221 research outputs found

    日本語における間接的断りの理解に関する神経言語学的研究

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    Tohoku University博士(文学)博士学位論文 (Thesis(doctor))要約のみthesi

    关于对进一步深化国有企业改革的探讨

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    目前,我国正处在巨大而深刻的社会经济转型之中,这种转型的根本就是发展社会主义市场经济和公有制实现形式的多样化,而全面推进国有企业改革并使之适应这种转型的需要,则是这种转型中最深层次的改革。我国国有企业在改革当中,面临着多方面的困难和挑战,机制转变与结构调整、改革与发展任务交错,综合性对策已成为一种必然选择。前20年我国的国有企业已经完成了系统性变革,而现今要进一步深化国有企业改革,使国企改革取得突破性进展,就必须坚持改革、改组、改造与加强管理相结合的战略方针,由此逐步明确出国有经济的合理疆域和调整方式,建立起具有中国特色的社会主义市场经济体系。 在本文中,笔者对于如何进一步深化国有企业改革这...学位:经济学硕士院系专业:经济学院财政金融系_财政学(含税收学)学号:19971200

    A Study on International Trade And Core Labor Standards

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    所谓核心劳工标准问题,是指一国在从事国际贸易过程中应当遵守所谓的“国际公认的核心劳工标准”。否则,相应的贸易伙伴有权采用经济制裁的办法迫使其遵守。在国际贸易中,核心劳工标准问题尤为引人注目,不仅分歧重大,难以取得共识,就连在即将启动的新一轮贸易谈判中,是否将核心劳工标准列入谈判议程,在发达国家与发展中国家之间也存在着激烈的争论。本文分析了有关核心劳工标准的若干不同主张以及运用贸易政策推动劳工保护的建议,探讨了国际贸易中核心劳工标准的国际协调问题。除前言和结语外,全文共分四章: 第一章阐述国际贸易与核心劳工标准之间的关系。首先界定核心劳工标准的基本内容,论述了核心劳工标准对国际贸易的影响;接着...One of the most controversial issues is that how to accommodate the growing consensus on the need to promote core labor standards within the framework of the multilateral trading system. There appears to be wide difference in the views of the proponents of a formal link between trade and labor standards and the critics of such a link. This article analyzes claims about core labor standards and pro...学位:法学硕士院系专业:法学院法律系_国际法学(含国际公法、国际私法、国际经济法)学号:20010803

    A Research on Illustrative Examples in Chinese-English Dictionaries for Chinese Users

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    作为语文词典中一项重要的信息范畴,例证可以补充释义,提供更多关于词目的语言信息,在语文词典中起着关键的作用。例证对于词典使用者的理解和产出活动都有很大帮助。国内外对例证的类型、功能等都有研究。 然而,国内词典界对内向型汉英词典中的例证尚无全面的研究。鉴于内向型汉英词典在中国有很大的需求市场,本文尝试详细探究此类词典中的例证,期望对改进内向型汉英词典例证有所帮助。 本文采用多学科的研究方法,综合运用语义学、语用学、语料库语言学及词典学中的理论来研究例证。根据不同的标准,例证可分为不同的类型。根据语境,例证可以划分为反映语法的例证和反映目标语文化信息的例证;根据来源,例证可以划分为引例和自撰例...As an important information category in general language dictionaries, the illustrative example plays a key role in the quality of such dictionaries by supplementing the definition and supplying more linguistic data about the entry unit. Illustrative examples are of great help to dictionary users both in their reception and in their production activities. Researches have been done on the types, fu...学位:文学硕士院系专业:外文学院英语语言文学系_英语语言文学学号:20040404

    total cost management to be promoted in our country

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    建立现代化商业银行运行机制,是我国国有商业银行不可动摇的改革方向。全面成本管理作为运用现代化原理与技术的全新管理方式,是现代化商业银行运行机制必不可少的重要组成部分,其目标、内容、方法与现代化商业银行的内在要求相一致,对于增强国有商业银行的竞争力具有极其重要的意义。我国国有商业银行在经营体制改革、经营管理方式创新等方面进行了卓有成效的探索,但在成本管理体制和方式上,虽然进行了一些改革,但总体看来基本仍沿用传统的成本管理模式。随着我国市场经济的发展和金融体制改革的不断深入,传统的成本管理模式在实践中已越来越难以适应发展和改革的要求,无论是从调整成本结构、优化资源配置,还是为建立和完善现代化商业银...Abstract Establishing the modern commercial bank circulates the mechanism is a reformation direction that state-owned commercial bank in our country can't falter. The modern principle in application in conduct and actions in management in cost is in accordance with the technical and all new management method, is the inside request that the importance that the modern commercial bank circulates t...学位:管理学硕士院系专业:管理学院会计系_会计学学号:X200211027

    Chronic hypoxia enhances aggressiveness of MCF-7 breast cancer cells through EMT

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    目的:探讨慢性缺氧应激对人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞恶性生物学行为的影响及可能机制。方法:将人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞分为缺氧组(1%O2、5%CO2和94%N2)和正常对照组(常氧)进行培养。利用MTT法、CCK-8实验、细胞直接计数法及细胞侵袭和迁移实验对MCF-7细胞活力、增殖及侵袭和迁移能力进行检测;用软琼脂集落形成实验及Matrigel 3D培养技术检测MCF-7细胞非锚定生长能力及极性改变情况;利用MCF-7细胞构建裸鼠皮下种植瘤模型,检测慢性缺氧应激对体内肿瘤生长及肺转移的影响;利用倒置显微镜观察MCF-7细胞形态改变;Western blot检测低氧诱导因子1(hypoxia-inducible factor-1,HIF-1)和磷酸化的糖原合成酶激酶3β(glycogen synthase kinase-3β,GSK-3β)在缺氧环境下表达水平的改变,以及E-钙黏连蛋白(E-cadherin)、N-钙黏连蛋白(Ncadherin)、波形蛋白(vimentin)、基质金属蛋白酶3(matrix metalloproteinase-3,MMP-3)、MMP-9等上皮-间充质转化(epithelial-mesenchymal transition,EMT)相关蛋白的表达水平。结果:与正常对照组相比较,慢性缺氧组MCF-7细胞活力、增殖能力及侵袭迁移能力增强,细胞非锚定生长能力提高且在3D培养系统更容易发生极性改变,呈现侵袭样生长,体内生长及转移能力增强;除了HIF-1被缺氧诱导表达升高外,GSK-3β呈现活化趋势,且上皮样标志物E-cadherin蛋白表达水平明显下降,而间充质样标志物N-cadherin、vimentin、MMP-3和MMP-9蛋白表达水平明显升高。结论:慢性缺氧应激促进了乳腺癌细胞恶性生物学行为,且其机制可能与EMT有关。AIM:To investigate the effects of chronic hypoxia on the aggressiveness of MCF-7, a human breast cancer cell line , and the underlying mechanisms .METHODS: MCF-7 cells were cultured under hypoxia ( 1% O2 , 5%CO2 and 94%N2 ) or control (95%O2 and 5%CO2 ) condition.The viability, proliferation, and invasion and migration abilities of the MCF-7 cells were determined by MTT assay , CCK-8 assay, cell counting, and cell invasion and migration assays.Anchorage-independent growth and the alteration of cellular polarization of the MCF-7 cells were tested by soft agar colony formation assay and Matrigel-3D culture assay, respectively.The effects of chronic hypoxia on the growth and metas-tasis of MCF-7 cells in vivo were investigated by xenograft in nude mice .The morphological changes of the MCF-7 cells were observed under an inverted microscope .Hypoxia-induced alterations in the levels of hypoxia inducible factor-1 ( HIF-1 ) and phosphorylated glycogen synthase kinase-3β( p-GSK-3β) as well as epithelial-mesenchymal transition ( EMT) mol-ecules, such as E-cadherin, N-cadherin, vimentin, matrix metalloproteinase ( MMP)-3 and MMP-9, were determined by Western blot .RESULTS:Chronic hypoxia significantly increased the viability , proliferation , and invasion and migration abilities of MCF-7 cells in vitro, enhanced the anchorage-independent growth , facilitated cellular polarization alteration in Matrigel-3D culture, and promoted cancer metastasis in vivo.Hypoxia up-regulated HIF-1, activated GSK-3β, down-regu-lated E-cadherin and increased the protein levels of N-cadherin, vimentin, MMP-3 and MMP-9.CONCLUSION:Chronic hypoxia enhances the aggressiveness of breast cancer cells probably through EMT .中国博士后科学基金第59批面上资助项目(No.2016M592037);安徽省自然科学基金资助项目(No.1608085MH187

    新型膦胺配体羰基钌化合物的合成及催化性能研究

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    以十二羰基三钌和o-PPh2C6H4NR2(R=H,Me)配体为原料,成功地制备出三种新型羰基钌化合物(μ-o-PPh2C6H4NH)Ru3(μ-H)(CO)9(2)、(o-PPh2C6H4NH)2Ru(CO)2(3)和(μ-o-PPh2C6H4NMe2)2Ru(CO)3(4).对这三个化合物进行了核磁共振和红外谱学、元素分析和X-射线单晶衍射分析表征,并对这三个化合物进行了催化性能研究.化合物2和4可催化苯甲醛加氢反应生成苯甲醇,但是3没有催化活性.该研究从实验角度阐述了膦胺配体钌催化剂的结构与性能关联,并进一步探讨了加氢催化反应失活的可能原因.这些结果对后续催化剂的设计提供一定的理论指导

    大处理液量在线除砂洗砂工艺

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    为减轻原油集输系统的“砂害”,研究出一种管道旋流除砂洗砂密闭工艺系统。主要除砂原理是采用涡旋离心与重力沉降相结合的分离原理。该系统主要是由分离器、除砂器、泵、污水池等组成。实际运行结果表明,平均除砂率76.7%,大于200μm砂粒的分离效率达到75%,大大减轻了采出液中含砂量大对原油集输系统的危害。并取得了很好的经济效益和社会效益

    Nitrogen and phosphorus pollution from urban stormwater runoff in Xiamen City

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    以厦门岛为研究对象,通过收集代表性样点的降雨径流水样,研究了厦门城市降雨径流中氮、磷浓度及输出特征。结果表明,来源不同的城市降雨径流中氮、磷浓度差异较大,溶解态总氮、硝态氮、氨态氮与总磷的含量分别为1.96~6.77、0.62~4.89、0.35~1.18和0.04~0.66 mg.L-1。降雨过程中氮、磷浓度总体上呈下降趋势,氮浓度波动较大,磷相对稳定。城市降雨径流氮、磷污染受降雨强度、车流量等多种因素影响。城市道路、商住区及工业区径流中氮、磷浓度较高,是城市非点源污染的主要来源,因此对这些区域应重点控制管理。In this study,the stormwater samples of 4 storm events occurred in April and May 2005 were collected from different representative sites including road,roof,and residential,commercial and industrial districts in Xiamen Island.All the samples were delivered to laboratory within 24 h,and their NO_3~——N,NH_4~+-N, dissolved total nitrogen(TN),and total phosphorus(TP) contents were analyzed.The water quality data showed there was a significant difference in the nitrogen and phosphorous concentrations of the stormwater runoff from different sites, with the mean value of TN,NO_3~——N,NH_4~+-N and TP ranged as 1.96-6.77, 0.62-4.89,0.35-1.18 and 0.04-0.66 mg·L~(-1),respectively.In general,the nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations decreased gradually in the process of precipitation due to water dilution,but the nitrogen concentration fluctuated more intensively than phosphorus.Many factors such as precipitation intensity,land cover and vehicle exhaust affected the patterns of nitrogen and phosphorus transportation.The urban stormwater runoff collected from road and commercial and industrial districts contributed a higher nutrient loading,and thus,the management of urban stormwater runoff should be focused on these sites.国家自然科学基金资助项目(40301045)

    巨噬细胞移动抑制因子在原发性肝癌中的临床意义

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    【目的】探讨肝癌患者血清巨噬细胞移动抑制因子(macrophage migration inhibitory factor,MIF)水平与其临床特征及预后的关系。【方法】用酶联免疫吸附法检测2004年1月至2006年5月60例确诊初治的原发性肝癌患者的血清MIF水平,并与30例健康人相比较,分析其与临床特征及预后的关系。【结果】原发性肝癌患者血清MIF水平较健康对照组显著升高(中位值,34.1ng/mL与15.9ng/mL,P〈0.001)。血清MIF水平与血管侵犯(P=0.014)、进展的临床TMN分期(P=0.037)及转移(P=0.026)密切相关。血清MIF高(〉34.1ng/mL)的患者2年生存率较血清MIF低的患者(≤34.1ng/mL)明显降低(59%与28%,LogRank为6.02,P=0.014)。多因素分析表明MIF水平是影响患者生存的独立预后因素。【结论】MIF可能参与了原发性肝癌的疾病进展过程,提示MIF在原发性肝癌患者中可作为反应肿瘤侵袭及预后的一个有用的生物标记物
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