Modeling Influence of Temperature and Salinity on Growth Rate of Larva in Noble Scallop,Chlamys nobilis(Reeve) by Response Surface Methodology(RSM)

采用中心复合设计(CEnTrAl COMPOSITE dESIgn,CCd)的试验设计法研究了温度和盐度2个环境因子对华贵栉孔扇贝幼虫生长的影响。同时采用响应曲面分析法及基于响应曲面基础之上的满意度函数法确立了生长的二次回归方程,同时进行优化处理得到温度与盐度的最佳组合。结果表明,在华贵栉孔扇贝幼虫生长过程中温度与盐度在一定的范围内的互作效应不显著,其中温度效应较为明显。温度对壳长瞬时生长影响的一次项效应和二次项效应均达到显著水平(P<0.000 1)。盐度对壳长瞬时生长影响一次项效应显著(P<0.000 1),然而,盐度对壳长瞬时生长影响的二次项效应达到显著水平(P<0.000 1)。分析响应曲面法优化温度和盐度对华贵栉孔扇贝幼虫壳长瞬时生长率的影响,其结果显示最佳温度与盐度组合为25.33℃与29.42‰,此条件下瞬时生长率为7.91%,其满意度函数值达到85.57%。在生产实践中,严格控制温度和盐度范围,使其在最优值范围内,将会显著提高苗种生产效率。In this study,the combined effects of temperature and salinity on the instantaneous growth rate(IGR) of larva in noble scallop,Chlamys nobilis,was evaluated using the central composite orthogonal quadratic design and the response surface methodology.The results showed that the linear effects of temperature on IGR was statistically highly significant(P<0.000 1);the linear effects of salinity on IGR was significant(P<0.000 1).The interactions between temperature and salinity on IGR was not significant;the quadratic effects of temperature and salinity on the IGR was highly significant(P<0.000 1);temperature was more important in influencing growth of larvaof C.nobilis.By applying the simultaneous optimization technique,the optimum factor combination,i.e.,25.33 ℃ and 29.42‰ was found out,at which the optimal IGR(7.91%)arrived simultaneously,with the desirability value as high as 85.57 %.It is anticipated that application of the optimal temperature-salinity combination to practice would improve the productive efficiency of C.nobilis.国家自然科学基金(31160528); 国家海洋公益性行业科研专项(201405020-5); 海洋公益专项科研基金(201205021); 南海生物资源开发与利用协同创新中

干湿循环下花岗岩残积土抗剪强度及边坡稳定性分析

为研究干湿循环对花岗岩残积土抗剪强度特性和抗剪强度参数的影响,分析花岗岩残积土边坡的稳定性,改进了常规的单元试验方法.以整个花岗岩残积土边坡为试验对象进行干湿循环模拟,在每次循环后直接在边坡坡面上切取花岗岩残积土试样进行直剪试验.在此基础上,利用有限元软件ABAQUS对一实际边坡进行了干湿循环的数值模拟,在每次循环模拟前对上一次模拟结果进行分析,将等效塑性应变较大区域的土体强度进行适当折减,分析每次循环后花岗岩残积土边坡的应力应变、稳定性以及塑性变形.试验结果表明:花岗岩残积土的抗剪强度随干湿循环次数、循环幅度的增加而减小,其中黏聚力值衰减明显,内摩擦角的变化相对较小,在3～5次干湿循环后抗剪强度趋于稳定;通过数据分析得到干湿循环的黏聚力公式,进一步得到了干湿循环条件下花岗岩残积土的抗剪强度公式;干湿循环作用导致边坡稳定性降低,安全系数减小,且第一次干湿循环后安全系数的降幅最大

垂体促甲状腺激素瘤的临床特点分析和治疗

目的探讨垂体促甲状腺激素瘤(垂体TSH瘤)导致中枢性甲亢的临床特点及治疗,为临床治疗提供参考。方法回顾性分析5例垂体TSH瘤患者的临床和实验室检查资料,5例均有不同程度的高代谢症状伴或不伴鞍区占位效应,且血清FT4、FT3水平升高,TSH升高或正常,均经垂体磁共振(平扫+增强)检查为大腺瘤。结果 4例行经鼻蝶神经内镜鞍区占位切除术,1例行开颅垂体瘤切除术,术后病理证实均为垂体腺瘤,免疫组化TSH阳性。结论甲亢患者血清TSH不被抑制时要警惕有无垂体TSH瘤的可能,需及时行垂体磁共振检查,若发现垂体腺瘤尽早手术治疗

奥沙利铂/亚叶酸/氟尿嘧啶双周静脉给药(mFOLFOX6方案)治疗晚期胃癌22例

目的探讨奥沙利铂、亚叶酸、氟尿嘧啶双周静脉给药(mFOLFOX6方案)治疗晚期胃癌的疗效和毒性。方法22例具有可测量病灶的胃腺癌患者纳入本研究。患者接受奥沙利铂85 mg/m2(2 h静脉滴注),亚叶酸350 mg(2 h静脉滴注),氟尿嘧啶0.4 g/m2(2~4 min静脉推注)、氟尿嘧啶2.4 g/m2(46 h持续静脉滴注),每2周重复,6周为1个疗程。结果22例中有20例可评估疗效,所有患者均可评估毒性。病人每6周评估疗效。在20例可评估疗效的病例中,部分缓解7例(35.0%),稳定8例(40.0%),疾病进展5例(25.0%)。中位进展时间5.0个月,中位生存时间9.6个月。3、4级中性粒细胞减少3例(13.6%),发热性粒细胞减少1例(4.5%);3、4级贫血1例(4.5%);3、4级腹泻2例(9.1%);3、4级口腔黏膜炎2例(9.1%);1、2级外周神经损害9例(40.9%)。无治疗相关死亡。结论奥沙利铂、亚叶酸、氟尿嘧啶双周方案治疗晚期胃癌在客观有效率、中位疾病进展时间、中位生存期等方面与其他联合化疗方案相近,不良反应显著减轻

Synthesis of Ru(dpp)_3(ClO_4)_2 doped polyacrylonitrile nanoparticles and its applications in ratiometric pH sensing

采用乳液聚合法制备了掺杂有4,7-二苯基-1,10-邻菲咯啉钌(ru(dPP)3(ClO4)2)的聚丙烯腈纳米颗粒(ru-PAn).经扫描电子显微镜(SEM)表征,制备的ru-PAn的尺寸为135±15 nM,呈规则球型,尺寸分布均匀且在水中的分散性较好.实验考察了氧气、共存离子和PH值对其荧光性质的影响以及其荧光稳定性.以异硫氰根荧光素(fITC)为PH荧光指示剂、ru-PAn为参比信号,初步建立了一种比率荧光PH检测的方法.In this paper Ru(dpp)3(ClO4)2 doped polyacrylonitrile nanoparticles(Ru-PAN) were prepared using emulsion polymerization method.Morphology characterizations of the nanoparticles were performed using scanning electron microscope,the particle diameter was about 135±15 nm.The interference of the oxygen,coexisting ions,pH and photo-stability were investigated.A new ratiometric fluorescence pH sensing system was established via fluorescein isothiocyanate(FITC) as pH-sensitive dye and Ru-PAN as a reference.国家自然科学基金资助项目(20975085

Study on Rapid Propagation Technique of Leather Corals

[目的]为海洋资源开发和生态环境修复等提供有效途径。[方法]探索肉质软珊瑚的人工快速扩繁方法。[结果]肉质软珊瑚具有快速的修复能力,能很快在肉质层的伤口处形成愈伤组织。通过该方法成功实现了肉质软珊瑚的快速人工扩繁。[结论]肉质软珊瑚内可能含有许多活性物质,具备一定的药物开发潜力。[Objective] The research aimed to provide an effective approach for developing ocean resources and repairing the ecological environment.[Method] The artificial method of rapid propagation of leather coral was explored.[Result] Leather coral was one species of soft corals,which had the properties of rapid regeneration and could develop the callus over the open wound.[Conclusion] Leather corals contained many active substances,so it had some medicinal development potential.2012年海南省科学事业费项目; 国家科技支撑计划项目(2012-BAC18B04-4); 国家海洋公益专项(201405020-5); 海南省科学事业费项目(KYYS-2014-50

Direct conversion of methane to formaldehyde and CO on B2O3 catalysts

甲烷作为天然气的主要成分，是非常重要的碳基资源。不过，甲烷分子的化学惰性使得其转化通常需要在高温条件下进行，反应选择性难于控制。如何实现甲烷的高选择性定向转化一直是化学研究中的重要挑战，甚至被誉为化学领域的“圣杯”。化学化工学院王帅教授与华盛顿州立大学王勇教授合作在甲烷选择氧化反应非金属硼基催化剂的研究中取得重要进展，本研究中发现负载型氧化硼催化剂在甲烷直接氧化反应中表现出优异的抗深度氧化能力。本研究工作是在王帅教授和王勇教授的共同指导下完成。2015级博士生田金树（已毕业）、硕士生谈江乔（已毕业）以及醇醚酯清洁生产国家工程实验室张朝霞工程师为共同第一作者，林敬东副教授和万绍隆副教授等参与了部分研究和讨论。【Abstract】Direct oxidation of methane to value-added C1 chemicals (e.g. HCHO and CO) provides a promising way to utilize natural gas sources under relatively mild conditions. Such conversions remain, however, a key selectivity challenge, resulting from the facile formation of undesired fully-oxidized CO2. Here we show that B2O3-based catalysts are selective in the direct conversion of methane to HCHO and CO (~94% selectivity with a HCHO/CO ratio of ~1 at 6% conversion) and highly stable (over 100 hour time-on-stream operation) conducted in a fixed-bed reactor (550 °C, 100 kPa, space velocity 4650 mL gcat−1 h−1 ). Combined catalyst characterization, kinetic studies, and isotopic labeling experiments unveil that molecular O2 bonded to tri-coordinated BO3 centers on B2O3 surfaces acts as a judicious oxidant for methane activation with mitigated CO2 formation, even at high O2/CH4 ratios of the feed. These findings shed light on the great potential of designing innovative catalytic processes for the direct conversion of alkanes to fuels/chemicals.This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21922201, 21872113, 91945301, 21673189, and 91545114) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. 20720190036 and 20720160032).研究工作得到了国家自然科学基金（21922201、21872113、91945301、21673189、91545114）和中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金（20720190036、20720160032）的资助与支持

Clutter-free Visualization of Large Point Symbols at Multiple Scales by Offset Quadtrees

为解决Web 2.0环境下点状符号地图混搭中的制图问题,本文研究并实现了一种可100%避免压盖的大尺寸点符号高效可视化方法。该方法的核心思想是四叉树网格单选, 采用网格平移对多次单选结果投票来计算符号在各缩放级别的显著性等级,可解决符号在相邻网格的空间冲突。该过程不需要显式探测冲突,因而处理效率极高。随 着地图放大,重要性较低的符号也逐级显现,实现了语义层次的多尺度表达。针对符号和网格大小比率关系、有效网格平移方案及图面利用率不足问题提出两种扩展 :格网增选和多级符号叠加。对方法的可行性进行了试验验证,并分析了该方法在用户查询条件改变下的稳定性和不同数据量下的伸缩性(非优化实现可达到10~ 5量级数据的亚秒级处理)。To address the cartographic problems in map mash-up applications in the Web 2.0context,this paper studies a clutter-free technique for visualizing large symbols on Web maps.Basically,aquadtree is used to select one symbol in each grid cell at each zoom level.To resolve the symbol overlaps between neighboring quad-grids, multiple offsets are applied to the quadtree and a voting strategy is used to compute the significant level of symbols for their selection at multiple scales.The method is able to resolve spatial conflicts without explicit conflict detection,thus enabling a highly efficient processing.Also the resulting map forms a visual hierarchy of semantic importance.We discuss issues such as the relative importance,symbol-to-grid size ratio,and effective offset schemes,and propose two extensions to make better use of the free space available on the map. Experiments were carried out to validate the technique,which demonstrates its robustness and efficiency(a nonoptimal implementation leads to a sub-second processing for datasets of a 10~5 magnitude)