化感物质的抑藻作用研究、应用及生态安全性评价

水体富营养化日益严重,水华频繁爆发,如何有效控制水华,治理富营养化水体是目前水环境领域的研究热点和前沿。目前湖泊藻类控制技术主要有:物理方法、化学法、生物法,但是这些方法都有其固有的缺点。利用植物化感作用抑制有害藻类生长具有廉价、生态安全等优点近年来备受关注。化感作用就是生物体产生的生物活性物质即化感物质在生物体之间传递信息并导致生物体相互作用。归纳了国内外不同生活型水生植物化感作用研究的主要成果(包括已报道的抑藻水生植物种类、已从水生植物体内和种植水中分离鉴定得到的化感物质),以及化感物质的联合作用研究,讨论了化感物质的生态安全性。通过化感作用能有效控制引起水体富营养化的各种藻类生长,优化水生生物的组成结构。例如,水体中投放大麦秆可以增加无脊椎动物以及鱼类的数量,从而达到改善水生生态系统的目的。展望了植物化感作用用于水环境治理的发展前景。以期为利用植物化感作用控制水华的发生提供理论基础

PDE/Scramjet组合循环发动机实验研究

本文对一种新概念的PDE/Scramjet 组合循环发动机在自由射流推进风洞中进行了实验研究。着重研究了点火、凹腔对发动机性能的影响。实验发现, 由爆轰管尾部带来的大扩张结构需要强制点火才能保证超燃发动机的稳定燃烧。此外发动机侧面凹腔的引入，对性能有利也有弊，需要进一步权衡。本文还开展了PDE/Scramjet 的联合实验，由于PDE 燃料流量只有超燃发动机的1%左右，导致PDE 对整体发动机性能贡献很小。最后，本文还采用总压恢复模型对组合循环发动机的推力阻力进行了分析

Development of Electrochemical Biosensor for Detection of PML/RARα Fusion Gene in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia

针对急性早幼粒细胞白血病(APl)中PMl/rArα融合基因的碱基序列,设计了锁核酸(lnA)修饰的发夹结构捕获探针,结合信号探针构建新型的“三明治“电化学传感模式。信号探针末端修饰的生物素可与酶上的亲和素结合,通过检测酶催化H2O2氧化底物3,3',5,5'-四甲基联苯胺(TMb)产生的电化学信号,实现对靶序列的检测。该传感器可识别和定量检测PbS缓冲液中人工合成的PMl/rArα融合基因序列。结果表明,该传感器能很好地区分互补序列、单碱基及多碱基错配序列,杂交电流值与目标链浓度在1.0x10-11~1.6x10-10 MOl/l范围内呈较好的线性关系,检出限为1.0x10-13 MOl/l。同时,该新型传感器成功地用于无稀释人血清中PMl/rArα融合基因的检测,具有特异性强、灵敏度高和重复性好的优点,有望用于临床实际样品的检测,进而实现临床上急性早幼粒细胞白血病的早期诊断及预后判断。A novel DNA electrochemical probe(locked nucleic acid,LNA) was designed and involved in constructing an electrochemical DNA biosensor for the detection of PML/RARα fusion gene in acute promyelocytic leukemia(APL).This biosensor was based on a "sandwich" detection strategy,which involved a pair of LNA probes,e.g.hairpin capture probe and reporter probe.Streptavidin-HRP was bound to biotin labeled at the end of reporter probe via streptavidin-biotin affinity binding.In the presence of hydrogen peroxide(H2O2),HRP catalyzed the oxidation of the substrate 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidene(TMB) to offer an enzymatically amplified electrochemical current signal for the detection of target DNA.This sensor was applied in the direct quantitative detection of synthetic PML/RARα fusion gene in PBS buffer.The results indicated that the biosensor showed an excellent specificity to distinguish the complementary sequence and different mismatch sequences.A linear relationship between the amperometric signal and the target concentration was obtained in the range of 1.0×10-11-1.6×10-10 mol/L with a detection limit of 1.0×10-13 mol/L.In addition,the biosensor was used for the determination of PML/RARα fusion gene in human serum samples without dilution with high sensitivity,selectivity and good repeatability.This method would be expected to use in real sample for further solving the actural problems of early diagnosis and prognosis monitoring of APL.863计划资助项目(2008AA02Z433);福建省高校产学研科技重点项目(2010Y4003);国家自然科学基金资助项目(20805006;20975021);福建省自然科学基金资助项目(2010J05019

粗糙铂电极上甲酸吸附氧化的电化学原位表面增强拉曼光谱研究

采用循环伏安法和电化学原位表面增强拉曼光谱 (SERS)技术研究甲酸的解离吸附与氧化行为 .首次报道了甲酸吸附、解离和氧化的电化学原位SERS谱 ,发现甲酸在粗糙铂电极上能自发解离吸附 ;首次成功地获得了粗糙铂电极上甲酸吸附解离的强吸附中间体CO和活性中间体COOH的表面增强拉曼光谱 ,同时首次检测到甲酸氧化最终产物CO2 的拉曼光谱信号 ,从分子水平证实甲酸解离吸附反应的双途径机理

Species diversity in mangrove wetlands of China and its causation analyses

作者简介: 何斌源( 1969 ~ ), 男, 广西东兴市人, 博士生, 主要从事海洋生态学研究. E-mail: [email protected] * 通讯作者Corresponding author. E-mai:l [email protected][中文文摘]目前中国红树林湿地共记录了2854种生物,包括真菌136种、放线菌13种、细菌7种、小型藻类441种、大型藻类55种、维管束植物37种、浮游动物109种、底栖动物873种、游泳动物258种、昆虫434种、蜘蛛31种、两栖类13种、爬行类39种、鸟类421种和兽类28种。这些动物中有8种国家一级保护动物,75种二级保护动物。中国红树林湿地是中国濒危生物保存和发展的重要基地,并在跨国鸟类保护中起着重要作用。中国红树林湿地单位面积的物种丰度是海洋平均水平的1766倍。从初级生产物质基础、食物关系多样性、宏观尺度和微观尺度的空间异质性、生境利用的时序性等方面分析了中国红树林湿地物种多样性极其丰富的原因。 [英文文摘]To date,total of 2854 species of organisms were recorded in Chinese mangrove wetlands,including 136 species of fungi,13 species of actinobacteria,7 species of bacteria,441 species of microalgae,55 species of macroalgae,37 species of vascular plants,109 species of zooplankton,873 species of macrobenthos,258 species of nektons,434 species of insects,31 species of spiders,13 species of amphibians,39 species of reptiles,421 species of birds and 28 species of mammals.Among them,8 species belonged to the category 1 of Chinese national protected animals and 75 species belonged to the category 2.Chinese mangrove wetlands are very important bases for the conservation and development of the endangered species to China,and playing a critical role in the international activities for protecting the migrating birds.The species abundance in Chinese mangrove wetlands was 1766 times as much as that for the averaged species abundance in Chinese sea fields.The prolific species diversity in Chinese mangrove wetlands can be attributed to their high primary productivity,high diversity in their consumers’ food preferences,high spatial heterogeneity at macroscopical and microscopic scale levels,and their dynamic temporal sequence in habitat utilization.国家自然科学基金资助项目(40676050);联合国环境规划署(UNEP)全球环境基金(GEF)资助项目;广西科学基金资助项目(0640014

Fingerprint analysis on methyl fatty acid and its applications in microbial study

脂肪酸甲酯谱图分析方法(Fatty Acid Methyl Ester,FAME)是鉴于脂肪酸可作为生物标记物而发展起来的分析技术。本文介绍了FAME谱图分析方法及其在微生物学领域的应用,包括在微生物检测、鉴定和微生物多样性研究中的应用。Fatty acid is an important biomarker.Its application in biology research has become increasingly popular.The method of FAME fingerprint analysis is based on fatty acid's utilization as a biomarker.This paper describes the FAME fingerprint analysis and its applications for microbial studies,including identification of unknown microbes and assessment of microbial diversity.国家863计划项目(2006AA10A211);; 福建省发展和改革委员会重点项目[闽农产(2006)10号];; 福建省青年科技人才创新项目(2003.J046

一种检测蓝藻质粒的定量PCR试剂盒及应用

本发明公开了一种检测蓝藻质粒的定量PCR试剂盒及应用，普通PCR反应液I包含针对聚球藻anl50基因设计的一对特异性引物，普通PCR反应液II包含针对聚球藻CDS：ABB57481.1基因设计的一对特异性引物，定量PCR反应液I包含针对聚球藻anl50基因设计的一对特异性引物，定量PCR反应液II中包含针对聚球藻CDS：ABB57481.1基因设计的一对特异性引物，其中扩增anl50基因的普通PCR上游引物与该基因的结合位置在其定量PCR上游引物与该基因结合位置的上游，anl50基因的普通PCR下游引物与该基因的结合位置在其定量PCR下游引物与该基因结合位置的下游。该试剂盒快速检测蓝藻质粒的拷贝数，具有高灵敏度、特异性、稳定性和重现性。适用于蓝藻质粒DNA的定量检测，对于检测蓝藻细胞的DNA损伤具有实际的应用价值。</p

In-situ SERS study on the electro-oxidation with HCOOH on a roughened platinum electrode

The dissociative adsorption and oxidation behavior of HCOOH on Pt was investigated by cyclic voltammogram (CV) and in-situ surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) techniques. The in-stiu SERS of HCOOH adsorption, dissociation and oxidation on rough Pt is reported. It is found that HCOOH can spontaneously dissociate. The surface Raman spectra of CO, the strongly adsorbed intermediate and COOH, the weakly adsorbed intermediate of the dissociative adsorption of HCOOH were successfully obtained for the first time. At the same time, the Raman spectra of the finally oxidized product CO2 of HCOOH was also firstly detected. The dual path reaction mechanism for the oxidation of HCOOH was confirmed at molecular level

关于“经济发展方式转变进程中的财税政策”的探讨(笔谈)

转变经济发展方式是当前中国的热门话题,而上海在城市发展中又肩负着率先转变的重要任务,在这一意义和背景下,2010年4月24日由上海金融学院学院主办、上海金融学院公共经济管理学院承办的“《中国城市财政发展报告2009/2010:促进‘两个中心’建设的上海城市财政》首发式暨‘经济发展方式转变进程中的财税政策’论坛“在我校举行。与会专家围绕经济发展方式转变进程中的财税政策的“趋势与目标“、“机遇和挑战“、“实施方略“和“地方实践“等四个专题进行研讨,各抒己见,智慧交锋。现将其真知灼见整理摘要与读者分享,以期待更多学者共同关注当前经济发展方式转变进程中的财税政策