The Research Survey of the Degrading-bacteria and Degrading-enzyme of Synthetic Pyrethroid Insecticides

通讯作者：Tel: 0592-2186195; : [email protected][中文文摘]拟除虫菊酯类农药目前已成为我国出口的蔬菜、水果中主要的3类农药残留之一,引起急慢性中毒事件也越来越多,对人类、水生生物和自然环境造成很大危险。而农药生物降解作为去除农药污染的有效手段,逐渐成为环境科学研究的热点。重点综述了拟除虫菊酯类农药降解菌的分离、降解酶的提取、纯化、降解机理、固定化研究,并对以后要解决的问题进行了展望。[英文文摘]Synthetic pyrethroid insecticides have become one of the three major kinds of pesticide residues in the exported vegetabes and fruits in China nowadays. They also caused more and more acute or chronic poisoning affair and do great damage to human beings, aquatic biology and natural environment. As an efficient way to remove pesticides pollution, the biodegradation of pesticides has gradually become the hot issue in the field of environmental sciences. The study on the separation of degrading-bacteria and the extraction, purification, mechanism and immobilization of the degrading-enzyme of pyrethroids is reviewed in this paper. And the problems under resolved in the future work are also prospected.福建省青年科技人才创新项目(No.2007F3094);厦门大学引进人才科研启动费项目(No.0000-X071C3);厦门大学近海海洋环境科学国家重点实验室开放基金(No.MEL0603);国家海洋局近岸海域生态环境重点实验室开放基金(No.200702);国家海洋局第三海洋研究所海洋生物遗传资源重点实验室开放研究基金(No.HY200601

Advance in new determination methods for pesticide residues

第一作者简介：王兆守（1972—），男，博士，讲师。研究方向为有机 污染物的生物降解。电话 0592–2186195；E–mail [email protected]。 联系人：王兆守。[中文文摘]介绍了农药残留检测的步骤与方法。农药残留检测主要分为4个步骤:样品的提取、净化、浓缩和检测。提取方法主要有震荡法、索式提取法、固相微萃取法、超临界流体萃取法、快速溶剂萃取法等。净化方法主要有:液-液分配净化法、柱层析法、磺化法等。浓缩方法主要有:蒸发浓缩、反渗透浓缩、K-D浓缩仪浓缩等。检测方法主要有:气相色谱-质谱联用法、荧光分析法、酶抑制法、免疫分析法、生物传感器检测法、红外光谱法、拉曼光谱法等。评述了这些方法的优点与缺陷,提出了今后的发展方向。[英文文摘]The determination of residual pesticides is mainly divided into four processes:extraction,cleanup,concentration and detection. The methods for extracting samples include shaking extraction,soxhlet’s extraction,solid phase micro-extraction,supercritical fluid extraction，accelerated solvent extraction and so on. The cleanup methods include liquid-liquid partition process,column chromatography,sulfonation and so on. The concentration methods include evaporation and concentration,reverse-osmosis，Kuderna Danish (K-D) concentrator and so on. The detection methods include gas chromatography-mass ectrometry,fluorometry,enzyme inhibition,immunoassay, biosensor and infrared spectrometry,Raman spectrometry,and so on. The advantages and disadvantages of these methods were reviewed and the development tendency in the future was pointed out.福建省青年科技人才创新项目(2007F3094);厦门大学引进人才科研启动费项目(0000-X071C3);近海海洋环境科学国家重点实验室(厦门大学)开放基金(MEL0603);国家海洋局第三海洋研究所海洋生物遗传资源重点实验室开放研究基金(HY200601);国家海洋局近岸海域生态环境重点实验室开放基金(200702

The possibility and the limit of e-democracy in local autonomy

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