Effects of Spartina alterniflora on Mangrove Kandelia candel Seedlings Regeneration

以裸露的光滩为对照,在福建漳江口红树林国家级自然保护区互花米草入侵地进行秋茄胚轴插植试验,探究互花米草入侵对秋茄幼苗更新的影响。结果表明:由于互花米草遮荫的影响,秋茄幼苗生长缓慢,茎杆纤细且叶片出现脱落现象,最终由于互花米草的倒伏覆盖使得秋茄幼苗完全失去光照而全部死亡。The study was conducted in Zhangjiangkou Mangrove National Nature Reserve.Study sited with Kandelia candel hypocotyls were separately set in the places invaded by Spartina alterniflora with the control of places of bare tidal flat.The growth and survival of K.candel hypocotyls in the scopes of S.alterniflora communities were surveyed to evaluate the effects of the invasion on the regeneration of K.candel seedlings.The results showed that K.candel seedlings poorly grew because of the Spartina alterniflora shading, stalks were slender and leaves abscised,at last,because of the lodging of S.alterniflora,K.candel seedlings losed sunlight and died.国家自然科学基金项目(30600077)资

Yield and Value of Fishery Products of Zhangjiangkou Mangrove Forestry National Nature Reserve

2006年全年对福建漳江口红树林国家级自然保护区红树林主要分布地竹塔村辖区内的海产品类型、产量和价格进行了逐日统计。结果表明:2006年竹塔村滩涂海产品总产量为529956kg(1589.9kg/HM2),远高于一般的红树林。其中缢蛏苗和缢蛏成品的产量最高,分别为312468kg(937.4kg/HM2)和123376kg(370.1kg/HM2),占总产量的59.0%和23.3%。泥蚶、锯缘青蟹成品和泥螺分别占总产量的12.2%、2.3%和2.0%。缢蛏苗以冬季(1月和12月)的产量最高;锯缘青蟹苗年产量为2.59尾/M2,高峰期出现在6月至11月。2006年竹塔村红树林滩涂海产品总产值为1388.0万元(4.17万元/HM2)。研究结果可为红树林生态系统服务功能的评价和红树林的科学管理提供基础数据。Daily investigation of the yield and value of the main fishery products within a mangrove area of Zhuta village in Zhangjiangkou Mangrove National Nature Reserve were surveyed throughout the year of 2006.Results showed that the total yield of fishery products in this area was 529 956 Kg(1589.9kg/hm2) in 2006,much higher than that of the normal mangrove areas.The yields of young and adultSinonovacula constricta were the highest among the fishery products,respectively 312 468 kg(937.4kg/hm2) and 123 376 kg(370.1kg/hm2) ,accounting for 59.0% and 23.3% respectively of the total fishery yields.Tegillarca granosa,adult Scylla serrata and Bullacta exarata were the second important fishery products,accounting for 12.2%,2.3% and 2.0% of the total fishery products respectively.The yield of youngSinonovacula constricta peaked in winter(January and December) and the peak season of young Scylla serrata appeared between June and November.The annual fishery products value was 13.88 million Yuan(41 700 Yuan per hm2) .The results provide a basis for the evaluation of ecological services of mangroves and for its sound management.国家自然科学基金项目(40876046)资

The growth of Kandelia candel seedlings in mangrove habitats of the Zhangjiang Estuary in Fujian Province,China

通过福建漳江口红树林自然保护区内8个样方24个小样方人工种植600个秋茄胚轴,在3a时间内对秋茄胚轴建立、幼苗生长以及环境因子进行定期观测。研究结果表明:林缘空地的秋茄生长状况良好,白骨壤林内最不利于秋茄幼苗的生长。潮位、盐度、底质土壤理化因子不是造成该样地各样方间秋茄幼苗生长差异的主要原因。动物取食、光照状况以及种间竞争是限制秋茄生长的主要环境因子。秋茄胚轴在长根前易于随潮水漂走,底质土壤中白骨壤致密的根系抑制了秋茄胚轴的定植,导致白骨壤林内秋茄幼苗漂走的数量最多。昆虫和螃蟹等动物的取食是导致林内已经固着生长的秋茄幼苗大量死亡的最主要原因,而林外被取食的幼苗个体极少。此后秋茄幼苗能否继续成长,主要取决于幼苗所接受到的光照条件。3a后,在荫蔽的树冠下,秋茄幼苗无法存活;而在林外,秋茄幼苗已经长成幼树。在林外滩涂上迅速生长的互花米草,也将影响秋茄幼苗的更新和生长。 【英文摘要】 To evaluate the establishment and early growth of the mangrove species Kandelia candel in the intertidal zone,and to develop a better understanding of biotic and abiotic factors influencing the regeneration of its seedlings,we conducted a field experiment in Zhangjiang Estuary in Fujian.Different positions along the intertidal gradient were selected from 20 m to 120 m horizontal distance down the shore,including eight sampling sites in the mangrove areas.Equal numbers(75) numbers of mature propagules of K.c...国家自然科学基金资助项目(30200031);; 福建省自然科学基金资助项目(B0410001)~

Damage to mangroves from extreme cold in early 2008 in southern China

通讯作者Author for correspondence (E-mail: [email protected])2008年初,我国南方19个省经历了50年一遇的持续低温雨雪冰冻天气。极端气候对华南沿海各省的红树林区造成不同程度的危害。2008年3月,在我国南方各省红树林区的10个代表性地点,对这次寒害造成的红树植物伤害程度进行了系统的调查。结果表明:冬季低温对红树林的影响极为显著,特别是在低纬度的海南、广西和广东湛江,由于极端低温正值夜间退潮,对红树林的影响更为显著;在纬度较高的福建,本地红树种类秋茄(Kandelia obovata)、桐花树(Aegiceras corniculatum)和白骨壤(Avicennia marina)及引种的木榄(Bruguiera gymnorrhiza)等,由于长期适应于冬季较低的气温或在种植前经过抗寒锻炼,具有较强的抗寒能力。各地主要红树植物中,广布种秋茄、桐花树和白骨壤最为耐寒,其耐寒性均大于红树科的木榄、海莲(Bruguiera sexangula)和红海榄(Rhizophora stylosa)。海桑(Sonneratia caseolaris)对温度的敏感性最强,抗寒能力最低,因此,即使在其原产地海南也受到较为严重的寒害,在纬度更高的引种地出现大面积受害甚至全部死亡,而从孟加拉国引种的无瓣海桑(Sonneratia apetala)却显示出一定的抗寒能力。同一地点的红树植物幼苗的抗寒能力低于大树。此次寒害也造成了苗圃场的种苗大量死亡,成熟的植株提前落花落果,这势必会影响后继一两年内红树林的自然更新和人工造林。因此,在未来红树林造林或人工引种中,一定要考虑到红树植物的抗寒能力。国家自然科学基金(30671646和30700092);厦门大学“闽江学者”启动基