Effects of Biochar and Fulvic Acid Application on Soil Properties in Tidal Flat Reclamation Region

In order to investigate the function of,biochar and fulvic acid on improving coastal salty-alkalinity land, this paper adopted field corn planting experimental method in June 2015; and set up 6 treatments: CK,BC1,BC2, FA,BC1+FA,BC2+FA, applying biochar 7.5 t /hm~2(BC1),30 t /hm~2(BC2),fulvic acid 1.5 t /hm~2(FA) and their combinations; and studied the effects of additional materials on characteristic indexes of important soil sanilityalkalinity situation. The results indicated that BC2 treatment could reduce soil bulk density,but soil bulk density was not reduced under treatment of low biochar application quantity (BC1),and soil in research area showed a gradual degradation state of natural hardening. With the increase of biochar applying quantity,soil water holding capacity showed a degeneration tendency. Applycation of biochar and fulvic acid significantly improved the organic matter contents in soil,which was the highest level under BC2+FA condition,reaching 6.31 g /kg. Among all treatment,the phenomenon of periodic desalting and accumulation of salt in the surface soil showed an identical rule,but the salt accumulation under BC1+FA and BC2+FA treatments was obviousely lower than that of the other treatments. The results indicated that applycation of biochar and fulvic acid could increase soil fertility,improve soil structure, restrain salt accumulation and was in favour of remoulding coastal beach saline-alkali land for rapid arable land utilization. The treatment of 30 t /hm~2 biochar combined with 1.5 t /hm~2 fulvic acid had the best result.</p

牵引成骨术治疗青少年小下颌骨畸形的应用

【目的】探讨牵引成骨术在治疗青少年下颌骨畸形中的效果。【方法】1 例半侧颜面发育不全导致小下颌畸形、4 例颞下颌关节强直伴小下颌骨畸形患者的患侧植入牵张器, 共 6 处植入牵张器, 比较牵引成骨术前后的患者面部外形及相关症状的变化。【结果】5 例病例( 6 个牵引器) 按预期完成牵引, 牵引完成后所有患者面部畸形得到明显改善, 下颌骨牵引延长 17.6~28.0 mm , 平均 23.4 mm, 牵引区形成骨形态和质地理想,症状改善。【结论】牵引成骨术技术在矫治青少年下颌骨发育性畸形中具有重要的临床价值, 值得推广

Identification of Biodegradation Products of Methyl Parathion in Aqueous Environment by High Performance Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry with Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry

用青岛曹家汶河口沉积物中分离出的细菌L-10(希瓦氏菌属)进行了水体中甲基对硫磷的细菌降解研究。研究表明,该菌对甲基对硫磷具有显著的降解性。采用高效液相色谱/飞行时间质谱(HPLC-TOF-MS)联用技术对甲基对硫磷及其细菌降解产物进行了分析。样品经SPE-C18小柱富集分离后,进行液相色谱和在线电喷雾飞行时间质谱分析。采用C18反相色谱柱(15 cm×4.6 mm i.d.5μm),线性梯度为:0 m in乙腈/水(30/70),5 m in乙腈/水(30/70),20 m in乙腈/水(80/20),25 m in乙腈/水(80/20);流速0.8 m l/m in,甲酸铵缓冲溶液浓度为0.1%(V/V);电喷雾正离子(ESI)模式,m/z扫描范围50~1000进行TOF-MS扫描、测定,测定结果用AnalystQS软件进行分析。结果表明,与甲基对硫磷光降解产生甲基对氧磷和对硝基酚不同,在降解菌L-10的存在下,甲基对硫磷发生了取代、氧化、还原等一系列反应,产生了相应的降解产物。降解过程的机理很复杂,从甲基对硫磷及其降解产物的分子结构式来分析,推断可能与细菌本身的代谢有关。The biodegradation of the organophosphorus insecticide methyl parathion,in aqueous suspensions by bacteria L-10(Shewanella sp.)isolated from river sediment has been studied.The biodegradation process was found to be highly efficient,with the formation of several intermediates that were identified using high performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry/diode array detection(HPLC/MS/DAD) and electrospray-time of flight mass spectrometry(TOF-MS).Unlike photocatalytic degradation of methyl parathion,from which the main degradation intermediates include primarily methyl paraoxon and 4-nitrophenol,the degradation products from biodegradation are more diverse because of the complexity of biodegradation processes.The analytical method used in the study can be summarized as the following.The analytical column was a Alltech C_(18) reversed-phase column(4.6 mm×150 mm,5 μm).The diode array detector was set at the wavelength from 190 to 400 nm.Gradient elution was used in HPLC runs.The gradients were formed by varying the(proportion) of water(A) and acetonitrile(B),each containing 0.1%(V/V) ammonium formate.The elution systems were that: 0-5 min,10% of B;5-20 min,10%-50% B.The flow rate employed was 0.8(mL/min) throughout the run.MS data for parathion-methyl and its degradation products with pasitive ion(PI)-ESI detection was acquired by scanning over the m/z ranges of 10-1000.Data were processed using Analyst QS software from Agilent.科技部863计划(No.2003AA635180

基于有限元法的疲劳点蚀斜齿轮时变啮合刚度分析与试验研究

疲劳点蚀斜齿轮啮合刚度计算是齿轮故障动力学分析的重要基础。基于有限元的斜齿轮啮合刚度计算方法，建立了正常齿轮和疲劳点蚀齿轮的有限元模型。通过有限元模型计算，得到了齿面法向接触力和综合弹性变形量；并根据啮合刚度计算方法，得到了齿轮的单齿啮合刚度和多齿综合啮合刚度。分析不同点蚀剥落长度和宽度对齿轮啮合刚度的影响得知，剥落长度和宽度对齿轮啮合刚度影响较大；而且剥落长度会影响齿轮啮合刚度的变化区域。通过疲劳点蚀试验证明，齿轮啮合刚度的减小使得齿轮振动冲击响应增大

不同光源下TiO_2膜对MC-RR光催化降解的比较研究

通过溶胶-凝胶法制备了纳米级的锐钛矿型TiO2膜,利用纯化的MC-RR分别研究了该膜在太阳光、UVA和UVC三种光源下对MC-RR的催化降解行为。结果表明,太阳光下TiO2膜对MC-RR的催化降解反应符合一级反应动力学,而在UVA和UVC下符合二级反应。不同光源下TiO2膜的催化效果差别较大,在太阳光下催化效果最为明显,反应速率常数由5.12&times;10-5&middot;min-1增加到5.49&times;10-3&middot;min-1,增加了两个数量级;UVA次之,由6.0&times;10-4L&middot;mg-1&middot;min-1增加到1.55&times;10-3L&middot;mg

The Cultural and Social Centers and their influence on the lives of people with mental disorders

Orientador: Maria de Fátima de Campos FrançozoDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências MédicasResumo: Os Centros de Convivência e Cultura (CECOs) são dispositivos públicos componentes da rede de atenção substitutiva em saúde mental brasileira, onde são oferecidos às pessoas espaços de sociabilidade, produção e intervenção na cidade. Nestes locais, pessoas de uma determinada comunidade têm a liberdade de se reunir livremente, com a finalidade de se socializarem e, através deste contato, construírem juntas, espaços de trabalho, lazer, cultura, saúde, entretenimento, inclusão social, discussões e posicionamentos sobre problemas de sua comunidade. Os CECOs estão associados ao Projeto da Reforma Psiquiátrica, uma vez que surgiram como alternativa de socialização de pessoas com transtornos mentais. Surgida na Europa e América do Norte, nas décadas de 1960 e 70, a Reforma Psiquiátrica é processo político e social complexo, composto de atores, instituições e forças de diferentes origens, que pretende construir um novo estatuto social para o doente mental, que lhe garanta cidadania, respeito a seus direitos à sua individualidade e sua convivência com a sociedade. No Brasil, este processo se iniciou em meados de 1978, com o Movimento Sanitário que dá origem à implantação do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) do país, em 1988 e propicia a criação de uma Rede de Atenção à Saúde Mental. Esta pesquisa foi construída em meio ao contexto exposto acima, tratando-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, através da qual se pretendeu investigar, mediante a realidade atual dos CECOs, como estes espaços têm modificado a vida de pessoas com transtornos mentais e de seus familiares. Para tanto, foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com cinco usuários de um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial (CAPS), acometidos de transtornos mentais, que participam do Centro de Convivência Tear das Artes e um de seus respectivos familiares. As entrevistas foram transcritas e seu conteúdo, categorizado e analisado. Como principais resultados, constatou-se que segundo a percepção dos entrevistados, o CECO é um espaço que pode propiciar a inclusão e participação social das pessoas com transtornos mentais através das atividades desenvolvidas no local, em conjunto com pessoas da comunidade. As atividades que permitem livre expressão dos usuários foram valorizadas nos depoimentos. Constatou-se também que as famílias e os próprios usuários têm dificuldades e enfrentam preconceitos para lidar com a doença mental e neste sentido, a participação no CECO pode ser a oportunidade para lidar com a situaçãoAbstract: The Culture and Social Centers (CECO) are public components of substitute care network in Brazil's Mental Health System, which offers to people spaces of sociability, production and intervention in the city to the public. In these places, people in a community have the freedom to get together in order to socialize and, through this contact, build together, work, leisure, culture, health, and entertainment spaces, social inclusion, discussions and positions on problems in their community. The Culture and Social Centers are associated with the design of the Psychiatric Reform, since they emerged as an alternative for the socialization of people with mental disorders. Emerging in Europe and North America in the 1960s and 70s, the Psychiatric Reform is a political and social complex process, composed of actors, institutions and forces of different origins, which intends to build a new social status for the mentally ill, which guarantees citizenship, respect for their rights to their individuality and their interaction with society. In Brazil, this process began in mid-1978, with the Sanitary Movement that gave rise to the implementation of the Unified Health System (SUS) in the country in 1988 and promotes the creation of a Network of Mental Health Care. This research was carried out within this aforementioned context, addressing the current reality of CECOs. It aimed at understanding how these spaces have transformed the lives of people with mental disorders and those of their families. It was a qualitative investigation. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. The participants were five users with mental disorders who participate in a CECO and one of his or her relatives. The interviews were taped, transcribed and their content was analyzed. As part the main results, this research indicated that, according to the perception of the participants, the CECO is a space that can foster social inclusion and participation of people with mental disorders through the activities undertaken at the site, together with the community in which it is inserted. The participants valued the activities that give rise to their free expressions, to their subjectivity. This research also showed that families and the users themselves have difficulty in dealing with the prejudice related to mental illness and in this sense participation in CECO can be an opportunity to demystify the situationMestradoInterdisciplinaridade e ReabilitaçãoMestra em Saúde, Interdisciplinaridade e Reabilitaçã

前瞻性探讨小剂量对比剂及特殊体位设计在320 排CT颈部血管造影中的应用

【目的】探讨小剂量对比剂及特殊体位设计在320排CT颈部血管造影中的可行性研究。【方法】收集 临床可疑颈动脉或椎动脉病变的患者60例，将其随机分为两组G1、G2，每组各30例，检查前均先询问体质量并 做记录。两组均采用320排CT螺旋扫描模式，检查前均于右臂肘静脉留置静脉通道，对比剂用量为体质量乘以 0.6 mL/kg，注射对比剂速率均为4 mL/s。G1 组：采用常规体位；G2 组：采用辅助设备使手臂抬高并小角度外展 的体位，其他扫描及重建参数与G1 组相同。测量颈动脉和颈静脉各节段CT 值，观察颈动脉（包括颈总动脉、 颈内/外动脉）、椎动脉的显示效果及头臂静脉、上腔静脉、右侧锁骨下静脉污染程度。比较和分析两组客观图像 质量（血管CT 值）。【结果】G1、G2 两组右头臂静脉、右锁骨下静脉和上腔静脉CT 值比较，差异有统计学意义 （P＜0.05）。G1、G2两组颈总动脉开口处；左、右颈内动脉（窦部上2 cm）；左、右侧椎动脉窦部水平的CT值比较， 差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。【结论】在行颈部CTA检查时，采用低剂量对比剂及特殊体位扫描，图像质量能够 满足临床诊断需要；同时提高了对比剂利用效率，降低了对比剂的肾毒性风险