A Study of the Relationship among Learning Strategies, Communication Strategies and Communicative Competence of Non-English Majors in China

二十世纪七十年代以来，外语教学研究的重点逐渐从研究“教师如何教”转移到“学生如何学”的问题上来，针对外语学习主体的研究主要包括学习者个人差异的研究和学习过程的研究。关于语言学习者策略使用的研究，作为学习过程研究的重要方面，近些年来已成为SLA（第二语言习得）研究领域的热点问题。交际能力是外语教学的主要目的。英语口语作为交际能力中的一个重要组成部分，在英语学习中占有举足轻重的地位。近年来随着我国经济的迅猛发展，我国与世界各国在经济，文化等方面的交流日益频繁，急需一批具有较强英语口语交际能力的人才。然而，目前高校的非英语专业大学生的口语现状令人担忧。本文基于此目的在以往研究的基础上，进一步深入探讨...Since the 1970s, research interest in EFL has shifted from teachers’ teaching to students’ learning and increasing number of studies have been undertaken from the students’ perspective. These studies are mainly concerned with individual learner differences and the second language learning process. Language learning strategies (LSs) and communication strategies (CSs), which are regarded as an indis...学位：文学硕士院系专业：外文学院英语语言文学系_英语语言文学学号：20030402

长泰砂仁的本草考证及其生药鉴别

目的对长泰砂仁的品种进行本草考证及其生药鉴别。方法从本草考证、基源鉴别、性状鉴别、显微鉴别和理化鉴别等几方面来确定长泰砂仁的品种问题。结果长泰砂仁与阳春砂仁具有同一性,即是同一物种。结论长泰砂仁与阳春砂仁的化学成分含量略有差异,但主要特征成分相似,均符合国家药典规定。福建省教育厅科技项目资助课题(JA12437); 漳州市科技计划项目资助课题(Z2011060

Review of Sexual Reproduction Characteristics of Amomum villosum

阳春砂是我国珍稀濒危的药用植物,以其果实入药。由于阳春砂柱头高于花药,自然传粉结实率低,严重制约了果实产量。为揭示阳春砂果实形成的基础,探讨提高阳春砂产量的对应策略,本文就阳春砂的形态特征、生态习性、花粉发育、胚囊发育及开花、传粉、受精等有性生殖研究状况进行综述。Amomum villosum is rare and endangered medicinal plants in China, its fruit is used as medicine.Natural pollination seed setting rate is low for stigma being higher than anther, which severely limits its fruit production.In order to reveal the basis of forming fruit and explore corresponding strategy of improving the yield of A.villosum, the paper summarized research status on sexual reproduction such as morphological characteristics, ecological characteristics, pollen development, embryo sac development, flowering, pollination and fertilization.福建省自然科学基金(2015J0101); 福建省教育厅科技项目(JA12437

鱼腥草的组织结构研究

目的揭示鱼腥草叶、地上茎、地下茎的组织结构以及挥发油的贮藏组织。方法应用横切片、表面制片和粉末制片进行显微镜观察定位。结果鱼腥草的叶为异面叶,下表皮内侧有1列油细胞;地上茎和地下茎具有双子叶植物草质茎的典型特征,无限外韧维管束成环状排列,皮层、髓、髓射线中分布有较多的油细胞。结论鱼腥草的叶、地上茎、地下茎中大量的油细胞是挥发油的贮藏部位。福建省教育厅科技项目(JB11327

Comparison on Microstructure of Anoectochilus roxburghii and A. formosanus

通过石蜡切片和表皮制片观察比较金线莲Anoectochilus roxburghii和台湾金线莲A.formosanus根、茎、叶的显微结构特征。结果表明,金线莲与台湾金线莲显微结构的主要区别在于根皮层厚度、维管束数目、叶构造、叶脉颜色、表皮乳头细胞的形状和气孔密度,这些特征可作为金线莲物种的显微鉴别依据。The microscopic structures of roots, stems, leaves of Anoectochilus roxburghii and A. formosanus were observed by paraffin sections and epidermis. The results showed that differences of microstructure between both plants are on cortex thickness and number of vascular bundle of root, and the structure, vein color, papilate cell shape, stomatal density of the leaf. All of these differences can be used as microspcopic identification of both plants.漳州市科技计划项目(ZZ2016J27);; 漳州卫生职业学院课题(ZYZ201401

金线莲营养器官的组织化学研究

研究金线莲营养器官中活性多糖的分布部位.方法:用环氧树脂包埋的半薄切片经PAS反应和苏丹黑染色方法,标记细胞中的活性多糖和脂类物质.结果:金线莲中的活性多糖主要分布在茎的皮层,根和叶片中不贮藏活性多糖;福建金线莲营养器官中含活性多糖比台湾金线莲多.结论:金线莲营养器官的活性多糖分布特征可作为选择金线莲的药用部位和种质资源的依据.漳州市科技计划项目(ZZ2016J27);;漳州卫生职业学院课题(ZYZ201401

Testimony on original botany and Pharmacognostic identification of Morinda officinalis How produced in Fujian province

巴戟天是我国著名的“四大南药“之一,由于历代本草遗留下来的问题及各地用药品种和习惯的不同,来源植物涉及5科,11种;其中福建省有3种。为了鉴别闽产巴戟天的正品与代用品,对闽产巴戟天进行本草考证和来源、形态性状、显微结构和理化性质进行鉴别。结果表明:闽产巴戟天的正品与代用品在植物形态和结构方面,药材性状和理化特征方面都存在着差异,这些差异可作为巴戟天品种鉴定的依据。Morinda officinalis How is one of the famous traditional Chinese medicine.Because of original botany and difference of custom in using M.officinalis, there are 11 species, belonging to 5 families, named " Ba Ji Tian" , and 3 species of them in Fujian Province.In order to identify M.officinalis among other succedanea in Fujian Province, we identify it and other succedanea on morphology, pharmaceutical, microscopic and physic-chemical characteristics.The result indicated that there are some differences on the morphological, pharmaceutical, microscopic and physicchemical characteristics between certification and succedanea species.Those differences can be as identifiable index to separate M.officinalis from other imitations

Histochemistry Study on Developing Anthers of Amomum villosum Lour.

用环氧树脂包埋的半薄切片经PAS反应和苏丹黑染色,研究阳春砂花药发育中的多糖和脂类物质分布特征。结果发现小孢子母细胞和四分体小孢子中积累了一些脂滴,但没有淀粉。阳春砂小孢子母细胞和四分体没有胼胝质壁。晚期小孢子中除了仍有很多脂滴外,细胞核周围开始出现淀粉粒;成熟花粉粒贮存丰富的淀粉粒和脂滴,且花粉壁由多糖物质构成。阳春砂花药壁结构比较特殊:花药壁由10余层细胞组成;最内层的绒毡层细胞在小孢子时期开始解体,细胞质转变为脂滴,供花粉吸收。开花时,花药壁由表皮和几层薄壁细胞以及径向壁纤维加厚的变形细胞组成。Anther development of Amomum villosum Lour.were studied using epoxy resin semi-thin sections with periodic acid-Schiff's technique and Sudan black staining method.The results showed that microspore mother cells and tetrad microspores accumulated numerous lipids but no starches.The late microspore began appear starches around the nucleus beside lipids.Mature pollen grains accumulated abundant polysaccharide starches and lipids.Pollen wall was stained red,suggesting its polysaccharide feature.The anther wall of A.villosum consists of more than ten lay cells.The tapetal cells degenerated at microspore stage and its cytoplasm transform into lipids for the microspore absorbing.At anthesis,the mature anther wall included epidermis and some layers of parenchymal cells and several layers of endothecium cells with an evidently thickened radial wall.福建省教育厅科技项目(JA12437); 漳州市科技计划项目(Z2011060

Distribution Feature of Polysaccharides and Lipids in the Developing Anthers of Morinda officinalis How

巴戟天花药发育中多糖和脂滴类物质的分布呈现一定的规律:减数分裂之前,花药壁的绒毡层细胞中有少量脂滴,其他细胞中脂滴和淀粉粒都很少。四分体时期,四分体小孢子中开始出现脂滴,绒毡层细胞中的脂滴较以前增加,其他细胞中的脂滴和淀粉粒仍然很少。小孢子早期,游离小孢子在其表面形成了花粉外壁,靠外壁下方有一层周缘分布的多糖物质。绒毡层细胞中的脂滴明显减少。发育晚期的小孢子中形成一个大液泡,细胞质中出现淀粉粒;同时在药壁和药隔组织中也出现了淀粉粒。此时绒毡层退化。在二胞花粉早期,花粉中积累了大量淀粉粒和一些脂滴。但在成熟的花粉中(二胞花粉晚期),淀粉粒消失,只有一定数量的脂滴保留。巴戟天成熟花粉中积累的营养物质主要为脂滴。Distribution of polysaccharides and lipids in the developing anthers of Morinda officinalis How was regular.There were a few lipid drops in the sporogenous cells of young anthers,while neither lipid drops nor starches were found in other anther cells.Before the meiosis of microspore mother cells,some lipids appeared in tapetal cells.The size of tapetal cells began to increase at this stage.At the stage of tetrad,the lipids in the tapetal cells increased,and many lipid drops accumulated in the cells.Some lipids also appeared in tetrad microspores at this time.There were still no starches in young anther cells,and only cell wall of the cells formed anther wall and callose wall in tetrads displayed the feature of polysaccharids.During microspore development,the lipids in tapetal cells decreased evidently.The lipids in the young microspore also disappeared.There were still no starches in anther.At late microspore stage,some starches accumulated in microspore and appeared in anther wall and connective cells.Tapetal cells degenerated at this stage and the lipid drops concentrated to form lipid block.At early stage of 2-celled pollen,the vegetative cell accumulated a large number of starches,which disappeared with pollen development.Lipids were the main nutritional material accumulated in mature pollen of M.officinalis.国家自然科学基金(30970275);福建省漳州市科技局课题(Z2008038

Change of DNA Content in Male and Female Gametes of Tobacco(Nicotiana tabacum)

:采用显微分光光度法测定了烟草(nICOTIAnA TAbACuM)精细胞和卵细胞的dnA含量。烟草是二胞花粉,花粉萌发后生殖细胞在花粉管中分裂形成精细胞。授粉后45H花粉管到达子房,在花粉管内的精细胞dnA含量为1C。当花粉管在退化助细胞中破裂,释放出的两个精细胞开始合成dnA。在与卵细胞融合前,两个精细胞dnA含量接近2C。随着精细胞的到达及合成dnA,卵细胞也开始合成dnA,融合前的卵细胞dnA含量也接近2C。精、卵细胞融合后,合子dnA含量为4C。烟草雌、雄配子是在细胞周期的g2期发生融合,属于g2型。The nuclear DNA content of male and female gametes of tobacco(Nicotiana tabacum) was measured using DAPI stain and microspectrofluorimetric measurement.Tobacco pollen is bicellular at anthesis,containing a vegetative cell and a generative cell,which divides to form two sperm cells in a pollen tube.The nuclear DNA content of generative cell in a pollen tube was at 2C level and that of two sperm cells in a pollen tube,which elongated in the style,at 1C level.Two sperm cells began to synthesize DNA after both were released in the degenerated synergid,and the quantity of nuclear DNA in both sperm cells approached 2C level before both fusing with egg and central cells.During this process,the nuclear DNA content of egg cell also began to increase and approached 2C level before fusing with sperm cell.After male and female gamete fused,the nuclear DNA content of zygote reached 4C level.Therefore,the fusion of male and female gametes of tobacco was at G2 of cell cycle,and this fusion of fertilization belonged to G2 type.This result displayed the fertilization multiformity in angiosperms.国家自然科学基金(30670126