高等教育教学改革工程资助项目(2011XJGB18

Isolation and identification of Bacillus cereus producing cellulase and enzymatic properties analysis

【目的】筛选高效分泌纤维素酶的细菌,为纤维素资源利用提供理论依据。【方法】以羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC-Na)为唯一碳源,对通过筛选培养基从森林湿泥样品中分离筛选出的细菌,采用刚果红染色、革兰氏染色和生化特性及16SrDNA进行鉴定,并对菌株产酶性质进行初步研究。【结果】获得一株纤维素酶产生菌L-30,该菌株在pH4.8、50℃条件下的酶活力为4.25 U/mL,经鉴定L-30为蜡样芽孢杆菌。酶学性质研究表明,L-30菌株所产纤维素酶最适反应pH为6.0,最适温度为50℃,该条件下酶活力最高,达4.95 U/mL,该酶对CMC-Na具有较强的分解能力;L-30菌株在最佳生长条件下,于接种后48 h即可达到产酶高峰,L-30菌株的产纤维素酶能力能稳定遗传。【结论】分离到的L-30为一株高产纤维素酶蜡样芽孢杆菌,其酶学性质好,具有进一步开发利用的价值。[Objective]Cellulase, efficiently producing bacteria, was screened to provide references for cellulose application.[Method]Bacteria was screened by using CMC-Na as the only carbon source from humid soil sample. The methods of Congo red staining, gram staining, biochemical character and molecular property of 16S rDNA were used to identify the bacteria, and the enzymatic properties of the cellulose were also observed. [Result]One strain of cellulase producing bacteria （L-30） was isolated from the humid soil sample. The cellulase activity was 4.25 U/mL in the conditions of pH 4.8 and 50℃. L-30 was identified as Bacillus cereus. The preliminary study on enzymatic properties showed that under the optimum conditions of pH of 6.0 and temperature of 50℃, the cellulose activity reached 4.95 U/mL in this reaction system. The cellulase showed high ability to degrade CMC-Na. L-30 reached its largest amount of the enzyme after cultured for 48 hours and displayed genetic stability on secreting enzyme. [Conclusion]The isolated Bacillus cereus of L-30 with good enzymatic properties should be further developed and utilized.广西林产化学与工程协同创新高水平研究项目(2013B01)； 广西自然科学基金项目(2012GXNSFAA053060)； 广西高校科学技术研究项目(2013YB069

Study on extraction process of total flavoniods and

目的:对宽叶金粟兰中总黄酮的提取工艺及抗氧化活性进行了研究,旨在为其开发利用提供理论依据。方法:采用微波辅助提取法对宽叶金粟兰中总黄酮的提取工艺进行优化,采用分光光度法测定提取物的还原力,并研究其对羟基自由基、DPPH自由基的清除作用。结果:最佳提取条件为:乙醇体积分数60%、料液比1∶30、微波功率300W,微波处理时间15min;在此条件下宽叶金粟兰的总黄酮提取率为6.11%。在实验浓度(0.2~0.8mg/mL)范围内,宽叶金粟兰黄酮对羟基自由基的清除率可达到100%,对DPPH自由基的清除率达到76.2%,同时还具有较强的还原能力。结论:研究结果表明宽叶金粟兰中的黄酮类物质具有较强的抗氧化活性,该植物具有一定的开发和应用前景。Abstract: Objective: To study the extraction technology of total flavonoids from Chloranthus henryi and its antioxidant activity.Methods: The optimum condition for extracting total flavonoids from Chloranthus henryi by microwave － assisted was obtained through orthogonal experiments.And the antioxidant activity of the extract was evaluated by spectrophotometry on its ability of scavenging hydroxyl free radical(·OH) and 1－ diphenyl－2－ picrylhydrazy free radical( DPPH·) ，total reducing power.Ｒesults: The optimum procedure for microwave－ assisted extraction of total flavonoids were ethanol concentration of 60%，ratio of material to solvent of 1 ∶ 30，microwave power of 300W， microwave time of 15min and that the flavonoids yield was up to 6.11%.The scavenging rates of total flavonoids from Chloranthus henryi against hydroxyl free radical and DPPH free radical were found to be 100% and 76.2%，and the extract also had a strong total reducing power at a certain concentration range( 0.2 ～ 0.8mg /mL) . Conclusion: The results showed that the extract from Chloranthus henryi was active for oxidation resistance，and it showed good application future for this plant.广西高校科学技术研究项目(YB2014100

Chemical Components of Essential Oils from Chloranthus henryi

目的:分析宽叶金粟兰挥发油的主要化学成分及其抗氧化活性。方法:采用水蒸气蒸馏法获得宽叶金粟兰挥发油,运用气相色谱-质谱联用进行成分分析,同时运用紫外分光光度计测定其对1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(DPPH)自由基的清除能力以及总还原能力。结果:从宽叶金粟兰的挥发油中鉴定了21个化合物,占总量的82.30%;挥发油具有较好的还原能力,但对DPPH自由基的清除能力较弱。结论:宽叶金粟兰挥发油主要成分为乙酸冰片酯(45.43%)、3-亚甲基-2-降冰片酮(12.36%)、莰烯(8.74%)等,挥发油具有一定的抗氧化活性。［Abstract］ Objective: This article aimed to study the chemical components of essential oils from Chloranthus henryi and their antioxidant activity． Method: The essential oil was extracted by steam distillation， and its constituents were identified by GC-MS． The antioxidant activity of the essential oil was evaluated on its ability of total reducing and scavenging of 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazy ( DPPH) free radical by spectrophotometry． Ｒesult: Twenty-one compounds，accounting for 82. 30% of the essential oil，were identified． The ability of scavenging DPPH free radical of the essential oils was weak，while the total reducing ability was strong． Conclusion: The main chemical constituents of the essential oil from C． henryi were bornyl acetate ( 45. 43%) ，3- methylene-2-norbornanone ( 12. 36%) and camphene ( 8. 74%) ． And the essential oil showed some antioxidant activity．广西高校科学技术研究项目(YB2014100

狠抓基本功,培养竞赛技能——谈化学竞赛之无机实验培训

通过奥林匹克竞赛研究分析,本文提出了化学竞赛之无机实验培训应加强竞赛选手实验技能和心理素质的培养

Rapid Photometric Determination of Long Chain Dicarboxylic Acids

长链二元酸与硫酸铜甲醇溶液反应生成沉淀,离心去除沉淀后,于波长820 nm处测定上清液吸光度,提出了光度法间接测定长链二元酸含量的方法。长链二元酸的质量浓度在5～40 g·L-1范围内与吸光度呈线性关系,方法检出限（3s/k）为0.011 g·L-1。方法的回收率在104%～105%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差（n=5）小于0.6%。Long chain dicarboxylic acids reacted with Cu2＋ in methanol solution of CuSO4 to form a precipitate. After centrifugation, absorbance of the supernatant was determined at 820 nm. Based on this fact, a photometric method for indirect determination of long chain dicarboxylic acids was proposed. Linear relationship between values of absorbance and mass concentration of long chain dicarboxylic acids was kept in the range of 5- 40 g · L-1, with detection limit （3s/k） of 0. 011 g · L-1. Values of recovery were found in the range of 104%- 105%, and RSD＇s （n=5） were less than 0. 6%.广西化工过程创新技术研发平台建设(桂科能0992028-13);广西民族大学重点项目科研基金(200701YJ01

Test on the Improvement of Cultural Water Environment by Preparation of Photosynthetic Bacteria

在鱼、虾育苗池、淡水养殖池以及观赏鱼养殖水体中,采用活菌数大于50亿/mL的光合细菌制剂改良水质,测定了使用前后水的pH、COD、氨氮、亚硝酸盐、溶解氧等指标,结果表明,光合细菌制剂的质量分数越高,改善养殖水体水质的效果越好。广西民族学院重点项目(2003

A study on the Construction of a Marine Ecosystem Model Lab Based on Practical Teaching in Marine Ecology

为进一步开展海洋生态学实践教学,设计规划了以仿真模型为基础的海洋生态系统模型馆。该模型馆利用仿真模型将六大海洋生态系统进行室内还原,实现了海洋生态实践教学尤其是野外调查模拟实践活动的可持续开展。文章叙述了模型馆的设计理念和方案,讨论了基于仿真模型的实践教学方式及其实际意义。实践表明,以模型辅助教学的教学模式由于其价格低廉、重复使用性强等特性而易于推广,对自然科学的实践教学、理论教学以及科普宣传工作均起到了借鉴作用。In order to carry out the practical teaching of marine ecology,a marine ecosystem model lab based on the simulation model is designed.In this lab,six major marine ecosystems are reproduced indoors by using the simulation model,and it makes the continuous development of marine ecological practical teaching to be possible,especially,in the field survey.This paper described the design concept and design scheme of this model lab,and discussed the practical teaching mode based on the simulation model and its practical significance.We believe that the model-teaching mode will be easy to popularize because of its low cost and repeated usage,and it will be hopeful to serve as a reference for the practical teaching,theoretical teaching of natural and popular science propaganda.广西民族大学校级科研项目(2016MDYB027

2种绿藻的玻璃化冻存研究

收集对数生长后期细胞,采用不同配方及浓度的玻璃化冻存液以及不同的冻存步骤对胶网藻HE01和小球藻HE07进行冷冻保存试验,通过复苏后的细胞存活率判断适合的冻存液和冻存步骤。结果发现,不同的微藻所需的冻存液不同。对HE01和HE07海洋微藻分别使用5%DMSO+15%乙二醇+25%蔗糖溶液和15%DMSO+15%乙二醇+25%蔗糖溶液做为冻存剂,4℃条件下30 min后,转入-20℃预冻存2 h,再-80℃过夜后投入液氮中保存,胶网藻HE01和小球藻HE07的冻存率分别为70.2%、70.59%。复苏后微藻生长状况良好。国家自然科学基金(编号:30960215)； 广西自然科学基金(编号:桂科青0728019)； 广西民族大学相思湖青年学者创新团队资助项