Studies on Sedimentary Pigments in the Typical Areas of East China Sea and Northern South China Sea

分别于2009年7～9月、2009年12月～2010年1月在东海和南海北部以及2009年6月15～18日在珠江口伶仃洋、2010年4月2～10日在长江口开展了表层沉积物中光合色素组成、含量以及分布特征的研究，同时讨论了环境因子、水柱中浮游植物群落组成对其含量及分布的影响，取得如下主要结果： 1、FUCO、ZEA、CHLA和BCAR是东海和南海北部表层沉积物的主要光合色素，其它光合色素如CHLC1/C2、PERI、19BUT、NEO、PRAS、DIAT、DIAD、19HEX、ALLO、LUT和ACAR仅存在于少数测站，东海沿岸流泥质沉积区光合色素含量较高，而南海北部准残留沉积区较低。19BUT...Four cruises, two in the East China Sea and the northern South China Sea during July-September 2009 and December 2009-January 2010, respectively, another two in Lingdinyang of Pearl River Estuary and Changjiang River Estuary during June 2009 and April, 2010, respectively, were carried out to study composition, concentration and distribution patterns of sedimentary pigments. In the meantime, enviro...学位：理学硕士院系专业：海洋与环境学院环境科学与工程系_环境科学学号：2262007115237

类泛素蛋白及其中文命名

泛素家族包括泛素及类泛素蛋白,约20种成员蛋白.近年来,泛素家族领域取得了迅猛发展,并已与生物学及医学研究的各个领域相互交叉.泛素家族介导的蛋白质降解和细胞自噬机制的发现分别于2004和2016年获得诺贝尔奖.但是,类泛素蛋白并没有统一规范的中文译名. 2018年4月9日在苏州召开的《泛素家族介导的蛋白质降解和细胞自噬》专著的编委会上,部分作者讨论了类泛素蛋白的中文命名问题,并在随后的\"泛素家族、自噬与疾病\"(Ubiquitinfamily,autophagy anddiseases)苏州会议上提出了类泛素蛋白中文翻译草案,此草案在参加该会议的国内学者及海外华人学者间取得了高度共识.冷泉港亚洲\"泛素家族、自噬与疾病\"苏州会议是由美国冷泉港实验室主办、两年一度、面向全球的英文会议.该会议在海内外华人学者中具有广泛影响,因此,参会华人学者的意见具有一定的代表性.本文介绍了10个类别的类泛素蛋白的中文命名,系统总结了它们的结构特点,并比较了参与各种类泛素化修饰的酶和它们的生物学功能.文章由45名从事该领域研究的专家合作撰写,其中包括中国工程院院士1名,相关学者4名,长江学者3名,国家杰出青年科学基金获得者18名和美国知名高校华人教授4名.他们绝大多数是参加编写即将由科学出版社出版的专著《泛素家族介导的蛋白质降解和细胞自噬》的专家

古尔班通古特沙漠白梭梭群落林下层物种多样性的空间分异

以野外样方调查数据为基础,采用重要值计算了多样性指数、均匀度指数、丰富度指数、优势度指数,对古尔班通古特沙漠南缘至腹地白梭梭群落林下植被的物种多样性进行了研究。结果表明:受降水梯度的影响,从南缘至腹地植被盖度变化范围在14%～36%,除南缘取样点(S1)受人类扰动较大,盖度有些波动外,总体呈现明显的下降趋势。但植株种群密度差异较小,初步推断,植被盖度的差异主要是由植株个体大小造成的,而不是植株种群密度。南缘至腹地,各样地的多样性指数、均匀度指数、丰富度指数均表现为先减后增的变化趋势,优势度指数变化趋势则与之相反。各指数的变化范围:物种数在5.9～11.4种/m2,多样性指数变化范围在1.0340～2.0971,各样地均匀度指数在0.6068～0.8760,优势度指数为0.2767～0.6643。距沙漠南缘6.57km处是物种多样性的一个重要转折点,是物种多样性较不丰富的地带。同时,对白梭梭群落林下植被在1m×1m,20m×20m,100m×100m三种尺度下,南缘到腹地植物物种数的变化分析得出,在100m2尺度以下,白梭梭群落林下植被的物种多样性随空间尺度的增大而增大

Temporal and spatial variation of microphytobenthic photosynthetic pigments and its relationship with environmental factors in Yundanghu Lagoon,Xiamen

2010年7月至2011年7月,利用高效液相色谱分离分析技术研究了厦门筼筜湖潟湖表层沉积物的底栖微藻生物量(以叶绿素A计)和光合色素组成,探讨了其与环境因子的关系.结果表明,表层沉积物中检出岩藻黄素、别藻黄素、玉米黄素、叶绿素b四种光合色素,对应的微藻类群包括硅藻、隐藻、蓝藻和绿藻.底层(表层沉积物)与水层(水体)微藻叶绿素A生物量呈显著负相关关系(P<0.05),但底层-水层对应的光合色素不存在显著相关关系,此暗示底层光合色素主要是底栖微藻的贡献,而非来自水层浮游微藻的沉降.底栖微藻生物量随时间变化明显,夏季(6~8月)较低(1.30 Mg/M2),冬季(12月至翌年2月)较高(86.16 Mg/M2).各测站底栖微藻生物量存在空间差异,随湖区的水深增加而降低,与沉积物表层光辐照度呈显著的正相关关系(P<0.05).岩藻黄素与降雨量呈显著负相关,别藻黄素与水体无机氮含量呈显著正相关,玉米黄素分布主要受温度影响,除玉米黄素外,其他光合色素含量与光辐照度呈正相关.初步估算表明,底栖微藻占该浅水潟湖生态系统水层-底层微藻叶绿素A生物量和固碳量的27.64%和12.56%.From July 2010 to July 2011,high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) was used to study surface microphytobenthic Chl-a biomass and photosynthetic pigments at 3 stations in Yundanghu Lagoon,Xiamen.The correlation between environmental factors and microphytobenthic pigments was analyzed.The results showed that fucoxanthin;alloxanthin;zeaxanthin and Chl b were detected in surface sediments,which represented the benthic algal community of including diatoms,cryptophyta,cyanophyta and chlorophyta.There was significantly negative correlation of microalgal biomass between benthic layer(surface sediment) and pelagic layer(water column)(p<0.05),However,it was not significant for correlation of the corresponding photopigments between the benthic-pelagic layer.This implied the sediment photosynthetic pigments were mainly from the contribution of benthic microalgae,rather than the sinking pelagic phytoplankton.Temporally,microphytobethic biomass was lower in summer(June to August,1.30 mg/m2,) and higher in winter(December to February,86.16 mg/m2).For the spatial scale,microphytobethic biomass was higher in shallow water than that in deep water in Yundanghu Lagoon,and had a well positive correlation with light intensity(Iz) at the sediment surface(p<0.05).Fucoxanthin had a significant positive correlation with local rainfall,while alloxanthin was significant positive correlation with dissolved inorganic nitrogen(DIN),zeaxanthin was well influenced by temperature.Most of the photopigments had a well positive correlation with light internsity(Iz) except for zeaxanthin.Model-based data showed that benthic microalgae contributed 27.64% and 12.56% of Chl-a and carbon fixation,respectively,in the pelagic-benthic system in Yuandanghu Lagoon,Xiamen.国家973计划资助项目(2011CB403603); 国家海洋局公益性行业科研专项经费资助项目(201005015-3

K↑2O和MnO助剂对Fe/Silicalite-2催化剂CO加氢制低碳烯烃性能的影响

在Ｓｉｌｉｃａｌｉｔｅ－２分子筛担载的铁催化剂中添加ＭｎＯ和Ｋ２Ｏ助剂，可显著提高其ＣＯ加氢制碳烯烃的选择性及催化活性，ＭｎＯ助剂主要抑制乙烯和丙烯的加氢反应而提高烯／烷比值，Ｋ２Ｏ助剂则增加催化剂对ＣＯ的吸附能力，同时抑制乙烯在催化剂表二次反应（主要是乙烯的歧化反应），从而有利于提高低碳烯烃的选择性及催化剂活性

合成气制低碳烯烃含铁锰催化剂及合成反应

由合成气（ＣＯ＋Ｈ２）高选择性制取乙、丙烯等低碳烯烃的催化剂是用ＭｇＯ等ⅡＡ族碱土金属氧化物或高硅沸石分子筛（或磷铝沸石）担载的铁-锰催化剂体系，在强碱（ⅠＡ族金属）Ｋ＋或Ｃｓ离子助剂作用下，具有良好的合成低碳烯烃性能，利用这种催化剂在压力为１．０～５．０ＭＰａ，温度为３００～４００℃的反应条件下，可高活性（ＣＯ转化率达９０％以上），高选择性（烯烃选择性达６６％以上）地由合成气制取低碳烯烃。本发明的工艺流程，可直接由反应尾气经水吸收分离ＣＯ２以及经中压油吸收分离Ｃ３、Ｃ４组分，然后，用苯与尾气中的烯浓度乙烯反应生产乙苯。其操作工序简单，适于推广应用。带填

Improving the Charge Injection in Organic Transistors by Covalently Linked Graphene Oxide/Metal Electrodes

Electrodes, one of the key components of organic field-effect transistors (OFETs), exert great influence on the device performance as well as circuit fabrication. Conventional metal electrodes generally show poor contact quality with organic semiconductors, especially in bottom-contact geometry. Development of appropriate modification materials and methods for metal electrodes is an efficient way to improve OFET performance, which is, however, quite a challenging task. In this work, a facile strategy is developed to modify the metal surface with graphene oxide (GO) via covalent bonds for application in OFETs, which has not been reported before. This selective covalent modification strategy is compatible with diverse patterning techniques, and the covalently linked GO-Au electrode exhibits strong robustness against solvent treatment. Remarkably, the GO-Au electrode shows very good generality with both p-type and n-type organic semiconductors, which contributes to the realization of p-/n-type OFETs with significantly improved performance compared with the pristine Au electrode. The facile and low temperature modification method, compatibility with diverse patterning techniques, robustness against solvent treatment, good generality with organic semiconductors, and high OFET performance enable the strategy to be very promising for application in the field of organic electronics

典型温带荒漠区原生植被对环境变化的响应与适应研究

典型温带荒漠区－准噶尔盆地的原生植被具有类型、结构、功能上的独特性。是干旱区物种最丰富的地区之一,具有从小乔木、短命、类短命植物和一年生植物到生物结皮的多层片结构,起着保护天山北坡经济带的重要生态功能。过去几十年来,剧烈的人类活动和全球气候变化已经使该地区的自然环境发生了重大变化,并且这种变化还在继续。从本质上认识该区原生荒漠植被如何应对这种自然环境改变,对预测该区荒漠植被的未来至关重要,对人类如何保护和修复受损荒漠植被、维护绿洲生态系统的功能具有重要的理论与实践意义。 2002年～2007年,本项研究在中国科学院“百人计划”项目“干旱区植物对水、盐胁迫的响应：从叶片到生态系统(20..