“美感三角模型”初探

本文结合神经生理学、心理学、计算语言学、物理学和美学等学科的知识,以文学语篇中的可能世界为基础,提出了“美感三角模型“假说。该模型建立在共鸣、势能和张力等三个物理概念的基础上,试图从物理原理的角度探求审美活动的本质。这三个因素相互牵制、相互协调、相互促进,形成一个动态三角结构,成为美感产生的基础。该模型最大的优点是能够解释不同层次和不同个体美感之间的差异,有较大的普适性。文章还对“美感三角模型“的原理和解释力进行了例释

Seamus Heaney's Identity Predicament and His Corresponding Strategy

本文从爱尔兰—英国诗人希尼所处的社会、历史和文化语境入手,考察他的整体创作,以客观事实和具体的文本论证:希尼应对其两难身份的策略并非一以贯之,而是在不断调整和发展。希尼在早期创作中毫不犹豫地选择了爱尔兰的立场和身份。随着时间的推移,他对爱尔兰的沦丧文化具有危机意识,但在“拥有了双重国籍后“,他依然没有轻易弃离爱尔兰身份。希尼最终寻求到完美的“平衡“策略,承认了自己的英国—爱尔兰二元身份。这种“求和“的策略是他反思文学、社会与历史之间的关系的产物,也与当今时代的发展潮流相适应。Referring to the social,historical and cultural context of Seamus Heaney's time,this article explores his works and argues that he adopts an inconsistent strategy in the choice of his controversial identity.He is adjusting and developing the strategy all the time.In his early works,he did not hesitate in choosing and displaying his Irish identity.With the passing of time,he senses the degradation crisis of Irish culture.However,with his dual nationality,he does not readily renounce the Irish identity,which,in some sense,indicates he acknowledges both his Irish identity and English identity.Heaney's balanced strategy is the product of his reflection on the relations among literature,society and history

Life Cycle of Eimeria fulva and Histopathologic Changes in Infected Goslings

12只10日龄雏鹅分别接种7.0×105~1.5×106个孢子化E im eria fu lva卵囊,在接种后24~264 h分期扑杀,对E.fu lva的生活史及其感染引起的组织病理变化进行了动态性观察。在内生性发育过程中,E.fu lva至少有2个世代的裂殖生殖阶段,每个成熟的裂殖体含15个左右的裂殖子。接种后168 h左右,虫体进入配子生殖阶段。感染后7.5 d始有卵囊排出,显露期为2.5 d。25℃下卵囊孢子化时间为60~84 h。E.fu lva可寄生于整个肠道和泄殖腔的绒毛上皮、肠腺和固有膜中,引起上皮坏死、脱落以及肠壁水肿、出血和炎性细胞浸润等。病变以空肠和回肠较为严重。感染鹅严重腹泻,但不会发生死亡。研究结果表明,E.fu lva对雏鹅具有中等程度的致病性。Twelve 10-day-old artificially-reared coccidia-free goslings were inoculated orally with 7.0×10~5-1.5×10~6 sporulated oocysts of Eimeria fulva,respectively,and killed at intervals from 24 h to 264 h after inoculations.The life cycle of E.fulva and histopathologic changes of its infection were observed chronologically.The results showed that at least 2 generations of meronts developed in the endogenous stage of the life cycle of E.fulva.Each meront contained about 15 merozoites.Development of gametes began at about 168 h after infection.The prepatent period was 7.5 d and the discharge of oocysts continued for 2.5 d.Sporulation of oocysts occurred in 60-84 h at 25℃.Developmental stages were present in the epithelial cells of villi and crypts and in lamina propria of the whole intestine and cloaca,resulting in desquamation and necrosis of the epithelium(including crypt epithelium),edema,hemorrhages,infiltration of inflammatory cells and villous atrophy.Histological lesions were pronounced in the jejunum and the ileum during the periods of gamogony and oocyst shedding.The infected goslings mainly showed severe diarrhoea but no deaths.The results suggest that E.fulva may be mildly pathogenic for goslings.江苏省科研院所社会公益研究与服务专项基金资助项目(BM2003701

过程工业绿色度理论及应用

<正> 环境污染的日益严重以及全社会环保意识的加强,促使人们不仅要关注一个单元或过程对环境的影响,而且也要考虑工业生态园区或产品生产周期对环境的影响。围绕过程或产品对环境影响的定向或定量分析,提出了一些概念与方法,这些方法要么过于简单,要么针对特殊体系或过程,不具有普适性,为此,本研究提出和建立绿色度理论,为过程工业对环境影响的评价提供定量、通用的方法

Real-Time Data Acquisition Support for IEC 61499 based Industrial Cyber-Physical Systems

Industrial Cyber-Physical Systems enhance physical devices with control, computing and communication abilities to provide smart solutions for industrial applications. In industrial applications, data acquisition is an important topic. Based on feedback data from sensors and equipment, industrial processes could be optimized either by experienced engineers manually or smart agents automatically. The IEC 61499 standard is designed for modeling distributed automation systems that perfectly fits the scope of industrial CPS. However, real-time data acquisition is not supported by the IEC 61499 standard currently. In this paper, an extension to IEC 61499 compliance profile is proposed to support real-time data acquisition. Both client/server and peer-to-peer model are supported. The proposed extension is demonstrated using a demo car manufacturing line

Studies on Life Cycle and Pathogenicity of Eimeria nocens in Domestic Goslings

16只10日龄小鹅分别接种1.0×105~1.0×106个Eimeria　nocens孢子化卵囊,在接种后30~336　h期间内分期剖杀,对E.　nocens的生活史和致病性进行了动态性观察。在内生性发育过程中,E.　nocens至少有3个世代的裂殖生殖阶段。有两种类型的裂殖体存在,一种在接种后54~78　h发育成熟,为第1代裂殖体,每个含10个左右的裂殖子;另一种在接种后102~240　h发育成熟,为第2代或第3代裂殖体,每个含25个左右的裂殖子。接种后198　h左右虫体开始进入配子生殖阶段。从接种后第10天开始有卵囊排出,显露期为4　d。25℃下卵囊孢子化时间为60~72　h。E.　nocens寄生于空肠后部、回肠、盲肠、直肠和泄殖腔的绒毛和肠腺上皮细胞及固有膜中。在裂殖生殖后期、配子生殖和卵囊排出期间组织病变比较明显,主要包括肠粘膜上皮坏死和脱落、肠壁水肿、出血和炎性细胞浸润以及肠绒毛萎缩等,尤以回肠及其邻近部位最为严重。感染鹅腹泻、食欲下降、消瘦乃至死亡。　　Sixteen 10-day-old artificially-reared coccidia-free goslings were inoculated orally with 1.0×105-1.0×106 sporulated oocysts of Eimeria nocens,respectively, and killed at intervals from 30 h to 336 h after inoculations. The life cycle and pathogenicity of E. nocens were observed chronologically. The results showed that at least 3 generations of meronts developed in the endogenous stage of the life cycle of E. nocens. Two types of meronts were found. The first completed maturation at 54 to 78 h after inoculation. These meronts were the first generation meronts, each forming about 10 merozoites. The second completed maturation at 102 to 240 h after inoculation. These meronts were the second or third generation meronts, each forming about 25 merozoites. Development of gametes began at about 198 h after infection. The prepatent period was 9 d and discharge of oocysts continued for 4 d. Sporulation of oocysts occurred in 60-72 h at 25℃. E. nocens invaded posterior jejunum, ileum, ceca, rectum and cloaca. Developmental stages were localized within the epithelial cells of villi and crypts and in lamina propria. Marked histopathological changes including desquamation and necrosis of intestinal epithelium, submucosal edema, hemorrhages, infiltration of inflammatory cells and villous atrophy presented during the periods of late merogony, gamogony and oocyst shedding, but most pronounced in the ileum and the regions adjacent to it. The infected goslings showed severe diarrhoea with necrotic epithelium and blood in the feces, anorexia, emaciation and even deaths, suggesting that E. nocens is highly pathogenic for goslings.江苏省科研院所社会公益研究与服务专项基金项目(BM 2003701

以CO_2与SOx的零排放为目标的煤气化反应器的数值模拟

<正> 21世纪石油与天然气日趋匮乏,以煤为原料合成液体燃料具有战略意义,而煤气化技术正是实现煤的高效清洁利用,解决能源危机的关键技术之一。目前大部分煤气化技术的研究是在实验方面,有关煤气化过程的机理不甚清楚。数值模拟煤气化反应器可以得到煤气化反应器内流场及相关反应的数据,有助于了解煤气化过程机理,为工业生产中提高煤气化转化率,减少污染物的排放提供理论指导