35 research outputs found

    Biological nitrogen fixation in the upper water column in the south Taiwan Strait during summer 2011

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    2011年6—7月,利用15n2示踪法实测了台湾海峡南部海域的生物固氮速率,结合温度、盐度、天然颗粒物氮同位素组成的分布,分析并讨论了影响研究海域生物固氮速率的环境因素。结果表明,夏季台湾海峡南部海域的生物固氮速率介于168—1080 nMOl M-3d-1之间,平均为537 nMOl M-3d-1,较高的生物固氮速率大多出现在次表层水体中。研究站位的积分固氮速率变化范围为11—40μMOl M-2d-1,平均为23μMOl M-2d-1。积分固氮速率的空间变化与不同水团的影响有关,在受黑潮水影响的海域,生物固氮速率较高,而在上升流和受河流冲淡水影响的海域,生物固氮速率较低,说明较低的水温及较高的无机氮营养盐可能会抑制研究海域的生物固氮作用。研究海域天然颗粒物δ15n与生物固氮速率之间呈现良好的负相关关系,表明天然颗粒物氮同位素组成可定性指征研究海域生物固氮作用的强弱。Biological N2fixation in marine environments is a major component in the ocean nitrogen budget and plays an important role in global carbon cycles through the sequestration of atmospheric carbon dioxide and production of marine organic matter.N2fixation could be regulated by the abundance and chemical speciation of nutrients and many trace elements in seawater.Recent studies have revealed that N2fixation is much more widespread in marine environments than previously thought.However,little is known about the N2fixation in the Taiwan Strait,especially on N2fixation rates,and their relationship with environmental parameters.The major objectives of this study were to determine the N2fixation rates and their spatial distributions and to explore major physicochemical controlling factors in the south Taiwan Strait.During June and July 2011,seawater samples were collected from ten stations at two transects in the south Taiwan Strait for the measurements of N2fixation rate using the15N2tracer assay.Particulate nitrogen and its isotopic composition were measured with an elemental analyzer(Carlo Erba NC 2500) coupled with a Finnigan MAT DeltaplusXP isotope ratio mass spectrometer.Reproducibility of nitrogen isotope measurements(in terms of δ15N) was within 0.2‰.Our results showed that N2fixation rates in the south Taiwan Strait ranged from 168—1080 nmol m-3d-1with an average of 537 nmol m-3d-1.Most of the high rates were observed at subsurface layers.The depth-integrated N2fixation rates were 11—40 μmol m-2d-1with an average of(23±10) μmol m-2d-1.The distribution of the N2fixation rates showed regional variations with influence from water masses with distinctive temperature and salinity.Higher N2fixation rates were mostly observed in the regions influenced by the Kuroshio,with an average of 31 μmol m-2d-1,while lower rates occurred in the upwelling and river plume regions with an average of 15 μmol m-2d-1.This spatial distribution pattern indicated that biological N2fixation was largely impeded by the low temperature and the high concentration of dissolved inorganic nitrogen in the south Taiwan Strait.The contribution of N2fixation in the study area could be further quantified based on the δ15N signatures of suspended particles which could be significantly depleted during N2fixation.Indeed,a negative correlation between the δ15N signatures of suspended particles and N2fixation rates was observed regardless of using all data points or depth-averaged values within the water column.This indicated that15N-depleted particles were largely derived from the enhanced N2fixation,supporting the use of nitrogen isotopic composition(δ15N) of suspended particles as a potential indicator of N2fixation in the south Taiwan Strait.Further studies are needed to better elucidate the relationship between N2fixation rates and limiting elements and their chemical speciation,and thus the physical and biogeochemical controls on N2fixation in the south Taiwan Strait.国家自然科学基金资助项目(41125020;41076043;41206062); 国际海域资源调查与开发“十二五”项目(DY125-13-E-01

    典型油藏模拟在PC-Cluster上的实现及分析

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    本文介绍了基于PC-Cluster的并行油藏数值模拟软件,并结合国内某油田的实际百万网格点数据的计算实例对该软件的性能进行测试和分析,探讨了影响并行油藏数值模拟软件性能的因素。全国并行计算委员

    埃达克岩与埃达克质岩在中国的研究进展

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    纳米锰锌铁氧体的制备及在TPV中的应用

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    采用化学共沉淀法制备纳米锰锌铁氧体纳米颗粒,并用油酸进行表面改性,有效地阻止了纳米颗粒的团聚;改性后团聚体的粒径明显减小,提高了其在TPV中的分散性。将制备好的纳米颗粒作为填料改性TPV,通过一系列试验发现,油酸改性的锰锌铁氧体纳米颗粒比未改性的纳米颗粒更能提高TPV的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率

    2016HO3探测任务星载光学观测量建模及定轨

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    以中国首次小行星探测任务为背景,根据星载相机获取的光学影像构造三种观测量,分别为小行星相对于航天器的高度角和方位角、赤经赤纬以及探测器与行星/小行星之间的夹角,分析了其在探测器定轨中的作用。仿真定轨结果表明,观测时长为100 h,探测器三轴位置误差小于50 km,满足工程上对巡航段的轨道精度要求,但x和y方向的位置和速度分量具有较强自相关性。此外还发现,使用单一观测数据类型比联合观测量的定轨精度低3~4个量级,第三类观测量相对于其他两类观测量在定轨精度方面具有显著作用,这表明在2016HO3探测中,利用太阳系大天体的位置信息有助于约束探测器轨道,提高探测器的定轨精度
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