FTIR Characterization of Ion Association and Phase Composition in PEO-based Polymer Electrolytes

通过FTIR光谱技术对P(EO)nLiX[X=N(SO2CF3)2,SCN,ClO4](n=4～60)聚合物电解质的离子缔合行为进行了研究,结果表明在PEO-LiSCN体系中缔合现象较为严重.在高浓度时LiSCN主要以离子对、离子簇以及二聚体形式存在,自由离子含量较少.而对于LiTFSI和LiClO4体系,则以自由离子形式为主.随着锂盐的加入,由于其阴离子的增塑作用使聚氧化乙烯(PEO)中的晶相成分逐渐向无定形相转化.当锂盐含量增加到一定程度,体系中会有不同晶相复合物的形成.FTIR spectra of P(EO)nLiX X=N(SO2CF3)2,SCN,ClO4 polymer electrolytes have been ob-tained for ethylene oxide/Li ratios from 60∶1 to 4∶1. It was shown that ion association in the PEO-LiSCN system is more serious than in the other two systems. At a high LiSCN concentration,contact ion pairs,triple ions and dimers are main ion species in the polymer electrolytes. However,free ions are main ion species in PEO-LiTFSI and PEO-LiClO4 systems. When Li salt was added into PEO,a plastizing role of Li salt anions can lead to transformation of a crystalline phase of PEO into an amorphous phase. When Li salt content ex-ceeds a certain value,some kinds of crystalline complexes will be formed in PEO-LiX systems.国家自然科学基金(Nos.20473068,29925310);; 教育部霍英东优秀青年教师基金资助项目

福建省和溪南亚热带雨林下木层植物的滴水叶尖和滴水大小

研究福建省南靖县和溪南亚热带雨林下木层植物滴水叶尖的发育情况以及滴水大小．该森林滴水叶尖发育程度中等，离叶尖端３ｍｍ处的叶宽平均为２．３７ｍｍ，粗叶木的最小，为０．９５ｍｍ，瓜馥木的最大，为４．９５ｍｍ．水滴大小平均为０．０４４ｇ，日本五月茶的最小，平均为０．０２３ｇ，瓜馥木的最大，平均为０．０７８ｇ．水滴大小与滴水叶尖宽度存在极显著的正相关（ｐ＜０．００１），滴水叶尖越发达，下落的水滴越小．滴水叶尖的作用首先是迅速、有效地排除叶面上的积水，此外可能与对土壤类型的适应有一定的关系

FTIR characterization of ion association and phase composition in PEO-based polymer electrolytes

FTIR spectra of P(EO)(n)LiX [X=N(SO2CF3)(2), SCN, ClO4] polymer electrolytes have been obtained for ethylene oxide/Li ratios from 60 : 1 to 4 : 1. It was shown that ion association in the PEO-LiSCN system is more serious than in the other two systems. At a high LiSCN concentration, contact ion pairs, triple ions and dimers are main ion species in the polymer electrolytes. However, free ions are main ion species in PEO-LiTFSI and PEO-LiClO4 systems. When Li salt was added into PEO, a plastizing role of Li salt anions can lead to transformation of a crystalline phase of PEO into an amorphous phase. When Li salt content exceeds a certain value, some kinds of crystalline complexes will be formed in PEO-LiX systems

不断创新的电化学研究方法（厦门大学电化学研究工作简介之二）

不断创新的电化学研究方法（厦门大学电化学研究工作简介之二）林仲华，罗瑾，田中群，孙世刚，林昌健，毛秉伟，杨勇，林华水执笔（固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室，厦门大学化学系，厦门３６１００５）１历史的回顾与自然科学的其它分支学科一样，电化学科学的建立和纵..

3D-printed integrative probeheads for magnetic resonance

射频探头前端作为核磁共振设备的核心部件之一，极大程度的决定着系统实验性能的优劣。探头前端通常由射频线圈、射频电路及样品检测管道等部分组成。现有的射频线圈制作技术主要是通过手工或机械手段按照所需的线圈形状进行绕制。但是，当线圈结构较为复杂、不规则，或体积尺寸较小时，常规绕制方法便难以满足结构设计和制造的精度需求，因此造成线圈性能的劣化，增大检测区域的射频场不均匀性，对核磁共振检测产生负面影响。本研究中，利用3D打印熔融沉积制造或光敏树脂选择性固化技术精确加工出一体化磁共振探头前端，使用常温液态金属填充线圈模型管路形成射频线圈，搭建出稳定的一体化磁共振射频探头。利用高精度3D打印和液态金属灌注技术制备出包含有射频线圈和定制化样品管道结构在内的一体化磁共振射频探头前端，克服了传统磁共振三维微型线圈成型困难、与样品腔匹配程度差等问题，提高了探头的信噪比，为定制化的磁共振检测提供了新思路。 该工作由厦门大学电子科学与技术学院陈忠教授、游学秋副研究员和孙惠军高级工程师共同指导完成，博士研究生谢君尧为论文第一作者。厦门大学电子科学与技术学院黄玉清高级工程师、王忻昌副教授、倪祖荣助理教授、硕士研究生张德超，化学化工学院杨朝勇教授、博士研究生李星锐，萨本栋微米纳米科学技术研究院陈宏教授为合作作者。【Abstract】Magnetic resonance (MR) technology has been widely employed in scientific research, clinical diagnosis and geological survey. However, the fabrication of MR radio frequency probeheads still face difficulties in integration, customization and miniaturization. Here, we utilized 3D printing and liquid metal filling techniques to fabricate integrative radio frequency probeheads for MR experiments. The 3D-printed probehead with micrometer precision generally consists of liquid metal coils, customized sample chambers and radio frequency circuit interfaces. We screened different 3D printing materials and optimized the liquid metals by incorporating metal microparticles. The 3D-printed probeheads are capable of performing both routine and nonconventional MR experiments, including in situ electrochemical analysis, in situ reaction monitoring with continues-flow paramagnetic particles and ions separation, and small-sample MR imaging. Due to the flexibility and accuracy of 3D printing techniques, we can accurately obtain complicated coil geometries at the micrometer scale, shortening the fabrication timescale and extending the application scenarios.The work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants U1632274, 11761141010, U1805261, 11475142, 22073078, and 61801411), and China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2017M622075).研究工作得到国家自然科学基金、中国博士后科学基金等项目支持

Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Mangrove Excoecaria agallocha Under Different Salinities

盐度是影响红树植物海漆分布的一个重要限制因子.研究了不同盐度下海漆种子的萌根率、发芽指数、萌苗率等萌发指标以及幼苗的茎高、基径、叶片数、最大叶面积等生长指标.在低盐(5)处理下,种子萌根率,萌苗率,发芽指数与淡水处理差别不明显;中盐(15)条件处理下,种子的萌发显著差于低盐条件下的;高盐(25,35)胁迫下,种子萌发很差,萌根之后不能定植,出现灼根现象.相同盐度处理下幼苗的生长也显示出与萌发相似的状况,高盐(25,35)处理下的幼苗在前两个月相继死去,不能长期存活.Salinity is one of the most important factors influencing the distribution of mangrove plant Excoecaria agallocha.Under different salinities,rooting rate,germination index,seedling establishment rate of E.agallocha seed were investigated and also the situation of stem height,base diameter,leaf number,maximum leaf area of E.agallocha seedlings.Results showed that under the low salinity 5,seed germination was similar to that under salinity 0,significantly higher than those under the middle salinity,15.Under high salinities(25 and 35),seed germination was very low.Only half of the seeds can root,but can't grow,and nearly all the roots were burnt by the high salt.The seedlings growth showed nearly the same condition.Under high salinities(25 and 35),the seedlings were successively dead in the first 2 months.国家海洋局海洋公益性行业科研专项(200805072);国家海洋局908项目(908-02-04-04);教育部新世纪优秀人才计

A Study of Asymmetric Hydroformylation in Ionic Liquid Biphasic System

从(R)-BINAP出发制备水溶性磺酸钠盐配体(R)-BINAPS,采用离子液体[BMIM]BF4和[BMIM]PF6为介质,实现其Rh配合物对乙酸乙烯酯的两相不对称氢甲酰化反应.实验结果表明,在以[BMIM]BF4为介质的乙酸乙烯酯不对称氢甲酰化反应中,该催化剂在温和条件下显示出高于相应均相体系的产物ee值和异构醛选择性,并在6次循环使用中,反应产物的ee值、选择性和转化率均无明显改变;在离子液体体系中添加适当的甲苯时,油溶性配体(R)-BINAP与Rh组成的配合物催化剂亦可形成类似的两相反应体系,但其活性和选择性在重复使用中呈明显下降趋势.本文还考察了溶剂体系、膦铑比、温度、压力、时间等的影响,并尝试苯乙烯的两相不对称氢甲酰化反应.A biphasic catalysis system composed of ionic liquids (ILs) and water-soluble chiral rhodium complex of (R)-BINAPS which was prepared by sulfonation of (R)-BINAP has been developed for the asymmetric hydroformylation of vinyl acetate under mild conditions. The catalyst system with BF4 showed higher ee value and iso-aldehyde selectivity as compared with the homogeneous counterpart without IL. The biphasic catalysis system could be reused at least six times without reducing activity, enetioselectivity and regioselectivity. Analogous biphasic catalysis system might be formed when using the chiral rhodium complex of (R)-BINAP dissolved in ILs and an additional solvent of toluene. But such system showed significant decreases in activity and enetioselectivity during the recycling use. The effects of molar ratio of ligand to rhodium, temperature, pressure and reaction time have been discussed. An attempt for the asymmetric hydroformylation of styrene with the biphasic catalysis system has also been made in the paper.国家自然科学基金(20473065和20433030);; 973课题(G2000048008);; 高等学校博士点基金(20050384011);; 福建省科技重大专项(2005HZ01-3)资助课题

垃圾中可燃物的燃烧动力学研究

采用热重法对六种垃圾中的可燃物的燃烧过程进行了研究，探讨了垃 可燃物燃烧过程的燃烧特性，并由它们的微分热重曲线计算出它们的一级反应动力学参数，各可燃物的燃烧特性可归纳为纤维类与聚合类，可燃物的活化能与着火点温度相对应，活化能与指前因子直接存在补偿效应

垃圾衍生燃料（RDF）的成型工艺及物理特性

提出了垃圾衍生燃料（RDF）的制备方法，研究了不同成型条件对RDF的物理特性及脱氯效率的影响，根据实验结果总结了制备垃圾衍生燃料的优化工艺