Functionalization and Applications of Noble Metal Nanoparticles in Bioanalysis

贵金属纳米颗粒是以金、银和铂等贵金属为主的纳米材料，具有优良的光学、电学和催化特性，已被广泛地应用于各个领域。而将贵金属纳米颗粒功能化，即制备具有识别能力、催化活性和强拉曼信号等功能的纳米颗粒，能够进一步扩大贵金属纳米颗粒的应用范围。 纳米颗粒的识别功能通常依赖于修饰识别分子如抗体、DNA等，其中DNA具有廉价、稳定、易修饰和生物相容性好的优点，常被用于修饰贵金属纳米颗粒，进行生物分析和细胞成像。然而，传统方法在贵金属纳米颗粒上修饰DNA，过程十分耗时繁琐，极大的阻碍DNA/贵金属纳米颗粒复合体在生物分析和细胞成像中的应用。因此亟需发展简单快速的方法，在贵金属纳米颗粒上修饰DNA。除识别功能...Noble metal nanoparticles (NMN) are nanomaterials which is made of gold, silver, and platinum. Due to the excellent optical, electrical, and catalytical properties, NMN have been widely applied in different areas. By functionalization of NMN with recognition capacity, catalytic activity, or Raman scatering, it will further increase the application of NMN. Functionalization of NMN with recognition...学位：理学博士院系专业：化学化工学院_分析化学学号：2052011015369

Identification of Irradiated Protein-rich Food by Dissociative Tyrosine

建立了高效液相色谱-游离酪氨酸法鉴定高蛋白含量辐照食品的方法。向经过辐照的高蛋白含量样品中加入0.1 MOl/l HCl,使细胞裂解并释放出游离酪氨酸,离心除去细胞碎片后,向上清液中加入80%丙酮并在-20℃下冰冻沉淀除去大部分蛋白,样品中的酪氨酸与三氟乙酸形成离子对后经C18色谱柱分离。在100~1 500μg/l质量浓度范围内,邻酪氨酸和间酪氨酸均具有良好线性,方法的回收率为61%~116%,定量下限(S/n≥10)为10μg/l。该法避免了蛋白质的水解,具有操作简便、测定准确等优点,能很好地区分未经辐照与经5 kgy以上剂量辐照的食品。A novel method was presented for identification of irradiated protein-rich food by HPLC with dissociative tyrosine.The procedure involved the homogenization of fresh sample with 0.1 mol/L HCl,followed by centrifugation to remove the cell debris and the solvent precipitation of protein with acetone at-20 ℃,then the tyrosine was separated by forming ion pair with trifluoroacetic acid on a C18 column.The average recoveries of the drugs ranged from 61% to 116% at the spiked levels of 100-800 μg/L.The method is simple and double-quick,and could be efficiently identified food sample irradiated at a dose of 5 kGy or above.国家质量监督检验检疫总局科研计划资助项目(2009IK183

Determination of Dithiocarbamates in Foodstuffs by LC-MS/MS

通过优化质谱、液相色谱和萃取缓冲液等条件,建立了一种简单、快速、灵敏测定食品中二硫代氨基甲酸酯的方法。在优化条件下,代森锌(EbdC)、丙森锌(PbdC)的线性范围为2~100μg/l,相关系数均不小于0.997。在花椰菜、萝卜和豌豆中EbdC和PbdC的检出限(S/n>3)为2μg/kg;萝卜和豌豆中Eb-dC和PbdC的定量下限(S/n>10)为10μg/kg,而花椰菜中EbdC和PbdC的定量下限(S/n>10)为15μg/kg。在花椰菜、萝卜和豌豆基质中加标5~100μg/kg的EbdC和PbdC时,测定加标回收率为83%~96%,相对标准偏差为4.4%~10.5%,方法可满足定量分析的要求。A simple,fast and sensitive method was developed for the determination of dithiocarbamates,including tiezene(EBDC) and pestanal(PBDC),by optimizing the parameters of LC-MS/MS and extraction buffer.Under the optimized conditions,the calibration curves of EBDC and PBDC were linear in the range of 2-100 μg/L with correlation coefficients not less than 0.997.The limits of detection(LODs,S/N>3) of EBDC and PBDC were 2 μg/kg for cauliflower,turnip and pea,and the limits of quantitation(LOQs,S/N>10) of EBDC and PBDC were 10 μg/kg for turnip and pea,and 15 μg/kg for cauliflower.The recoveries in cauliflower,turnip and pea samples at spiked concentration levels of 5-100 μg/kg ranged from 83% to 96% with relative standard deviations(RSDs) of 4.4%-10.5%.The method could meet the requirement for the analysis of dithiocarbamates in foodstuffs.厦门市科技计划项目(3502Z20092009;3502Z20102013); 国家质检总局科技计划项目(2010IK162;2010IK192

PET/SiO_2纳米复合材料的结晶和形貌研究

利用X射线衍射仪、DSC和扫描电子显微镜研究了纳米SiO_2不同含量的PET/SiO_2复合材料在恒温条件下的结晶度、熔化温度和晶体形貌.结果发现,SiO_2纳米粒子含量对复合材料的结晶速度有很大影响;球晶尺寸与SiO_2纳米粒子添加量密切相关

Application of DNA functionalized gold nanoparticles

金纳米颗粒拥有独特的光学和电学性质,被广泛地应用于分析检测、催化和生物医学等领域.通过改变尺寸和形状能够可控地调节金纳米颗粒的等离子体共振吸收峰,进而改变金纳米颗粒的光学和电学特性.而在金纳米表面修饰dnA,使金纳米颗粒具有dnA的特异性识别能力和可寻址能力,则能够有效地扩展金纳米颗粒在纳米组装、环境监测、疾病诊断、药物运输和纳米颗粒合成方面的应用.本文系统总结了不同大小金纳米颗粒的合成方法,探讨如何在金纳米颗粒上快速修饰dnA,研究了影响金纳米颗粒表面dnA的修饰密度、功能及稳定性的因素,并描述了dnA功能化的金纳米颗粒在检测、组装、载药和纳米颗粒合成中的应用.本文将进一步加深人们对dnA功能化金纳米颗粒的制备、性质及应用的了解,为dnA功能化金纳米颗粒的研究提供指导.Gold nanoparticles have been widely applied to different natural sciences due to its unique optical and electrical properties.It is easy to control the size and shape of gold nanoparticles to adjust the absorption peak of gold nanoparticles and change the optical and electrical properties.When gold nanoparticles are functionalized with DNA, they are endowed with the recognition ability and addressability of DNA, and it further widens the applications of gold nanoparticles in nanoparticle assembly, environmental monitoring, disease diagnosis, drug delivery, and nanoparticle synthesis.First, this review systematically summarized the synthesis of gold nanoparticles with different sizes.Second, it discussed how to rapidly functionalize gold nanoparticles with DNA.Moreover, it studied the factors that affect the density, function, and stability of DNA on gold nanoparticle surface.Finally, it described the applications of gold nanoparticles in detection, nanoparticle assembly, drug delivery, and nanoparticle synthesis.This review would promote understanding of the preparations, properties, and applications of DNA functionalized gold nanoparticles, and would provide guidance for the research of DNA functionalized gold nanoparticles.国家重点基础研究发展计划(2010CB732402;2013CB933703); 国家自然科学基金(91313302;21205100;21275122); 国家杰出青年科学基金(21325522)的资