Developing English Speaking Ability by Recording on IC Recorder ― A Case Study in the Faculty of Environmental Studies, Nagasaki University ―

The purpose of Language Communication AI and AII in the Faculty of Environmental Studies is to develop students’speaking ability in English to discuss environmental problems with people from other countries. Therefore, at the end of each semester students are to make a presentation about environmental topics. In order to cultivate speaking skills as a basis of communication and presentation in English, an experiment was done that students recorded their reading of a pattern-practice textbook on an IC recorder for 40 minutes in a week, that is, 600 minutes in total in a semester. Before and after the experiment, an oral test was given to both the class for the experiment and that of the control group which did not have any recording assignments. The oral test was consisted of 10 basic questions, and students answered each question in one minute. As a result, students in the experiment class spoke 4.03 sentences per minute (SPM) in average, and the control group spoke 2.91 SPM. From the questionnaire, students who did recording gave favorable feedback about effectiveness of assignments. This paper is to report about this experiment using IC recorders

The Primary Attempt of in Vitro Fertilization of Torenia fournieri

通讯作者(E-mail: [email protected]; Tel: 0592-2186486)。[中文文摘]用体内-体外方法分离了蓝猪耳精细胞。用酶解和解剖方法分离了其成熟卵细胞。分离的精、卵细胞用电融合介导尝试了体外诱导融合。在合适的渗透压(6%甘露醇)和合适的氯化钙(0.04%CaCl2·2H2O)溶液中,用交流电场为30～35V,10～25s使精、卵细胞排队;用直流电场400～600V,45～50μs的脉冲穿孔条件可诱导30%的精、卵细胞融合和70%以上的卵细胞之间的融合。尝试了人工合子的单细胞培养但未获成功。诱导蓝猪耳精、卵细胞融合的条件与玉米和水稻不同。[英文文摘]Sperm cells of Torenia fournieri were isolated from pollen tubes which were induced using an in vivo-in vitro method. Its egg cells were isolated by enzyme digesting followed by mechanical dissection. The electrical fusion method was applied to induce the fusion of the isolated sperm and egg cells. In a suitable solution containing 6% mannitol and 0.04% CaCl2 ·2H2O, 30% sperm-egg and over 70% egg-egg could be induced fusion using alternating current (30–35 V, 10–25 s) to align sperm-egg or egg-egg,following direct current (400–600 V, 45–50 μs) pulse to perforate the plasma member of both sperm and egg. The artifi cial zygotes were also tried to culture but no success. The conditions of inducing fusion of sperm cells and egg cells of Torenia fournieri are different with those of maize and rice.国家自然科学基金(30970275和31170289);; 公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费(200903016

INTRODUCTION OF HEXAPLOID OF CHINESE NARCISSUS AND ANALYSIS OF ITS CHROMOSOME CHANGE

通讯作者，Tel：0592- 2186486，Email：[email protected][中文文摘]中国水仙(Narcissus tazetta L.var.chinensis Roem)属于石蒜科水仙属多年生草本花卉植物。中国水仙的品种不多,在福建漳州地区主要栽培品种为单瓣水仙,此外,还有重瓣和“金三角”两个品种。中国水仙为三倍体植物,染色体数目为2n=3x=30[1-3],其高度不孕性,只开花不结实,靠子鳞茎进行无性繁殖繁衍后代。由于长期的无性繁殖和病毒感染,现存种质退化、品质下降,花朵数明显减少、香味变淡、生长势差、鳞茎变小、抗性减弱等问题,严重影响了该花卉的进一步生产和发展。因此,采用现代生物工程技术(体细胞杂交技术、转基因技术等)改良中国水仙,培育中国水仙新品种迫在眉睫。[英文文摘] Anthers of Chinese narcissus (Narcissus tazetta L. var chinesis Roem) were used as explants for callus induction and plant regeneration. About 80% anthers produced callus and 28% of the callus differentiated out bulbs, making a good experiment system of tissue culture of Chinese narcissus for further cellular and gene engineering. The 700 callus were treated by 0.5% colchicin for 5-6 days and then transformed into a MS medium containing 3mg/L 6-BA to induce differentiation. 90 bulbs were obtained and 55 bulbs among them were checked the chromosome number from their root tips for three times. 29 bulbs (53%, 29/55) still kept triploidy and the most cells of root tips contained 30 chromosomes. 22 bulbs (40%, 22/55) displayed aneuploidy and the most cells of its root tips contained 10-50 chromosomes. 4 bulbs displayed hexaploidy and contained 60 chromosomes. After three months growing, the cells of root tips containing aneuploidy chromosomes disappeared, and the bulbs became triploidy. The chromosomes of 4 hexaploidy bulbs did not changed during three checks. The origin and disappearance of aneuploidy cells of Chinese narcissus after treated by colchicin were discussed.福建省自然科学基金(F0210009);国家自然科学基金(30670126)资助项

Microtubule Distribution and Change during Meiosis of Microspore Mother Cells of Nicotiana tabacum L.

应用间接免疫荧光标记技术和激光共聚焦扫描显微镜成像技术观察了烟草小孢子母细胞减数分裂过程中微管的分布变化。在减数分裂前期,小孢子母细胞中的微管较短,随机分散在细胞质中。在减数分裂中期,细胞质中微管形成纺锤体,控制染色体的分布。进入减数分裂I后期,部分纺锤体微管将两组染色体拉向两级。在减数分裂Ⅱ中期,细胞中的微管又形成两个纺锤体。在减数分裂Ⅱ后期,纺锤体微管解聚为微管蛋白分散在细胞质中。胞质分裂发生在四个细胞核形成之后,通过细胞核之间的质膜向内缢缩分隔四个细胞核,产生四个小孢子。The organization of microtubule cytoskeleton during tobacco microsporogenesis was observed.At the prophase of meiosis I of microspore mother cell(MMC),the microtubules in the cell are short and dispersive in cytoplasm.At the metaphase of meiosis I,the microtubules in the cell set up a spindle which makes chromosomes move at equatorial plate.When MMCs enter the anaphase of meiosisⅠ,the spindle microtubules break.At the metaphase of meiosisⅡ,the microtubules form two spindles in the same cytoplasm.In the telophase of meiosisⅡ, spindle microtubules depolymerize and change from short segment to tubulin.Then the MMC begins to cytokinesis by cytoplasmic constriction to form contractile furrows,which separate four nuclei into four microspores.There was not evidence to show that microtubules participate in the cytokinesis directly.国家自然科学基金(No.30970275)资助项目---

Isolation of Egg Cells from Allium fistulosum

将大葱(AllIuM fISTulOSuM)胚珠置于酶液中30分钟可将其外珠被去掉。可清楚地看到由内珠被包裹的胚珠中胚囊的轮廓。将胚珠转移至不含酶的相同溶液中,用解剖针从胚珠中部切割,然后挤压胚珠的珠孔部位,卵器细胞从胚珠的切口处逸出。再用显微操作仪将卵细胞和2个助细胞分开,达到葱卵细胞分离的目的。酶对分离卵细胞具有重要的作用,经0.2%果胶酶y23、0.8%果胶酶、0.8%纤维素酶和0.5%半纤维素酶的处理,可在2小时内从30个胚珠中分离出18个卵细胞。随着胚囊的发育,2个助细胞的体积出现明显差异。生活的葱卵细胞的成功分离,为建立葱离体受精体系创造了条件。Viable egg cells of Allium fistulosum were isolated by enzymatic digestion and mechanical dissection.The ovules were incubated in an enzymatic solution containing 0-0.8% pectolyse Y-23, 0-1.2% pectinase (Serva), 0-1.2% cellulase (Onozuka RS), 0-1% hemicellulase (Sigma) and 6%-12% mannitol for 20-40 min to remove the outer integument.Then ovules were transferred into an isolating solution without enzymes for mechanical dissection.The ovules were cut from the middle part, and the micropylar part was gently extruded by use of a dissection needle.In general, the three cells of the egg apparatus spilled out from the cut end of the ovule.The enzymatic solution containing 0.2% pectolyse Y-23, 0.8% pectinase (Serva), 0.8% cellulase (Onozuka RS), 0.5% hemicellulase (Sigma) and 10% mannitol was best for isolating about 18 egg cells from 30 ovules in 2 h.The isolated egg cells could be used for in vitro fertilization to explore the fertilization mechanism and for egg development with molecular biological methods.国家自然科学基金(No.30670126

基于离散等收缩比的前体/进气道流向双乘波一体化设计

前体/进气道一体化设计是高超声速飞行的关键技术,一体化设计的核心是前体与进气道在基准流场上的气动融合.针对腹部进气布局中前体压缩后的非均匀流影响进气道性能的问题,文章基于局部收缩比处处一致的思想,提出了离散等收缩比设计方法,实现了乘波前体/内转式进气道流向气动融合与遵循气动规律的变截面流道设计.将进气道的三维流场分解成一簇具有相同收缩比的三维流管,视每根流管侧壁为轴对称流场;以锥导乘波前体压缩后的非均匀流作为来流条件,以总压恢复为目标对每根流管进行优化设计;通过匹配激波反射位置将流管重新组合起来,流管的对应边界组成内转式变截面进气道.该设计方法适配任何已知的非均匀来流,可灵活控制唇口位置,且适用于任意形状之间的变截面转换.数值研究表明,依托该方法设计的一体化构型性能符合预期,出口流场均匀,具有优越的抗反压能力,且非设计点流场波系结构良好.离散等收缩比设计方法为腹部进气布局中前体/进气道一体化气动融合设计提供了新思路