The Research on the Design of Group Activities in the Chinese Oral Class

近年来，随着国内外合作学习理论的兴起，小组活动，这一源自于合作学习理论的课堂教学模式也在第二语言教学中得到了广泛和普遍的应用。实验研究证明，在第二语言教学领域，小组合作学习可以取得良好的教学效果，并发挥学生的积极性和主动性。目前的汉语口语课堂上虽然也有教师采用小组活动这一方式，但是由于缺少相关理论及研究成果的支撑，很多教师在组织小组活动时随意性较大，未考虑到影响小组活动的诸多因素。因此，虽然采用了小组活动的形式，却难以发挥小组活动的优势，收到预期的教学效果，这势必会影响对外汉语口语课堂的教学效果。 本文旨在梳理国外理论的基础上，总结小组活动在国内外第二语言教学及对外汉语教学界的相关研究成果，...In recent years, with the rise of domestic of cooperative learning theory, group activities, has been extensive and widespread application in second language teaching classroom. Experimental studies have shown that in the field of second language teaching, group cooperative learning not only achieve good teaching results, but also play the students' enthusiasm and initiative. Although teachers' u...学位：文学硕士院系专业：海外教育学院_语言学及应用语言学学号：2652009115109

On the Design Principle of Chinese Online Teaching Games under the Guidance of Task-Driven Teaching Approach

随着网络游戏在全球化范围内的发展,怎样将汉语教学融入于网游之中,使学习者在游戏的过程中不知不觉地习得汉语交际的基本语法和词汇,已引起业界人士不同程度的关注。本文旨在探讨现存的汉语网络教学游戏存在的一些问题,并针对如何设计汉语网络教学游戏提出笔者的看法,以期抛砖引玉,引起界内学者的关注与研究。With the development of online game in the world,how to make Chinese integrate into online game,so as to make learners imperceptibly get the basic grammar and words through playing games,and it has been paid attention to by the scholars.This paper focuses on the problems in online game of Chinese teaching,and also how to design the online game of Chinese teaching

Chinese Audio-visual Teaching Material Design Based on Internet Platform

近二十多年来,我国对外汉语教学事业蓬勃发展,“汉语国际推广“已成为21世纪国家和平发展的重要战略之一。对外汉语教学理论和实践的研究成果颇丰。但是,对“汉语视听教材“的对外汉语教育教学思想的研究状况却与之相形见绌,这不能不说是一个缺憾。因此,本文旨在探讨基于网络的汉语视听教材的设计原则,以期抛砖引玉,引起界内学者的关注与研究。In recent twenty years,teaching Chinese as a foreign language has got a rapid development.The international promotion of Chinese has been one of the most important strategies of peaceful development of the country.Although the theory and practice of teaching Chinese as a foreign language have acquired a great achievement,few scholars pay close attention to the study of the educational and teaching ideas of audio-visual teaching material,which is a pity.So the present paper focuses on the design principle of audio-visual teaching material

Kinetics of Vesicle Formation and Breakdown

利用停流装置研究了十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)和十二烷基三甲基溴化铵(DTAB)复配形成囊泡的过程和囊泡破坏过程的动力学性质,并结合动态光散射技术和电子透射显微镜探索囊泡形成和囊泡破坏过程的机理.动态光散射和电子透射显微镜的研究结果表明囊泡的形成过程主要包括四个阶段:混合胶团→柔性的长棒状聚集体→"非平衡囊泡"→平衡囊泡,而与其对应的粒度分散度则呈现"单分散性→多分散性"的周期性变化规律.此外,动力学结果表明囊泡形成过程很长,但其活化能不大,这意味着囊泡形成过程的控制步骤可能不是活化能控制.而相对于囊泡的形成,囊泡的破坏过程是十分迅速的.A combination of stopped-flow,transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light-scattering techniques has been used to study the kinetics of vesicle formation and breakdown as well as the mechanism of vesicle formation and breakdown in DTAB/SDS aqueous solutions.The results show that the process of vesicle formation can be modeled as a sequence of distinct processes:mixed micelles→flexible stick-shaped aggregates→non-equilibrium vesicles→equilibrium vesicle system,and the evolution of particle dispersion degree appears to be a periodical change of "monodispersity→polydispersity".In addition,the kinetic analysis shows that the process of vesicle formation lasts for a long time.However,the activation energy of vesicle formation is not too high,which implies that the control procedure of the process is independent of activation energy.In contrast to the process of vesicle formation,vesicle breakup to mixed micelles appears to be a rapid process.厦门大学科技创新重点项目(No.XMKJCX20052001)资助项目

重组人类T淋巴细胞白血病病毒抗原及双抗原夹心法ELISA抗体诊断试剂盒的研制

为研制灵敏、特异的抗人类T淋巴细胞白血病病毒(HTLV)抗体诊断试剂,将一段HTLV Ⅰ和HTLV Ⅱenv区嵌合基因在大肠杆菌中表达,获得的重组抗原具有良好活性。将该抗原作为酶标记抗原建立双抗原夹心法ELISA(dsELISA),对31份HTLV Ⅰ型血清和19份HTLV Ⅱ型血清均能100%检出,而在5065份各种阴性血清中特异度为99 94%。用dsELISA试剂与进口间接法试剂(GeneLabs试剂)平行检测18份HTLV Ⅰ参比血清、17份HTLV Ⅱ参比血清和1024份献血员血清,结果dsELISA试剂正确率为100%,对HTLV Ⅰ型血清和HTLV Ⅱ型血清的反应性基本相同,平均s/co值显著高于GeneLabs试剂。而GeneLabs试剂对HTLV Ⅱ型血清的反应性显著弱于Ⅰ型,并有2份BBI参比血清中的Ⅱ型血清漏检。另外,GeneLabs试剂在献血员血清中出现9例假阳性,特异性显著低于dsELISA试剂。这些结果表明:所研制的dsELISA试剂可用于HTLV Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型血清的检测,其灵敏度和特异度均优于进口间接法诊断试剂

Kinetics of vesicle formation and breakdown

A combination of stopped-flow, transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light-scattering techniques has been used to study the kinetics of vesicle formation and breakdown as well as the mechanism of vesicle formation and breakdown in DTAB/SDS aqueous solutions. The results show that the process of vesicle formation can be modeled as a sequence of distinct processes: mixed micelles --> flexible stick-shaped aggregates --> non-equilibrium vesicles --> equilibrium vesicle system, and the evolution of particle dispersion degree appears to be a periodical change of "monodispersity --> polydispersity". In addition, the kinetic analysis shows that the process of vesicle formation lasts for a long time. However, the activation energy of vesicle formation is not too high, which implies that the control procedure of the process is independent of activation energy. In contrast to the process of vesicle formation, vesicle breakup to mixed micelles appears to be a rapid process

H5N1禽流感病毒血凝素抗原快速检测试剂对不同现场标本的检测比较

利用H5亚型禽流感病毒血凝素抗原快速检测试剂“H5-HA(Ag)Dot-ELISA(H5-Dot)”对来自陆禽、水禽的484份气管拭子、泄殖腔拭子和粪便拭子标本进行检测,结果:①不同采集方式的H5N1阳性标本的检出率高低有别,气管拭子的检出率最高,泄殖腔拭子次之,粪便拭子最低(P<0·05),因此建议现场采样时应尽可能采集气管拭子标本;②陆禽标本检出率显著高于水禽标本(P<0·05),对病毒培养阳性的陆禽气管拭子检出率达80%(95%CI:70·6%~87·8%),对水禽气管拭子标本的检出率为38%(95%CI:26·9%~49·4%),可能与标本中病毒滴度高低有关;③有症状与无症状陆禽标本的检出率无显著差异。另外,H5-Dot试剂对333份非H5病毒气管拭子标本的特异性为99·4%(95%CI:97·9%~99·9%)。这些结果表明,H5-Dot是一种较为可靠的H5亚型禽流感病毒早期快速检测方法,在缺乏仪器设施和高素质专业技术人员的H5N1禽流感病毒防控第一线具有重要推广价值

一种新型H5N1禽流感病毒血凝素抗原快速检测试剂的建立

利用5株广谱特异性抗H5亚型血凝素单克隆抗体和酶联免疫渗滤技术成功地建立了一种适于现场检测H5亚型禽流感病毒血凝素蛋白的抗原快速检测试剂H5-HA(Ag)Dot-ELISA。该试剂对41株代表当前亚洲地区流行的各种遗传变异亚系H5N1禽流感病毒检测均为阳性,对多数毒株的分析灵敏度优于0.1个血凝滴度(HA titer),其中部分优于0.01个血凝滴度;比较该试剂与早期开发的同类ELISA试剂,发现前者对后者未能检出的H5N1新变异株检测均为阳性;利用该试剂和商品化Directigen Flu A(BD)试剂检测两株H5N1病毒株,提示前者灵敏度高于后者;该试剂对一株H5N1病毒的检测灵敏度与标准RT-PCR相当;该试剂对24株非H5亚型病毒检测均为阴性,显示出良好特异性。以上结果提示,此研究建立的H5N1病毒抗原快速检测试剂在H5禽流感现场检测上具有较好的应用前景