阻断交感神经对青年和老龄小鼠小肠T淋巴细胞活性的影响

目的探究交感神经在青年和老龄小鼠中对小肠T淋巴细胞的免疫调控机制。方法选用健康的3月龄和18月龄的雄性昆明小鼠,腹腔注射六羟多巴胺,通过石蜡切片和HE染色观察上皮内淋巴细胞的数量,MTT法测定小肠T淋巴细胞的增殖,ELISA试剂盒测定小肠T淋巴细胞分泌IL-2、IL-4水平。结果阻断交感神经后,2个年龄组上皮内淋巴细胞数量均减少,老龄组尤为突出。青年小鼠T淋巴细胞增殖在处理后第5、10天出现下降,老龄小鼠在第3天至第15天均显著下降,其中第5天下降39.4%(P<0.01)。青年小鼠损毁交感神经后主要引起淋巴细胞分泌IL-4含量降低,而老龄小鼠主要引起IL-2降低。结论损毁交感神经可导致青年和老龄小鼠小肠T淋巴细胞活性下降,老龄组下降幅度大,恢复周期长

生物化学实验课教学改革及本科生基本科研素质培养

生物化学实验课是生物学及相关专业的一门学科类通修课程,其教学目的是让学生学习和掌握生物化学实验基本操作技能的同时,注重学生基本科研素质培养。我们根据这个理念将生物化学实验课内容设计成三个模块:基本生物化学实验技术训练模块,综合实验训练模块,以及自主设计实验模块,并在课程开展中注重学生基本科研素质的培养,达到了实验教学培养学生科研实践能力和综合素质的目的

老人急診病患三天內重返急診相關因素分析

[[abstract]]目的：探討病患、醫師及醫療機構相關特性與老人急診病患三天內重返急診的關係。方法：本研究使用國家衛生研究院發行之全民健康保險研究資料庫2010年百萬人歸人檔資料。首先以2013年所有老人急診病患急診就醫資料分析三天內因相同診斷類別重返急診率、三天內因相同診斷類別到不同醫院重返急診及住院率；其次，使用複邏輯斯迴歸分析自變項與依變項的相關性。以調整後勝算比檢視各單一自變項對依變項有無達統計上的顯著水準，本研究以p＜0.05為達到統計上的顯著水準。統計分析採用SAS 9.4。結果：2013年65歲以上老人急診病患首次急診的就醫人數為27,021人，有1,946人（7.20%）三天內重返急診，有1,790人（6.62%）因相同疾病診斷類別三天內重返急診，有876人（3.24%）因相同疾病診斷類別三天內重返不同醫院急診，有525人（1.94%）因相同疾病診斷類別三天內重返急診住院。結論：本研究發現老人急診病患三天內重返急診率為7.20%，高於多數研究的結果。因此，建議醫療管理者及衛生政策制定者，推動急診醫療提供者接受老年醫學相關訓練，以提升老人急診病人的整體照護品質，降低老人急診病患三天內重返急診率。 Objectives: This study aims to explore the relationship between three-day revisit to emergency room among elderly patients and its contributing factors related to patients, physicians and hospitals. Methods: Utilizing the National Health Insurance Research Database and the LHID (Longitudinal Health Insurance Database) 2010, the study analyzed the 2013 records about the rate of three-day revisit to emergency room at the same hospital due to health problems in an identical diagnostic category, the rate of three-day revisit to emergency room at different hospitals for health problems in an identical diagnostic category, and the rate of hospitalization following the revisit. Correlation between dependent and independent variables were then analyzed with multivariate logistic regression. The adjusted odd ratio was used to measure the level of statistical significance of each independent variable relative to the dependent variable with a significance level of p＜0.05. SAS 9.4 was used for data analysis. Results: Of the 27,021 elderly patients visiting emergency room in 2013, 1,946 (7.20%) made return visits within 3 days at the same hospitals, 1,790 (6.62%) were due to health problems in identical diagnostic categories, 876 (3.24%) made return visits within three days at different hospitals due to health problems in identical diagnostic categories, and 525 (1.94%) were hospitalized. Conclusion: The 7.20% rate of three-day revisit to emergency room in elderly patients appears to be higher than the results from other studies. Both hospital administrators and health policy makers should therefore promote emergency medical providers to receive geriatric related training so as to help reduce the rate of three-days revisit and to enhance the overall quality of elderly care

老人急診病患三天內重返急診相關因素分析

[[abstract]]目的：探討病患、醫師及醫療機構相關特性與老人急診病患三天內重返急診的關係。方法：本研究使用國家衛生研究院發行之全民健康保險研究資料庫2010年百萬人歸人檔資料。首先以2013年所有老人急診病患急診就醫資料分析三天內因相同診斷類別重返急診率、三天內因相同診斷類別到不同醫院重返急診及住院率；其次，使用複邏輯斯迴歸分析自變項與依變項的相關性。以調整後勝算比檢視各單一自變項對依變項有無達統計上的顯著水準，本研究以p＜0.05為達到統計上的顯著水準。統計分析採用SAS 9.4。結果：2013年65歲以上老人急診病患首次急診的就醫人數為27,021人，有1,946人（7.20%）三天內重返急診，有1,790人（6.62%）因相同疾病診斷類別三天內重返急診，有876人（3.24%）因相同疾病診斷類別三天內重返不同醫院急診，有525人（1.94%）因相同疾病診斷類別三天內重返急診住院。結論：本研究發現老人急診病患三天內重返急診率為7.20%，高於多數研究的結果。因此，建議醫療管理者及衛生政策制定者，推動急診醫療提供者接受老年醫學相關訓練，以提升老人急診病人的整體照護品質，降低老人急診病患三天內重返急診率

老人急診病患三天內重返急診及其相關因素

[[abstract]]目的：探討病患、醫師及醫療機構相關特性與老人急診病患三天內重返急診的關係。方法：本研究使用國家衛生研究院發行之全民健康保險研究資料庫2010年百萬人歸人檔資料。首先以2013年所有老人急診病患急診就醫資料分析三天內因相同診斷類別重返急診率、三天內因相同診斷類別到不同醫院重返急診及住院率；其次，使用複邏輯斯迴歸分析自變項與依變項的相關性。以調整後勝算比檢視各單一自變項對依變項有無達統計上的顯著水準，本研究以p＜0.05為達到統計上的顯著水準。統計分析採用SAS 9.4。結果：2013年65歲以上老人急診病患首次急診的就醫人數為27,021人，有1,946人（7.20%）三天內重返急診，有1,790人（6.62%）因相同疾病診斷類別三天內重返急診，有876人（3.24%）因相同疾病診斷類別三天內重返不同醫院急診，有525人（1.94%）因相同疾病診斷類別三天內重返急診住院。結論：本研究發現老人急診病患三天內重返急診率為7.20%，高於多數研究的結果。因此，建議醫療管理者及衛生政策制定者，推動急診醫療提供者接受老年醫學相關訓練，以提升老人急診病人的整體照護品質，降低老人急診病患三天內重返急診率

DPSIR Model-based Assessment of ecologically sustainable development in Shandong Peninsula Blue Economic Zone

山东半岛作为我国最大的半岛,其地理位置决定了海洋生态可持续发展对其的重要性。本文使用DPSIR(驱动力-压力-状态-影响-响应)模型,结合社会经; 济和自然生态两个方面搭建指标体系评估其蓝色经济区生态可持续发展能力。结果表明:山东半岛承受的社会经济压力正不断增大。海洋生态系统综合状态评价值为; 0.53,其中海水、沉积物质量及生物综合评价值分别为0.22、0.19及0.123,生态环境现状不容乐观。影响和响应评价值分别为2.5和4.3,; 海洋灾害的影响范围较大,危害程度较深,但海洋管理部门在面对生态环境变化时的反应较为迅速、有效。Shandong Peninsula is the largest peninsulas in China and its; geographical position plays a vital role in its ecological health. In; this paper, we used the Driving-Pressure-State-Impact-Response (DPSIR); model, combined with social economic and natural ecological parameters,; to establish an ecologically sustainable development evaluation index; system. The results show there to be increasing social and economic; pressures on the Shandong Peninsula, and the comprehensive state; evaluation value for its ecological system is 0.5313. The water,; sediment and biological quality values are 0.22, 0.19, and 0.123,; respectively. Current conditions are not encouraging. The impact; indicator and response indicator values are 2.5 and 4.7, respectively,; which indicates that marine disasters have great influence on the; Peninsula and can cause serious damage, although the government's; response to changes in the ecological environment is typically quick and; efficient.山东省优秀中青年科学家科研奖励基金计划项

“双重冲击”下世界油菜籽及其加工品生产、贸易格局变动分析Changes in production and trade pattern of global rapeseed and its processed products under the background of "double impact"

近年爆发的贸易争端与新冠肺炎疫情，对世界油菜籽及其加工品的生产、贸易格局产生了一定影响，研究这一问题对保障中国油菜籽及其加工品进口供应链安全具有重要意义。总结分析了世界油菜籽及其加工品生产、贸易格局变动特征，实证分析了主要进出口国（地区）的显示性比较优势与贸易互补性，探讨了贸易争端与新冠肺炎疫情对世界油菜籽及其加工品生产、贸易格局的“双重冲击”。主要结论为：中长期看，“双重冲击”不会大幅改变基于比较优势的世界油菜籽及其加工品的生产、贸易格局；短期内，进出口大国之间的贸易争端将加剧国别替代，中国与加拿大、俄罗斯、澳大利亚的贸易规模将逐渐此消彼长；新冠肺炎疫情增加了贸易成本和供应链风险，对提升跨国物流与供应链绩效提出了更高要求。 In recent years, the outbreak of trade disputes and the epidemic situation of COVID-19 has a certain impact on the production and trade pattern of rapeseed and its processed products in the world. The study of this issue is of great significance to ensure the security of the import supply chain of rapeseed and its processed products in China. The characteristics of changes in the production and trade patterns of rapeseed and its processed products in the world were summarised and analysed, the demonstrated comparative advantages and trade complementarities of major importing and exporting countries(regions) were empirically analysed, and the "double impact" of trade disputes and the epidemic situation of COVID-19 on the production and trade pattern of rapeseed and its processed products in the world was explored. The main conclusions are as follows: in the medium to long term, the "double impact" will not significantly change the production and trade pattern of rapeseed and its processed products in the world based on comparative advantage. In the short term, trade disputes between major importing and exporting countries will intensify country substitution, and the scale of trade between China and Canada, Russia and Australia will one fade and the other grow. The epidemic situation of COVID-19 has increased trade costs and supply chain risks, and put forward higher requirements for improving the performance of cross-border logistics and supply chain