环境内分泌干扰物与肥胖症发生发展的关系

近年来,肥胖症发生率逐年增加,并有加速升高的趋势,已成为世界各国面临的严重公共卫生问题。肥胖产生于基因、行为以及环境因素的交互作用,其中环境内分泌干扰物的影响近期备受关注,大量来自野生动物、流行病学、实验动物和体外实验的研究实例表明,许多环境化合物会干扰机体内分泌信号的传导并可能引发肥胖

Z-十八碳-9-烯-丙磺酰胺对糖尿病认知功能障碍小鼠学习记忆功能的影响

探索新化合物Z-十八碳-9-烯-丙磺酰胺（N15）对糖尿病认知功能障碍（DACD）小鼠学习记忆功能的作用及机制。采用链脲佐菌素（STZ）连续小剂量腹腔注射以及高脂高糖加STZ诱导2型糖尿病小鼠模型,N15(50和100mg·kg-1·d-1)连续灌胃给药6周,于给药末期进行跳台、避暗以及Morris水迷宫测试以评价小鼠学习记忆功能;对海马内葡萄糖和乳酸水平进行测定;通过realtimePCR测定海马内突触成长相关蛋白-43（GAP-43）、突触素（SYN）、脑源性生长因子（BDNF）和神经营养因子-3（NT-3）m RNA的表达。结果表明,N15可显著改善模型小鼠学习记忆能力,降低海马内葡萄糖和乳酸含量,显著上调海马内GAP-43、SYN、BDNF和NT-3 m RNA表达水平。上述结果表明,新型化合物N15具有改善糖尿病认知功能障碍的作用,其机制可能与增加海马内突触生长相关因子和神经营养因子表达相关。福建省教育厅资助项目(JAT160583

生物時鐘調控甘藷葉部澱粉合成酵素基因表現之分子機制

在甘藷葉部組織中，澱粉結合性澱粉合成酵素基因(granule-bound starch synthase I; GBSSI)受到生物時鐘的調控，而使其表現呈現槪日韻律現象。且藉由 nuclear run-on transcriptional assay 證明此調控主要是藉由控制GBSSI 基因之啟動 子轉錄作用之速率。為進一步的探討GBSSI 基因的受生物時鐘調控之分子機制 機制，利用GenomeWalker PCR 之方法篩選出GBSSI 之啟動子，並對GBSSI 基 因的啟動子進行序列特性分析，經由序列比對，發現GBSSI 啟動子序列含有四 個circadian clock-associated 1 protein-binding sites (AATCT)、兩個putative circadian regulation elements (CAANNNNATC) 及六段與光線調控相關的 I-box 。利用轉殖阿拉伯芥進行不同長度之甘藷GBSSI 啟動子功能及活性測試， 結果顯示即使將啟動子縮短至690 bp，其仍受生物時鐘調控。另一方面，以阿拉 伯芥為材料，發現大部分參與澱粉生合成之基因（如soluble starch synthase, ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase）的表現均呈現概日韻律，因而推論植物內在生 物時鐘在調控暫存性澱粉生合成之過程中，擔任協調基因表現之功能。A starch granule-bound starch synthase I (GBSSI) gene is regulated by a circadian clock in sweet potato leaves. In order to examine whether the promoter region is responsible for controlling a circadian expression of the GBSSI gene, the sweet potato GBSSI promoter was isolated and deleted to different lengths for functional analysis with a GUS reporter gene in transgenic Arabidopsis plants. Nuclear run-on transcriptional assays showed that the circadian control was regulated at the transcriptional rate level, and de novo synthesized proteins were necessary for controlling the rhythm. Promoter assays showed that the GBSSI promoter fragments containing six I-boxes, two putative circadian regulation elements (CAANNNNATC) and four circadian clock-associated 1 protein-binding sites (AATCT) maintained the activity to induce the circadian expression of the GUS gene. Similar to the GBSSI in sweet potato, GBSSI, soluble starch synthase and ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase genes in Arabidopsis leaves also exhibited a circadian rhythm. These results suggested that common signals may exist in dicotyledonous plants to coordinate the circadian expression of genes involved in the transitory starch synthetic pathway

水稻營養器官中澱粉代謝基因表現之研究(I)水稻葉鞘中澱粉代謝之調控 機制(1/3)

水稻(Oryza sativa L.)葉鞘為一暫存性組織，其在抽穗前累積的澱粉，在抽穗之後會 成為提供榖粒中碳水化合物的來源之ㄧ，此現象為水稻葉鞘sink-source 性質轉換期 間最明顯的特徵，並影響榖粒的產量。然而，控制葉鞘sink-source 轉換時期澱粉合 成及代謝之機制仍然不清楚。在我們的研究中，觀察到水稻劍葉下第二片葉片(-2 葉) 的葉鞘會在抽穗前大量累積澱粉，抽穗之後澱粉含量迅速下降。為了了解水稻 -2 葉 葉鞘澱粉在抽穗期前後含量變化的調控機制，我們利用slot-blot reverse northern 分 析的方法觀察中澱粉生合成、澱粉分解及其他醣類代謝相關酵素的基因表現。結果顯 示，ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase large subunit (AGPL) and small subunit (AGPS), granule-bound starch synthase I (GBSSI), branching enzyme (BE) I, BE IV, soluble starch synthase (SSS) II-2, SSSIII, SSSIV-1, SSSIV-2 在抽穗前會增強表 現，抽穗之後表現量降低。而BEIII, cytosolic 及質體內 fructose-1, 6-bisphosphatase 的表現量則是在抽穗時明顯達到最高峰。澱粉分解相關酵素α-amylase 和蔗糖代謝 相關酵素sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS), invertase 及sucrose transporter (SUT)1, SUT2 則是在抽穗之後提高表現量。結果顯示這些基因可能為影響澱粉含量 在抽穗期前後變化之主要因子。藉此，我們將更進一步探討此些基因表現之調控機 制，以了解水稻葉鞘 sink-source 轉換的調控機制。Starch accumulated in rice (Oryza sativa L.) leaf sheath before heading and degradation for providing carbon source to panicles after heading is an important factor to affect the grain yield. However, the mechanisms for controlling the starch synthesis and metabolism in leaf sheath at the sink-source transition stage are still unclear. In this study, starch content change during the heading period in the second leaf sheath (-2 leaf sheath) below flag leaf was observed. In order to understand the regulatory mechanism of starch content change during heading period, expressions of 18 genes involved in starch synthesis and degradation were identified during this period. Besides, expressions of several genes related to nitrogen metabolism, sucrose biosynthesis and photosynthesis were also determined in -2 leaf sheath. Among carbohydrate metabolism-related genes, the reverse northern hybridization data showed that the mRNA level of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase large subunit (AGPL) and small subunit (AGPS), granule-bound starch synthase I (GBI), branching enzyme (BE) IV, soluble starch synthase(SSS) II-2, SSSIII, SSSIV-1, SSSIV-2 were increased before heading and decreased after heading. The transcript acumulations of BEIII, cytosolic and plastidic form of frutose-1, 6-bisphosphatase were increased at the time of heading. The results were suggested these gene expressions could be related to the sink-source transition of -2 leaf sheath. On the other hand, sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) gene expressions were more active after heading

国際競争の下での大学改革と産業発展効果 : 台湾の事例

一般講演要

產婦對無線射頻系統應用於親子同室之接受度研究

[[abstract]]背景：無線射頻科技近年來被引用在健康照護上，以預防醫療疏失、監測不良反應及改善病患安全。 目的：本研究架構採科技接受模式為基礎，加入身體風險概念，探討在母嬰安全照護上導入主動式無線射頻系統（Radio Frequency Identification, RFID）後，有關科技系統使用的可靠性、安全性與親子同室照護等影響因素及其對資訊科技的接受度及感受，以做為日後母嬰照護服務之參考。 方法：本研究為橫斷式研究，以自擬問卷調查探討產婦對使用無線射頻辨識系統於照護品質、科技接受度、身體風險之影響。以2012年11月至2013年1月於北部某醫學中心之產婦為研究對象，共收案81人。 結果：產婦對母嬰照護品質皆達75%以上之滿意度；在母嬰照護品質、科技接受度及身體風險各構面間介於中至高度相關（r值.55−.90），母嬰照護品質的預測因子為使用行為意向及高度的系統可靠性（R^2=.50, p ＜ .01）；在開放性問題中，產婦希望RFID標籤可以更小巧輕便、不須擔心RFID用於人體安全性及警報裝置可隨時啟動且能與父母親的手機或電腦結合。結論：RFID可應用於醫療機構以提供更安全、多元化的照護服務。 Background: Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology may be used in healthcare to help prevent treatment errors, detect adverse events, and improve patient safety. Purpose: This study is based on the technology acceptance model, with the addition of physical risk concept to explore the use of the RFID system in postpartum care as well as patient perceptions of system reliability, security, room‐in care, and information technology use. Methods: This cross‐sectional study distributed a self‐developed questionnaire to postpartum women who had received the RFID system. The questionnaire assessed patient perceptions of rooming‐care quality, technology acceptance, and physical risks. Data were collected in one medical center in Taiwan from November 2012 to January 2013 with 81 participants in total. Results: Participants reported a 75% mean satisfaction with rooming‐in care. An average to high relationship was identified among quality of care, technology acceptance, and physical risks (r ranges from .55 to .90), In addition, behavioral intention and high system reliability were identified as predictors of care quality (R2=.50, p ＜ .01). In terms of responses to the open‐ended question, the participants suggested the use of smaller and more convenient RFID tags, expressed trust in the general safety of using RFIDs, and recommended allowing the alert device to be activated anytime via the parent's cell phone or laptop. Conclusion: The use of RFID healthcare offers the potential to provide safer and more diverse patient care

英語動詞與主詞的倒序

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