CORROSION MECHANISM OF CONCRETE AND NEW PROTECTION METHODS

综述了混凝土混凝土腐蚀的机理和影响因素 ,讨论了混凝土设计、施工、和维护中应该注意的问题 .从节约能源、资源的和保护环境的角度 ,介绍了新型的防护方法 ,包括新型混凝土、新型外加剂、新型杀菌剂、新型电化学驱氯和再碱化技术 ,新型涂料等The mechanism and the influance factors of concrete corrosion have been described in this review, including physical destruction,chemical attack and biological action. The matters that should be noticed during design, operation and maintenance have also been discussed. To economize on resources and energy and to protect the environment, several new methods to enhance the durability of concrete structure are suggested,in terms of new concrete, new admixtures, new bactericide, new technology of electrochemical removal of chloride and new coatings.国家自然科学基金资助项目 !(5 98710 43

State-of-art of research on composite polymer electrolytes for rechargeable lithium batteries

介绍了可充锂电池用聚合物电解质的分类、优越性及其新进展。重点介绍了聚环氧乙烷(PEO)基复合聚合物电解质材料的研究现状,指出近年来纳米复合聚合物电解质的出现为可充锂电池的实用化提供了新的希望。此外,还讨论了纳米无机惰性填料在提高电解质电导率、改善锂/电解质界面稳定性及锂离子迁移数方面的作用机理。Classification, advantages and stateofart of research on polymer electrolyte for rechargeable Li batteries were introduced. The stateofart of research of composite polymer electrolyte (CPE) materials based on polyethylene oxide (PEO) were described emphatically. The development of nanosized CPE on the commercialization was also presented. Moreover, the mechanisms of improving the conductivity of electrolyte, modifying the stability of Li/electrolyte interface and enhancing the number of Liion transference with inorganic inert filler in nano size were discussed.国家杰出青年科学基金资助(29925310);; 教育部霍英东优秀年轻教师基金资助(71014

Synthesis, characterization and ion-conducting mechanism study of nano composite polymer electrolytes for rechargeable lithium batteries

高比能量、小体积、任意尺寸、安全可靠的二次聚合物锂电池，对便携式用电器的推广应用、对电动汽车及混合电动汽车的研究开发具有十分重要的意义。本文以PEO为基质、以LiClO4和LiCF3SO3为支持电解质，制备了用于锂电池的全固态、自支撑的聚合物电解质膜，并向体系中引入纳米颗粒SiO2，制成复合聚合物电解质。通过交流阻抗、直流电位阶跃、循环伏安、线性电位扫描、恒电流充放电等电化学技术，以及DSC、TGA热力学方法，FTIR光谱技术，测定了聚合物电解质和复合聚合物电解质的离子电导率，表征了电解质的体相中的晶相成分和热力学稳定特性，跟踪观测了各类电解质在不同结晶状态时的FTIR特征，分析了纳米SiO2...The rechargeable lithium polymer batteries with high energy density, reliability and good safety, are very important for the research and development of electric vehicles (EV) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEV). In this thesis, the solvent-free and self-standing PEO-based polymer electrolytes (PE) and composite polymer electrolytes (CPE) were prepared with nano-sized SiO2 as fillers. The electroch...学位：理学博士院系专业：化学化工学院化学系_物理化学(含化学物理)学号：B20002502

Preparation and Electrochemical Performance of New Composite Seperators for Lithium- ion Batteries

通讯联系人,Tel: ( 86- 592) 2185753, E-mail: yyang@xmu. edu. cn[中文文摘]利用浸渍法在聚丙烯微孔膜( Celgard 2400) 表面涂覆掺有纳米二氧化硅的聚氧乙烯( PEO) , 制备了新型锂电池用复合隔膜. 采用交流阻抗法、扣式电池充放电等实验技术测试了复合隔膜的电化学性能.[英文文摘]New composite seperators for lithium ion batteries were prepared by coating PEO mixed with nanosize SiO2 onto microporous polypropylene( PP) seperators. Highly conductive electrolytes were prepared by soaking them in an electrolyte solution. With these composite separators, the lithium ion cell consisting of Li anode and LiNi0. 8Co0. 2O2 cathode were assembled. The high initial discharge capacity and good capacity retention were obtained through the cell.国家自然科学基金( 29925310, 20021002) , 霍英东优秀青年教师基金资

Effect of surface groups of nano-SiO_2 on the electrochemical properties of composite polymer electrolytes for rechargeable lithium batteries

采用不同表面化学状态的纳米SiO2,制备了聚环氧乙烷[Poly(ethyleneoxide),PEO]基复合聚合物电解质(Compositepolymerelectrolytes,CPE),通过DSC技术和FTIR光谱研究了纳米填料对聚合物体系体相成分的影响,并对其离子电导率、锂离子迁移数、电化学稳定性等电化学性质进行了表征。结果表明,纳米填料的表面化学状态对CPE的影响很大,亲水性的SiO2对CPE的相组成几乎没有改变效果,但疏水性的SiO2明显降低了聚合物体系的晶相成分。电化学测试结果显示,采用表面烷基化的SiO2制备成的CPE比采用亲水性SiO2的CPE显出更高的离子电导率、锂离子迁移数和更宽的电化学稳定窗口,揭示了体系的相组成和PEO/SiO2相界层是影响CPE内离子传输的两个重要因素。Nano-SiO2 with different surface chemical states were introduced into PEO-based polymer electrolytes to form inorganic-polymer composite electrolytes. The composite electrolytes were studied by DSC and FTIR spectroscopic techniques, A.C impedance, chronoamperometry, linear potential scanning voltammetry etc. to explore the structural and electrochemical properties. The experimental results showed that the surface chemical states have distinctive effect on the properties of the composite polymer electrolytes. SiO2 with hydrophobic surface resulted in the decrease of crystallinity phase in the polymer system,while SiO2 with hydrophilic surface has little effect on the phase component of the CPE. The electrochemical experiments results showed that CPE dispersed with hydrophobic SiO2 demonstrate much better performances in ionic conductivity, lithium ion transference number and electrochemical stability window than that with hydrophilic SiO2. It could be concluded that the phase composition and PEO/ SiO2 interphase layer are both important factors for the ions transportation in CPEs.国家杰出青年科学基金(29925310);; 教育部霍英东优秀年轻教师基金(71014)资助课

Study on Electrochemical Properties of PEO-based Composite Polymer Electrolytes

　以PEO8 LiClO4作母体,纳米SiO2为填料,制成PEO8 LiClO4 SiO2(x%)系列复合聚合物电解质,测定这该电解质的电导率、锂离子迁移数和电化学稳定窗口,并对其晶态结构作差热分析表征.结果表明,纳米SiO2的引入,显著提高了电解质的电导率,在22℃时达到4.3×10-5S·cm-1.此外,还探讨了填料对复合聚合物电解质电导率提高的影响机理.Composite polymer electrolytes were prepared by introducing nano-scale SiO_(2)into PEO_(8)-LiClO_(4)matrix. The ionic conductivity, lithium transference number and the electrochemical stability windows were measured. The phase component was evaluated with DSC techniques. The results showed that the introduction of nano fillers enhanced the ionic conductivity. It reached 4.3×10~(-5 ) S·cm~(-1)at 22 ℃. The conductivity enhancement of the composite polymer electrolytes is analyzed and proposed.作者联系地址：厦门大学化学系固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室,厦门大学化学系固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室,厦门大学化学系固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室 福建厦门361005 ,福建厦门361005 ,福建厦门36100

浙江古田山亚热带常绿阔叶林开花和结实物候的种间种内差异

植物物候学主要研究植物的生活史事件发生时间和环境因子之间的关系.物候作为植物重要的功能性状,却未见有在群落水平上将植物物候变异和群落结构特征(多度)联系起来探究植物物候变异规律的报道.为了探索物候性状的种间种内变异规律,2012年4月~2015年8月在中国东部地区浙江省古田山国家级自然保护区亚热带常绿阔叶林24hm~2大样地(GTS;29°10′19.4″~29°17′41.4″N,118°03′49.7″~118°11′12.2″E)内,对106种植物的物候进行连续观测,用标准差定性分析物候的种间和种内差异.结果表明,影响开花物候的气候因子为降水,群落开花高峰集中在5月,结实成熟高峰集中在10月.群落结实物候种间差异小于开花物候,其中结实物候种间差异为41天,开花物候种间差异为52天;群落水平植物开花和结实物候的种内变异小于种间;大部分物种开花物候的种内变异小于结实物候.本研究首次探讨了物候期种内变异系数和物种多度的关系,也是首次研究物候种内变异系数与物候期早晚的关系,发现群落物候种内变异与物种的多度不相关,群落开花物候种内变异与物候期的关系不显著,群落结实物候的种内变异和物候期具有显著负相关关系,即物候期早的结实物候种内变异大,物候期晚的结实物候种内变异小.将植物物候变异和群落结构特征(多度)联系起来探究植物物候变异规律,有利于理解物候的改变是怎样影响物种的相互作用和适合度,这对于在气候变化大背景下理解植物性状变异及物种分化和群落动态变化具有重要意义

Preparation and Electrochemical Performance of New Composite Seperators for Lithium-ion Batteries

　利用浸渍法在聚丙烯微孔膜(Celgard2400)表面涂覆掺有纳米二氧化硅的聚氧乙烯(PEO),制备了新型锂电池用复合隔膜.采用交流阻抗法、扣式电池充放电等实验技术测试了复合隔膜的电化学性能.New composite seperators for lithium ion batteries were prepared by coating PEO mixed with nanosize SiO_(2)onto microporous polypropylene(PP) seperators. Highly conductive electrolytes were prepared by soaking them in an electrolyte solution. With these composite separators, the lithium ion cell consisting of Li anode and LiNi_(0.8)Co_(0.2)O_(2)cathode were assembled. The high initial discharge capacity and good capacity retention were obtained through the cell.作者联系地址：厦门大学化学系固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室,厦门大学化学系固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室,厦门大学化学系固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室 福建厦门361005 ,福建厦门361005 ,福建厦门361005Author's Address: * , Xiamen Univ., Xiamen 361005, Chin

Prospects of Reinforced Concrete and Its Surface Protection in 21st Century

作者简介:邱富荣, 1964 年毕业于上海科学技术大学, 1983～ 1985 年公派赴美国国家标准局做访问学者, 现为中国科学院福建物质结构研究所二部副研究员, 硕士研究生导师, 主要从事腐蚀电化学和电化学保护测控技术研究; 曾参加过美国联邦公路署的钢筋腐蚀测量项目的研究;主持的海洋中钢筋混凝土构筑物防腐蚀研究获1996 年军队科技进步奖; 专用油码头钢筋砼沉箱群区域性外加电流阴极保护的研究与应用, 获1998 年中石化总公司科技进步奖; 1997 年获国务院政府特殊津贴。[中文文摘]从可持续发展的角度 ,较全面地阐述了 2 1世纪的钢筋混凝土及其表面保护。内容涉及工程应用的新型混凝土、新型钢筋、新型化冰盐、新型阻锈剂、新型防护涂料、新型电化学修复技术等的进展和动态 ,提出了在新世纪中表面保护工作的若干建议。[英文文摘]From the sustainable development point of view, the development of reinforced concrete and its surface protection in the 21st century is expounded. Several proposals on surface protection in the new century are put forward.国家自然科学基