Effects of Copper and Zinc Ions on Activities of Enzymes inTissues of Red Sea Bream Pagrosomus major Juvenile

研究水中Cu2＋、zn2＋对真鲷幼鱼组织CAT、gPT、胃蛋白酶活性的影响.结果表明：真鲷幼鱼暴露于不同浓度Cu2＋（0.5、0.75、1.5Mg/l）、zn2＋（1、2、4Mg/l）海水中4d后，Cu2＋、zn2＋对鳃、肝脏CAT，胃蛋白酶都有抑制作用.当Cu2＋浓度最大时，对鳃、肝脏CAT，胃蛋白酶抑制率分别为73%、34%和42.8%；当zn2＋浓度最大时，对3种酶活性的抑制率分别为30%、68.5%和32.8%.Cu2＋、zn2＋尤其可使真鲷肝脏gPT活性显著降低，当Cu2＋、zn2＋浓度最大时，肝脏gPT活性分别是对照组的24%和33%.Cu2＋、zn2＋对真鲷幼鱼组织中3种酶活性的抑制作用均有剂量-效应关系This paper reported the effects of Cu2+ and Zn2+ on activities of catalase (CAT),glutamicpyruvic transaminase (GPT) and pepsin in the tissues of red sea bream P.major.Red sea breams were exposed to different concentrations of cupric sulfate solution (0.5,0.75,1.5mg/L)and zinc sulfate solution (1,2,4mg/L)for 4 days.The results showed that the CAT activities in gill and liver and pepsin activities were inhibited by Cu2+ and Zn2+.At the highest Cu2+ concentration groups,the CAT activities in gill and in liver and pepsin activities decreased 73%,33% and 428% in relation to control,respectively,while at the highest Zn2+ concentration groups,the CAT,GPT and pepsin activities decreased 30%,685% and 328% in relation to control,respectively.The GPT activities of liver in P.major decreased at all exposure groups.The GPT activities of liver decreased 76% and 67% in relation to control at highest Cu2+ and Zn2+ concentration groups,respectively.The effects of Cu2+ and Zn2+ on the CAT,GPT and pepsin had concentrationresponse relationship.福建省自然科学基

铜、铅、镉在真鲷幼鱼组织的积累与分布

福建省自然科学基金项目!C95003

厦门西海域沉积物中碱性磷酸酶活力的分布、动态及其与各形态磷的关系

本文首次对厦门西海域表层沉积物中碱性磷酸酶活力的分布、动态进行了检测和分析，并在同步检测该沉积物各种形态磷含量的基础上对该酶与各形态磷的关系进行了探讨.结果表明，厦门西海域表层沉积物中碱性磷酸酶的活力分布与陆源排污对水体的污染有明显的相关性；酶活力与总磷、总无机磷含量相关性较大，与弱吸附可交换磷相关性不大，与总有机磷含量则呈显著不相关性.并认为，就厦门西海域而言，碱性磷酸酶活力的水平可作为小区域水体富营养化程度的重要参考指标之一.国家自然科学基金;福建省自然科学基

Joints Toxicities of Heavy Metals and Pesticides to Pagrosomus major and Rhabdosargus sarba Larvae.

以真鲷和平鲷幼体为实验材料，采用联合指数相加法，研究了重金属和农药对真鲷和平鲷幼体的急性毒性和联合毒性效应.实验结果表明：铜、锰、甲胺磷和甲基异柳磷对真鲷和平鲷幼体的毒性顺序是：甲基异柳磷＞锰＞铜＞甲胺磷.甲胺磷和Mn对真鲷和平鲷幼体毒性相同；Cu对2种鱼的毒性几乎相同；而甲基异柳磷对真鲷的96HlC50为0.02Mg/l，对平鲷幼体的96HlC50为0.0014Mg/l，前者是后者的14倍.对真鲷，甲基异柳磷的毒性比甲胺磷毒性大175倍，而对平鲷幼体，甲基异柳磷的毒性比甲胺磷毒性竟大2500倍.联合毒性实验结果表明：铜-锰、铜-甲基异柳磷对真鲷和平鲷幼体的联合毒性为拮抗作用，甲基异柳磷-甲胺磷的联合毒性为协同作用The additive index of coeFFects was used to study the toxicities of Cu Mn,Cu isofenphos methyl and methamidphos isofenphos methyl on Pagrosomus major and Rhabdosargus sarba. The acute toxicities of the Four pollutants were in the sequence of isofenphos methyl>Mn>Cu>methamidphos.Mn and methamidphos were equivalently toxic to P.major and R.sarba, Cu was almost equivalently toxic to them,while the 96h median lethal concentrations of isofenphos methyl were 0 02mg/L For P.major, and 0.0014mg/L For R.sarba, respectively.The toxicity of isofenphos methyl For P.major was 13 times higher than that For R.sarba. The toxicity of isofenphos methyl were 174 times higher than that of methamidphos For P.major. The toxicity of isofenphos methyl was 2500 times that of methamidphos For R.sarba. The additive toxicity of Cu Mn and Cu isofenphos methyl For two species Fishes was shown to be antagonistic, while that of methamidphos isofenphos methyl was synergism.福建省自然科学基

ACCUMULATION AND TOXICITY of MIXTURE of LEAD AND ZINC IN CLAM RUDITAPES PHILIPPINARUM A.

研究了铅、锌对菲律宾蛤仔的急性毒性，以及铅、锌混合液在菲律宾蛤仔体内的积累和对过氧化氢酶酶活性的影响.结果表明：铅的毒性略大于锌的毒性（96HlC50值分别为14.28，16.40Mg/l）：铅、锌混合液对蛤仔体内的重金属吸收存在交互作用，高浓度的锌（6Mg/l）明显地抑制蛤仔对高浓度铅的吸收；铅和锌的浓度为（3Mg/l）时对蛤仔的重金属吸收均有促进作用；高浓度的铅和锌混合液对蛤仔过氧化酶活性亦有显著的交互作用.呈拮抗效应.Accumulation of mixture of lead and zinc and their toxic effect on the activities of Catalase (CAT)in clam following various exposure concentration were studied in laboratory.The 96h LC50 values of lead andzinc for clam were 14.28 mg/L.16.40mg/L, respectively.the toxicities of two kinds of metals were in sequence of Ph＞Zn.Lead and zinc bioaccumulated in the study showed that different organ has different capacities for accumulating metal.with high levels in the gill.followed by soft body.and comparative lesseramounts in the fluid of cavity.The ratio of accumulation of lead in gill and soft body was far larger than thatof zinc.The clam was strong accumulator of lead.while was weak accumulator of zinc.The L9 (34)factortests showed a significant interaction between Zn and Ph on the activities of CAT in clam.indicated the antagonistic effect of Ph and Zn of CAT activities