模糊控制课程实验体系设计与实现

分析模糊控制课程实验教学过程中存在的问题,提出一个从仿真软件到实体机器人上进行模糊控制实验的实验体系。该体系由三个由易到难并逐步深入的环节组成:1)采用MATlAb模糊工具箱设计模糊控制器;2)在WEbOTS仿真软件环境下,实现编程语言环境下的模糊控制仿真实验;3)实现在实体机器人上的模糊伺服控制系统。国家自然科学基金(60975084

动脉型肺动脉高压治疗研究进展

动脉型肺动脉高压（PAH）是一种慢性进展性心肺疾病，其主要病理改变是血管收缩和肺动脉增生性重构以及右心室肥厚引起肺动脉压力持续升高。深入探究PAH发病机制可以发现，其相关途径有血管增生、血管壁重构、氧化应激、炎症反应与基因调控等。虽然近年来PAH在治疗方面取得很大进展，但其死亡率仍然很高，当前临床治疗方法并未有效改善预后，该病对患者身体、社会、工作和情感等方面产生了很大影响。本文将对PAH治疗方面最新研究进行综述，以期为PAH临床治疗提供新的线索

TGF-β1 induces activation of HSC-T6 cells and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in rats

目的探讨转化生长因子-β1（TGF-β1）在大鼠肝星状细胞系（HSC-T6）活化及上皮间质转换（EMT）中的作用。方法体外培养HSC-T6，用MTT法筛选TGF-β1对HSC-T6作用的最佳浓度；用10μg／L TGF-β1处理HSC-T624h，相差倒置显微镜下观察细胞形态改变，免疫荧光染色法检测细胞骨架结构F-actin蛋白的表达，RT-qPCR法检测肌动蛋白α-SMA及代表上皮间质转换的神经黏附素（N-cadherin）、波形蛋白（vimentin）和上皮黏附素（E-cadherin）基因表达；用不同浓度（0、5和10μg/L）的TGF-β1处理HSC-T624h，Western blot检测α-SMA、N-cadherin、vimentin和E-cadherin蛋白表达。结果10μg/L TGF-β1干预HSC-T624h有最好的细胞存活率；TGF-β1刺激HSC-T6后，细胞拉伸，伪足增多呈星形，细胞间连接疏松，呈显著活化状态；F-actin聚集形成应力纤维丝，沿细胞长轴分布；实验组α-SMA mRNA及vimentin mRNA的表达量明显高于对照组（P〈0．05），而E-cadherin mRNA的表达量明显降低（P〈0．05）；在不同浓度的TGF-β1呈剂量依赖性致α-SMA及N-cadherin和vimentin的蛋白表达量增多，而E-cadherin的蛋白表达量减少。结论TGF-β1可诱导HSC-T6活化及上皮间质转换。Objective To observe the effect of TGF-β1 on activation and epithelial mesenchymal transition （EMT） in rat hepatic stellate cell-T6. Methods Adopt the MTT method to screen the optimum concentration of TGF-β1 in vitro HSC-T6 cultured. After the HSC-T6 stimulation by TGF-β1 of 10 μg/L for 24 hours, the morphology of the cells was observed under inverted phase contrast microscope, the expression of F-actin which on behalf of cotoskeletal structure was detected by immunofluorescence staining; the expression of α-SMA and N-cadherin, vimentin, E-eadherin was measured by RT-qPCR ; The changes of α-SMA, N-cadherin, vimentin and E-eadherin were assessed by Western blot after different concentrations （0,5 and 10 μg/L） of TGF-β1 interventing HSC-T6 for 24 h. Results The optimal cell survival rate was recorded when 10 μg/L TGF-β1 dealt with cells for 24 h. After HSC-T6 were treated with TGF-β1 ,cells stretched, pseudopodia increased and turn into stellate, ceils connections were looser, so that represented a significantly activated state. F-actin filaments gathered to form stress and distributed along the long axis of the cells ; The expression of α-SMA mRNA and vimentin mRNA in experimental group was significantly higher while E-cadherin mRNA was obviously lower than the control group （P〈 0. 05）. TGF-β1 made the protein expression of α-SMA and N-cadherin, vimentin in dose-dependent increased while E-cadherin was decreased.Conclusions TGF-β1 may induce activation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of HSC-T6.福建省科技计划（2015Y01010224）;福州市科技计划（2014-S-137-1

Screening research on effective parts of Alisma orientalis( Samuel. ) Juzep. associated with blood glucose decrease in type 2 diabetic mice

目的初步探索泽泻[Alisma orientalis(Samuel.)Juzep.]降低2型糖尿病小鼠血糖的有效部位。方法采用超声提取法获得泽泻乙醇提取物,再分别用石油醚、乙酸乙酯、水饱和正丁醇和水相进行萃取分离,得到的泽泻乙醇提取物及其各溶剂萃取物应用于腹腔注射烟碱、链脲霉素诱导的2型糖尿病小鼠模型。造模成功后,将动物分组,其中空白对照组(未注射链脲霉素和烟碱的小鼠)和2型糖尿病模型组小鼠连续灌胃0.9%Na Cl溶液21 d(灌胃剂量为10μl/g),测试药物组分别连续灌胃泽泻乙醇提取物、泽泻石油醚萃取物、泽泻乙酸乙酯萃取物、泽泻正丁醇萃取物、泽泻水萃取物21 d(各测试药物灌胃高、中、低剂量分别为100μg/g、50μg/g、25μg/g),阳性对照组连续灌胃罗格列酮溶液21 d(灌胃剂量为10μg/g),每组8只小鼠,筛选具有降低2型糖尿病小鼠血糖的泽泻有效部位。用具有降低2型糖尿病小鼠血糖的有效部位处理3T3-L1前脂肪细胞,观察其对前脂肪细胞分化过程的影响。结果与2型糖尿病模型组比较,连续灌胃泽泻乙酸乙酯萃取物21 d(剂量为100μg/g)降低了2型糖尿病小鼠的血糖,改善了口服葡萄糖耐受试验(oral glucose tolerance test,OGTT)过程中的糖耐量(P<0.01)。1 mg/L和10 mg/L的泽泻乙酸乙酯萃取层均能促进前脂肪细胞的分化过程。结论泽泻乙酸乙酯萃取物降低了2型糖尿病小鼠血糖,促进了3T3-L1前脂肪细胞分化,但其具体作用机制尚需深入研究。Objective To explore the effective parts of Alisma orientalis( Samuel.) Juzep. associated with blood glucose decrease in type 2 diabetic mice.Methods Ethanol extracts from A. orientalis were obtained by ultrasonic extraction. Then,the ethanol extract was extracted and separated with petroleum ether,ethyl acetate,water saturated n-butanol and water respectively. After decompressing concentration,these solvent extractions were applied to type 2 diabetic mice model induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin and nicotine. After successful modeling,the mice were divided into the blank control group( without injection of streptozotocin and nicotine),model group of type 2 diabetes mellitus,positive control group and test drug groups,8 in each group. The blank control group and model group were treated with 0. 9% Na Cl at the dose of 10μl / g,the test drug groups were treated with corresponding extracts from different solvent extractions described above at the high-,mid-,low-dose of 100,50,25 μg / g respectively. The positive control group was treated with rosiglitazone at the dose of10μg / g. The treatment course was 21 days for intragastric administration. The effective parts of Alisma orientalis( Samuel.) Juzep. associated with blood glucose decrease in type 2 diabetic mice were screened and then the effect of the screened effective part on the differentiation of 3T3-L1 pre-adipocyte was observed.Results Compared with the model group,the blood glucose was decreased after the intragastric administration with ethyl acetate extract of A. orientalis at dose of100μg / g for 21 days and the glucose tolerance during the oral glucose tolerance test( OGTT) was improved( P < 0. 01). The differentiation of pre-adipocyte was promoted when the ethyl acetate extract of A. orientalis at the concentration of 1 mg / L and 10 mg / L. Conclusion The ethyl acetate extract of A. orientalis reduced the blood glucose in type 2 diabetic mice and promoted the differentiation of 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes,but the specific mechanism still need to be further studied.福建省科技厅自然科学基金青年创新项目;; 厦门市卫计委资助项目(2014D008),厦门市卫计委资助项目(2015-ZQN-JC-45);; 福建省卫生系统中青年骨干人才培养项目基础项目;; 福建省科技厅自然科学基金(2015J01065);; 福建省教育厅中青年教师教育科研项目杰青项目(JA14421),福建省教育厅中青年教师教育科研项目(JA13425);; 厦门市科技局科技计划高校创新项目(3502Z20143026),厦门市科技局科技计划项目(3502Z20144031);; 厦门医学高等专科学校科研基金(Z2013-12,Z2013-25

Source apportionment of water-soluble ions in spring TSP of Pengjia Islet, Taiwan

于2010年春季,在台湾省北部东海海域彭佳屿岛采集了60个总悬浮颗粒(TSP)样品,用离子色谱测定了8种水溶性离子(Na~+、Mg~(2+)、; Ca~(2+)、K~+、NH_4~+、Cl~-、SO_4~(2-)和NO_3~-)浓度.结合HYSPLIT气团后向轨迹模型、离子化学计量学关系、; 离子相关性分析和主成分分析,探讨了彭佳屿岛春季TSP中水溶性离子的主要来源.结果表明:彭佳屿岛春季TSP中水溶性离子质量浓度顺序依次为SO_4~; (2-)(7.704.53)mug/m~3> Cl~-(6.17 3.85)mug/m~3>Na~+(4.59 ; 2.28)mug/m~3>NO_3~-(4.24 3.07)mug/m~3>NH_4~+(1.53 ; 1.20)mug/m~3>Ca~(2+)(0.95 1.47)mug/m~3>Mg~(2+)(0.59 ; 0.30)mug/m~3>K~+(0.310.17)mug/m~3.其中Cl~-、Na~+和Mg~(2+)全部来源于海洋源;K~+来源较多,除了; 海洋源外,煤和生物质燃烧以及陆源矿物等都可能是彭佳屿岛春季TSP中K~+的来源;60%的Ca~(2+)来源于当地的建筑粉尘;77%的SO_4~(; 2-)源于煤和生物质燃烧释放;NO_3~-主要源于汽车尾气、煤和生物质燃烧等释放;NH_4~+主要来源于二次气溶胶和生物质燃烧等.通过整合本研究; 与前人的观测,发现在春季从中国东北至西北太平洋开阔海域,TSP中Cl~-、Na~+和Mg~(2+)的浓度在空间上呈现逐渐升高趋势,而Ca~(2+; )、K~+、NH_4~+、SO_4~(2-)和NO_3~-的浓度在空间上呈现逐渐下降趋势,显示了TSP中不同水溶性离子在海洋大气传输过程中的空间; 变化特征.In spring of 2010, sixty total suspended particulate (TSP) samples we; collected in Pengjia Islet, northern sea of Taiwan, China. The; concentrations of water-soluble ions (Na~+, Mg~(2+), Ca~(2+), K~+,; NH_4~+, Cl~-, SO_4~(2-) and NO_3~-) in the TSP samples were extracted; and then determined using an Ion Chromatography. Using these data, we; investigated the sources of water-soluble ions by a multiple-technique; analysis combining with the HYSPLIT model, ion stoichiometry,; correlation analysis of water-soluble ions and primary component; analysis. According to a decreasing order in the average mass; concentration, these ions ranked as SO_4~(2-)(7.704.53)mug/m~3,; Cl~-(6.173.85)mug/m~3, Na~+(4.592.28)mug/m~3, NO_3~-(4.24 3.07)mug/m~3,; NH_4~+(1.531.20)mug/m~3, Ca~(2+)(0.951.47)mug/m~3,; Mg~(2+)(0.590.30)mug/m~3 and K~+(0.310.17)mug/m~3. The sea water was; identified as the dominant source for Cl~-, Na~+ and Mg~(2+). Besides; the contribution from the sea salt, the K~+ had other sources, such as; coal and biomass burning, and mineral etc. 60% Ca~(2+) came from the; local construction dust, while 77% SO_4~(2-) originated from coal and; biomass burning. The NO_3~- dominantly sourced from the vehicle exhaust,; coal and biomass burning, while NH_4~+ totally originated from the; second inorganic aerosol and biomass burning. By combining our results; with previous findings, in spring, the concentrations of Cl~-, Na~+ and; Mg~(2+) in TSP increased gradually from the Northeast of China to the; Northwest Pacific Ocean; on the contrary, the Ca~(2+), K~+, NH_4~+,; SO_4~(2-) and NO_3~- in TSP decreased gradually. The spatial; characteristics of different water-soluble ions in TSP were associated; with their long-range transport in the marine boundary layer.国家973计划项目; 国家自然科学基金项目台湾海峡联合基金资助项目; 东华理工大学校科技创新团队科研启动基金项目; 江西省教育厅科技项目;; 东华理工大学博士科研启动基金项

槐花提取物降血糖活性研究

目的研究槐花Sophora japonica L.(Leguminosae)提取物对2型糖尿病小鼠降血糖活性。方法通过超声提取法获得槐花乙醇提取物。使用腹腔注射烟碱和链脲霉素诱导的2型糖尿病小鼠模型和3T3-L1前脂肪细胞分化模型,检测槐花乙醇提取物对小鼠血糖的影响和对3T3-L1前脂肪细胞分化的影响。结果槐花乙醇提取物灌胃剂量每日100μg/g,连续灌胃给药3周,降低了2型糖尿病小鼠的血糖,改善口服葡萄糖耐受试验OGTT过程中的糖耐量。0.4 mg/L和0.8 mg/L的槐花乙醇提取物均能促进3T3-L1前脂肪细胞分化。结论槐花乙醇提取物降低2型糖尿病小鼠血糖,促进3T3-L1前脂肪细胞分化,具体作用机制有待进一步研究。福建省教育厅中青年教师教育科研项目(JA13425);福建省教育厅中青年教师教育科研项目杰青项目(JA14421);福建省卫生系统中青年骨干人才培养项目基础项目;厦门市卫计委资助项目(2015-ZQN-JC-45);厦门市卫计委资助项目(2014D008);福建省科技厅自然科学基金青年创新项目;福建省科技厅自然科学基金项目(2015J01065);厦门市科技局科技计划高校创新项目(3502Z20143026);厦门市科技局科技计划项目(3502Z20144031);厦门医学院科研基金(Z2013-12、Z2013-25

铜锌原子比对CuO-ZnO/Al_2O_3催化剂合成甲醇性能的影响

以铝乳液的形式引入Al,采用反加共沉淀法制备了一系列Cu与Zn的原子比(简称Cu/Zn原子比)不同的CuO-ZnO/Al2O3催化剂;以合成气为原料,在固定床微型连续流动反应器中评价了CuO-ZnO/Al2O3催化剂合成甲醇的性能;采用XRD、H2-TPR和BET等方法对催化剂进行了表征,考察了Cu/Zn原子比对CuO-ZnO/Al2O3催化剂合成甲醇性能的影响。实验结果表明,Cu/Zn原子比的变化对催化剂前体的物相组成和催化剂的活性有明显影响;当Cu/Zn原子比为3时,催化剂的初活性和耐热后活性最高,其前体中含有较多的锌-孔雀石相((Cu,Zn)2CO3(OH)2),该物相分解时生成还原温度较低的CuO-ZnO固溶体,使Cu与Zn的相互作用增强,提高了催化剂的活性

一种Ag纳米粒子嵌入的复合材料制备与光催化性能研究

将Zn O纳米线阵列作为模板,采用射频和直流磁控溅射法,结合快速退火工艺制备了Zn O/Ti O2/Ag/Zn Se复合光催化材料。利用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪、透射电镜、紫外可见吸收光度计、拉曼谱仪等仪器分别考察了复合纳米线的形貌、结构、光学性质和催化性能。研究结果表明,在Zn Se半导体敏化和Ag纳米粒子诱导表面等离激元的共振作用下,复合材料在紫外光和可见光方面表现出了良好的光吸收性能和光催化性能

Oil Spill identification by near-infrared spectroscopy coupled with clustering analysis based on principle components

鉴于目前没有一种方法能独立解决溢油鉴别的所有问题,本文提出了近红外光谱技术结合主成分聚类分析鉴别溢油种类的方法。通过有机溶剂萃取出自行配制的汽油、柴油和润滑油模拟样品中的溢油后记录其近红外光谱,对5800～6200cm-1区段范围内的谱图经多元散射校正(MSC)、Norris一阶导数平滑预处理处理后求其主成分,并在主成分的基础上引入Ward聚类分析法(离差平方和法)对样品分类。结果表明近红外光谱技术结合聚类分析能对体积分数在0.4～0.8mL/L间的海面溢油样品正确、快速分类,近红外光谱技术结合主成分聚类可作为溢油鉴别的一种辅助方法。Owing to none of the existing method can do it all for oil identification, but a method by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR) coupled with clustering based on principle components is proposed. Petroleum oil stimulating samples of gasoline, diesel fuel and lubricating oil were employed to develop the method. NIR spectra ranges of 5800～6200cm~(-1) were recorded with the multiplicative signal correction and Norris first derivative filter pretreatments. The clustering analysis by Ward's method base on the different principle components was discussed. The results show that the method provides the rapid and accurate classification for spilled oil with concentration between 0.4～0.8 μL/L.国家高技术发展计划(863)资助项目(2001AA635040