Drug Addicts Mental Health Conditions and Their Relations with Relapse Reasons

目的: 通过对比研究探讨吸毒者的自尊、抑郁、焦虑等心理健康状况及其复吸原因。方法: 采用自尊量表、Carrol 抑郁量表(CRS)、状态- 特质焦虑问卷及复吸原因问卷, 对260 名吸毒类及经济类劳教人员进行问卷调查。结果: ①吸毒者的自尊与抑郁、焦虑评分均呈显著负相关。不同教养类型的劳教人员在抑郁, 焦虑维度上差异显著, 吸毒者, 尤其女性程度更高; ②在复吸原因选择上, 心理因素是复吸者选择最多的因素, 且复吸原因与心理状况呈显著相关。结论: ①吸毒者的自尊、抑郁以及焦虑等心理健康状况之间存在显著相关, 吸毒者, 尤其是吸毒女性的抑郁、焦虑程度明显高于其它劳教人员; ②心理因素是导致吸毒者复吸的重要原因, 而复吸原因又与吸毒者心理健康状况相互关联。该研究提示了在这一领域进行深入探讨的必要性

肾脏-胰岛联合移植研究进展

糖尿病肾病是糖尿病最严重的并发症,可通过间质及肾小管纤维化等机制导致肾脏功能衰竭,最终进展为终末期肾脏病（end stage renal disease,ESRD）[1-2]。既往认为,糖尿病肾病及其他慢性肾病患者更容易死于心血管疾病而不是ESRD,但是据一份2型糖尿病（type 2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM）随访统计,ESRD导致的死亡比心血管疾病更为

Relationship between Depression,Anxiety and Cardiac Events after Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting

目的:前瞻、序列、对比研究我科行冠状动脉旁路移植术(coronary artery bypass grafting,CABG)的患者术后1年抑郁、焦虑的状况以及心血管事件的发生率。方法:2005年10月至2006年8月,以我科连续行择期CABG术的69例患者为对象,分别在术前1周内、术后出院前1天、术后1年使用ZUNG氏抑郁自评量表和焦虑自评量表进行抑郁、焦虑状态评分,同时随访术后1年的心血管事件的发生率。结果:术前24例(34.8%)存在抑郁焦虑状态,出院前33例(47.8%)存在抑郁焦虑状态,术后1年随访时10例(14.5%)存在抑郁焦虑状态。术后1年随访时共有6例(8.7%)患者发生心血管病事件,其中5例再次入院。术前存在抑郁焦虑的患者与不存在抑郁焦虑的患者相比:术后住院时间延长[(19±8)dvs.(16±6)d,P=0.003],容易出现伤口并发症(3/24vs.0/45,P=0.039),出院前和术后12月随访时不良情绪的发生率较高(分别为75%vs.33%,P=0.001;29%vs.7%,P=0.017);随访时存在抑郁焦虑的患者与不存在抑郁焦虑的患者相比:术前和术后发生心律失常更多见(3/1..

斑节对虾的遗传育种研究

斑节对虾(Penaeus monodon)俗称草虾,是世界三大养殖虾类之一。广泛分布于印度洋和西太平洋,也是我国本土优质对虾资源之一,但尚未形成遗传稳定的养殖品系,养殖种苗除少数来自海捕外,绝大多数通过人工繁殖获得。供人工繁殖的亲虾主要来自两方面:一是捕捞野生怀卵虾,二是通过摘除眼柄和人工诱导野生雌虾性成熟和产卵,但二者均依赖野生资源。斑节对虾养殖的迅速发展对野生资源造成了极大的压力,过度开发势必引起种质的退化;同时,长期依赖野生亲体培育苗种产生了一些弊端,如亲体携带病毒,养殖对象生长减慢,抗病力下降等。因此,为保护野生资源和阻止野生虾类遗传多样性的丧失,尽快形成遗传稳定的养殖品系显得尤为迫切

雷帕霉素衍生物对胰岛的毒性研究

目的探讨雷帕霉素及其衍生物依维莫司、地磷莫司、佐他莫司对胰岛的毒性作用。方法采用小鼠胰岛素瘤细胞(MIN6)作为体外研究胰岛细胞的对象,分别在含有依维莫司、地磷莫司、佐他莫司的培养基中孵育MIN6细胞48小时,通过Brdu检测细胞增殖、CCK8检测细胞活力、PI检测细胞周期、流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡以及ELISA检测细胞分泌胰岛素功能,观察3种雷帕霉素衍生物对MIN6细胞的影响。结果我们发现3种雷帕霉素衍生物均会对MIN6细胞的增殖和活力产生抑制作用。在细胞周期和凋亡实验中,与阴性对照组比较,3种衍生物对MIN6细胞的影响呈现抑制G1期向S期转变的趋势和促进细胞凋亡的趋势,但差异没有统计学意义。另外,3种衍生物与雷帕霉素一样,均可减少MIN6细胞分泌胰岛素,差异具有统计学意义。结论雷帕霉素及其衍生物依维莫司、地磷莫司、佐他莫司均对胰岛产生一定毒性。国家自然科学基金项目(31271038,81302546

A Spatio-Temporal Correlation Analysis of Water Quality and Economic Growth in the Jiulong River Basin

以闽西南地区的九龙江流域为例,综合采用数理统计、gIS技术和环境库兹涅茨曲线(EkC)方法,对该流域1981—2009年经济发展与河流水质变化进行时空关联分析。结果表明,九龙江流域呈现“第1产业缓增,第2、3产业产值增加较快“的总体经济格局,农业污染突出;农业种植面积呈现先增加后减少趋势,流域氮、磷肥平均施用强度呈线性增加趋势;氮、磷肥平均折纯施用量之比从1981年的4∶1下降到2009年的2∶1,引起水化学改变并增加水华发生风险;各县(市、区)污染源结构存在明显差异,河流水质变化和沿程分布与流域社会经济布局有很好的空间相关性;北溪流域畜禽养殖业的过快发展、西溪流域以经济作物为主的农业种植结构和高强度施肥、低效率利用是导致河流水质从20世纪90年代开始富营养化的主要原因;EkC曲线尚未出现明显拐点,若农业污染不能得到有效控制,流域水环境将持续恶化;九龙江水质演变规律是流域社会经济布局、污染源排放强度和方式发生变化的综合作用结果。Based on the 1981-2009 dataset of the socio-economic and water environment of the Jiulong River Basin,an important region of the Western Taiwan Strait Economic Zone,the spatio-temporal relationship of river water quality with economic growth in the basin was analyzed,using statistical tools,GIS technique and environmental Kuznets curve(EKC) method.Compared with the rapidly growing secondary and tertiary industries,the slowly but steadily growing primary industry stood out in pollution creation.It increased first and then decreased in cultivated area,and showed a linear rise in mean N and P fertilization intensity.Its N ∶P ratio(on a net nutrient basis) in fertilization declined from 4 ∶1 in 1981 to 2 ∶1 in 2009,which led to changes in nutrient stoichiometry of the river water,thus increasing the risk of algal bloom in the river.Marked differences existed between counties(cities or districts) in structure of pollution sources.The changes in water quality and the distribution of pollution along the river were closely related to the disposition of the socio-economy in space.The overgrowth of animal husbandry in the northern part of the Jiulong River Basin and the cash crop-based agricultural structure and the highly intensive,but low-in-use-efficiency fertilization in the western part of the Jiulong River Basin,were the causes triggering degradation(eutrophication) of the water quality since the 1990s.So far,the EKC curve has not yet shown any apparent turning point,indicating that water quality of the basin will go on degrading unless the pollution from agriculture is effectively controlled.厦门市重大科技平台项目(3502Z20091005);福建省自然科学基金(2010J05153);中国科学院城市环境与健康重点实验室(城市环境研究所)开放基金(KLUEH201008

Characteristics of Sediment Phosphorus in the Jiulong River-Reservoir System and Its Ecological Significance

采用沉积物磷形态的标准测试方法 (SMT)分析了九龙江北溪河流-库区系统16个站位的沉积物磷含量和形态组成,探讨了该系统沉积物磷的空间分布、形态特征及其生态学意义.结果表明,沉积物总磷(TP)的含量为387~2 092 Mg.kg-1,平均1 032 Mg.kg-1.以无机磷(IP)为主要赋存形态,IP占TP的48%~98%,而IP中以铁铝结合态磷(fE/Al-P)为主,占IP的43%~99%.TP和fE/Al-P含量呈现上游高、下游低的空间分布规律,与表层水dTP含量和陆源污染负荷的分布一致.北溪沉积物TP含量的高低主要受fE/Al-P控制.沉积物富磷、高fE/Al-P比例(释放潜力大)以及“上游高下游低“的空间分布特征,加上九龙江上游水体较低的氮磷比值属于藻类生长磷弱限制,极可能是九龙江水华首先在上游暴发并向下游库区蔓延的主要原因.九龙江沉积物磷的这些特征在水华过程中具有重要的调控作用和生态学意义.Sediment phosphorus(P) content and component ratio from 16 sites along the North Jiulong River-reservoir system were analyzed using the Standard Measurement and Test(SMT) procedure.The spatial pattern and characteristics of sediment P and its ecological significance in the Jiulong River-reservoir system were examined in combination with water measurement and watershed information.Total P content in sediments ranged from 387 to 2 092 mg.kg-1 with an average of 1 032 mg.kg-1.Inorganic phosphorus(IP) dominated P in sediment,accounting for 48%-98% of TP,and Fe/Al-bound phosphorus(Fe/Al-P) took 43%-99% of IP.The spatial pattern of sediment showed that TP and Fe / Al-P were higher in upstream and lower in downstream,corresponding to the spatial variation of surface water P and land-based loads from animal waste,human waste and fertilizer loss.Spatial variation of TP in sediment was controlled by Fe / Al-P along the North Jiulong River.The P-rich sediment with a great release potential due to the high ratio of Fe / Al-P,the typical spatial pattern,and the lower N / P ratio observed in upstream water(where phytoplankton growth tends to be weakly limited by phosphorus),are likely to explain the fact that algal blooms first appear in the upstream and then spread to downstream reservoirs along the North Jiulong River.Present findings concerning sediment P characteristics indicate an important regulating effect and the ecological significance on the process of algal blooms in the Jiulong River.中央高校基本科研业务费专项(2012121053); 国家自然科学基金项目(41076042

Effects of Self-interest on Attitude During High Personal Involvement

目的:考察个人利益与青少年社会态度之间的关系及发展趋势。方法:以高考政策改变的提案作为高自我卷入事件,控制被试的利益得失,让被试预测他人的态度并表达自己的态度。结果:16岁的儿童组和21岁的大学生组被试不仅预测同伴的态度与个人利益一致,而且他们自己的态度也与个人利益一致; 13岁儿童组被试并没有根据个人利益原则来预测同伴的态度或表达自己的态度。结论:自我利益卷入程度高时,随着个体年龄增长,个体会认为他人态度受个人利益的影响,个体自己也会表达同个人利益一致的态度

联合应用共刺激通路阻断剂诱导小鼠记忆性心脏移植耐受的研究

目的 探索联合应用共刺激通路阻断剂诱导记忆性心脏移植耐受的方法。方法 皮肤预致敏小鼠,过继转移同种反应性记忆性T细胞(Tm),构建小鼠同种异体心脏移植模型后再联合阻断效应及Tm激活途径,通过观察各组移植物平均存活时间、移植物排斥程度,检测脾脏中CD44高表达细胞数、脾细胞增殖情况和移植物中相关基因相对表达量等指标探讨其可能的作用机制。结果 (1)未处理小鼠脾脏中Tm占6.52﹪,而预致敏小鼠脾脏中Tm占26.5﹪;(2)平均存活时间为对照组5.17d,联合应用CTLA4Ig和anti-CD40L(二联用药)组10.33d,再联合应用anti-LFA-1和anti-OX40L(四联用药)组均>100d;(3)移植物排斥对照组均为4级,二联用药组?3B级,四联用药组为0级;(4)只有对照组脾脏物中CD44高表达;(5)对照组与二联用药组脾细胞增殖程度(t=2.91,P=0.027)明显高于四联用药组;(6)治疗组的移植物中IL-2、IFN-γ和Foxp3基因的表达量明显低于对照组(t=6.51,t=9.94,t=6.15,P=0.00,P=0.00,P=0.00),并且四联用药组IL-10基因表达量明显升高(t=4.71,P=0.003)。结论 对于记忆性心脏移植模型,只有联合阻断效应和Tm才可获得移植物长期耐受,其机制可能是明显降低移植物和移植受者细胞免疫应答水平的同时,诱导移植物中表达大量IL-10分泌性Tr1细胞

Heat Dissipation Modeling Research of High Power LED Spot Lamp for Lighting

散热问题是lEd灯具成为新一代照明光源亟待解决的关键问题之一。提出一种lEd灯具散热建模方法:选用lEd射灯作为代表产品进行散热建模研究,采用三维造型软件建立lEd灯具产品三维模型,然后导入有限元流体热分析软件(Cfd)进行热仿真。研究散热仿真过程中的热阻设置、热量载荷计算和边界条件设定等关键问题,并求解lEd射灯的工作温度分布情况;将仿真分析结果与实验室测试数据进行对比分析研究。研究结果表明,运用该方法可以对室内照明lEd灯具进行较为准确的散热分析,仿真温度误差在4℃左右,仿真结果对灯具开发设计具有重要参考价值。Heat dissipation is one of the key problems need to be solved for LED lamps as a new generation of lighting light.A heat dissipation modeling method was presented for the LED lamp.The LED spot lamp was selected for dissipative research,3D models were established by modeling softwares,then the models were transferred into finite element thermal analysis software(CFD) for simulation.Several key aspects such as thermal resistance setting,heat load calculation and boundary conditions were considered in the analysis process,and the simulation result was compared with laboratory test data.The results show that the method can be used for accurate thermal analysis simulation of indoor LED lighting,with the temperature error less than 4 ℃,and the simulation result is of a great reference value for lighting design.国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAE01B10); 国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)资助项目(2011AA03A109