Studies on the zooplankton and feeding habit of Larimichthys crocea (Richardson, 1846) in Sansha Bay, Fujian

三沙湾地处福建省东北部，口小腹大，饵料丰富，是我国重要的大黄鱼(Larimichthyscrocea)产卵场之一。本文根据2010年6月、8月、10月和2011年4月、5月在三沙湾海域采集到的浮游动物样品，对三沙湾浮游动物种类组成、丰度变化、优势种和生物多样性开展研究。结合海域水质、水文条件，对浮游动物的生态类群组成及其对温度和盐度的生态适应性进行了分析。探讨了浮游动物生态类群结构的时空变化及其与水团和营养盐等的相关关系。并根据2010年6月大黄鱼胃含物样品，对夏季大黄鱼幼鱼饵料食物组成及其食性进行研究，初步探讨了大黄鱼的摄食选择性机制。力求进一步了解三沙湾海域浮游动物群落结构，浮游动物生态类...The semi-enclosed coastal waters of northeastern Fujian, Sansha Bay, are an important natural spawning ground for the large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) in China. The large yellow croaker is an important species for Chinese fisheries, and depends on a healthy zooplankton population. In this study, the spatial and temporal variations in speices number and abundance of zooplankton in Sansha ...学位：理学硕士院系专业：海洋与环境学院海洋学系_海洋生物学学号：2242010115135

Seasonal succession of zooplankton in Sansha Bay,Fujian

根据2010年6月—2011年5月三沙湾海域5个航次海洋综合调查资料,对三沙湾浮游动物种群特征进行分析,并与我国不同纬度海湾生态类群结构进行比较。探讨三沙湾海域浮游动物生态类群季节变化特征及其受水团季节变化的影响。研究结果表明:4月和5月三沙湾海域主要受到浙闽沿岸流影响,生物多样性H'指数分别为2.03和2.02;种类数分别仅为17种和19种,明显低于6月、8月和10月;浮游动物生态类群以暖温带近海种为主;优势种种类数少,单一优势种优势性明显,4月中华哲水蚤丰度占浮游动物总丰度的65.03%;群落结构特征与同期我国长江口浮游动物区系特征相似。6月三沙湾海域受到浙闽沿岸流和台湾暖流共同影响,同时因闽北雨季导致大量大陆径流汇入,使得该月浮游动物种群结构复杂,生物多样性指数和种类数全年最高,为3.12和45种,与5月相比,种类更替明显,物种更替率为69.39%;亚热带近海种丰度百分比最高(73.03%),亚热带外海种种类数百分比次之(48.89%),是海域浮游动物生态类群由以暖温带近海种为主向以亚热带外海种为主的过渡时期。8月和10月浙闽沿岸流消失,三沙湾海域受台湾暖流控制,海水温度和盐度升高,生物多样性指数和种类数均略低于6月;生态类群结构以亚热带外海种为主;优势种特征表现为种类数多而各个优势种丰度较低;浮游动物群落结构特征与南海北部海域浮游动物组成极为相似。The semi-enclosed coastal waters of northeastern Fujian(Sansha Bay) are an important natural spawning ground for the large yellow croaker(Larimichthys crocea) in China.The yellow croaker is an important species for Chinese fisheries,and depends on a healthy zooplankton population.In this study,the seasonal succession of zooplankton in Sansha Bay was described and its relationship to the currents from the open sea was analyzed.Sampling was carried out in June,August and October 2010,and in April and May 2011.Seasonal changes in the zooplankton community structure were strongly influenced by the coastal current and the Taiwan Warm Current as well as an influx of freshwater from the mainland.A total number of 71 species of zooplankton were identified,which consisted of 19.72% warm temperate nearshore species,30.99% subtropical nearshore species and 47.89% subtropical offshore species.In April and May,influenced by the coastal current,the water temperature and salinity were both low,which induced a bottoming-out in the diversity index(H′)(2.03 and 2.02,respectively) as well as the number of species(17 and 19,respectively).The zooplankton fauna was exclusively of the warm temperate nearshore type,especially in April.Both the species number and abundance of warm temperate nearshore species were high(76.47% and 96.28%,respectively).Calanus sinicus,one of only a few dominant species in April,comprised 65.03% of the total abundance of all zooplankton.The simple structure of the zooplankton fauna comprised only a few species and with a high contribution made by each of the dominant species in this period was similar to characteristics noted in the warm-temperate water area north of the Yangtze River.During the June rainy season,a high diversity index(3.12) and species number(45) were recorded owing to the impact of the coastal current,the Taiwan Warm Current and a high volume of fresh water input.These were the most influential factors on the complex taxonomic structure and eco-group composition of the zooplankton fauna.June also displayed the highest species turnover rate,reaching up to 69.39%,compared with other months.The dominate eco-group type changed rapidly from warm temperate and subtropical nearshore species to subtropical offshore species in this month.Subtropical nearshore species comprised the highest proportion of species(73.03%).Subtropical offshore species contributed 48.89% of the overall abundance.After the rainy season,in August and October,there was a slight decrease in diversity index and species number,and the water temperature and salinity increased sharply owing to the strong affect of the Taiwan Warm Current.The zooplankton community was dominated(in terms of species numbers and density) by highly diversified subtropical offshore species.Its proportion of species number and abundance in August were 57.14% and 59.94%,respectively,and species number proportion was 57.58% in October.The community structure had many more dominant species than in April and May,of which the vast majority were subtropical offshore species.The characteristics of the zooplankton community in Sansha Bay were similar to those in the subtropical water areas of the South China Sea.国家自然科学基金项目(40776077); 国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2010CB428705

Comparison of zooplankton communities inside and outside the Hangzhou Bay in autumn

本文比较了杭州湾湾外海域(122.10°–122.58°E,30.54°–30.93°N)和湾内不同海域(北岸东侧:121.67°–121.87°E,30.68°–30.83°N;南岸东侧:121.60°–121.85°E,29.95°–30.24°N;北岸西侧:121.31°–121.56°E,30.58°–30.77°N)秋季浮游动物的群落组成、累积优势度曲线以及多样性指数(H')等群落结构特征,并进行了差异性分析。结果表明:湾外海域的群落组成与湾内海域的3个群落之间均有较大的差异。湾外海域的群落I是以中华假磷虾(Pseudeuphausia sinica)等近海种、背针胸刺水蚤(Centropages dorsispinatus)等沿岸低盐种为主,其次是外海种。湾内南岸东侧海域的群落II主要以左突唇角水蚤(Labidocera sinilobata)等沿岸低盐种为主,近海种次之。湾内北岸东侧海域的群落III是以真刺唇角水蚤(Labidocera euchaeta)等沿岸低盐种、虫肢歪水蚤(Tortanus vermiculus)等河口半咸水种组成的混合群落。湾内北岸西侧海域群落IV是以虫肢歪水蚤为代表的河口半咸水种为主的群落。总的说来,这一水域向西和向北方向出现更低盐度适应性的群落。从累积优势度曲线来看,湾外海域群落I与湾内北岸东侧群落III的累积优势度上升趋势均相对平缓,但群落III的初始累积优势度略高于群落I;而与群落I相比,湾内南岸东侧的群落II与北岸西侧的群落IV的初始累积优势度均很高。湾外海域群落I的初始累积优势度较低,显示出群落I的优势种较多,而单一优势种优势度低于湾内3个群落。方差分析结果表明:湾外海域的浮游动物多样性指数与湾内3个海域均有极显著差异(P0.05)。说明湾外浮游动物群落的多样性高于湾内海域。湾内外海域浮游动物群落特征之间有较大差异,其主要原因是影响各自群落的主导水团明显不同。We analyzed and compared the differences in community composition,K-dominance curves and diversity index(H') of zooplankton community structure characteristics inside and outside the Hangzhou Bay in autumn(outside the bay: 122.10°–122.58° E,30.54°–30.93° N; inside the bay: the east area of north: 121.67°–121.87° E,30.68°–30.83° N; the east area of south:121.60°–121.85° E,29.95°–30.24° N; the west area of north: 121.31°–121.56° E,30.58°–30.77° N).Results indicated that there were large differences between the community composition of zooplankton outside the bay and those in the three areas inside the bay.The area outside the bay(community I) was composed of nearshore species such as Pseudeuphausia sinica and nearshore low-salinity species such as Centropages dorsispinatus,followed by offshore species.Community II(the eastern area of south Hangzhou Bay) was composed of nearshore low-salinity species such as Labidocera sinilobata,followed by nearshore species.Community III(the eastern area of north Hangzhou Bay) was mixed with nearshore low-salinity species such as Labidocera euchaeta and estuarine brackish-water species such as Tortanus vermiculus.Community IV(the western area of north Hangzhou Bay) was characterized by the dominant species,Tortanus vermiculus of estuarine brackish-water species that had the highest proportion,which was different from the community I.Generally,the community with lower salinity adaptability appeared in the western and northern areas.According to K-dominance curves,the dominance curves of community I and community III were quite gentle.In addition,the initial cumulative dominance of community III was higher than that of community I.Compared with community I,the initial cumulative dominance of community II and community IV were far higher than that of community I.The initial cumulative dominance of community I(outside the bay) was particularly low,which indicated that there were many types of dominant species in community I,and the dominance of single dominant species was lower than those communities inside the bay.Results of variance analysis indicated that there were highly significant differences between the diversity index of zooplankton outside the bay and those in the other three waters inside the bay(P 0.05).This showed that the diversity index of zooplankton outside the bay was higher than those of the communities inside the bay.The influence of different water masses resulted in zooplankton community differences in the inner and outer waters of the bay.国家自然科学基金(41176131);; 海洋公益性行业科研专项经费项目(201305027

考虑产品切换的客车混流装配线排序问题

针对主客观因素交互影响下混合装配线的排序问题,建立以最小化工作站堵塞时间与最小化产品切换次数为目标的交互排序模型,并依据客车在实际加工过程中的传统排序方案与模型所得排序方案的结果进行对比分析。模型构建从客观因素出发,优化堵塞时间即“重构”作业框架,以达到对负荷高峰时期进行削峰处理的目的,并进一步在主观因素层面上,考虑线上操作者的作业惯性,降低线上操作者对频繁切换产品的出错率以及保持较高熟练度时操作的方便与流畅性。引入主客观优化评价算法对模型进行计算,决策出最优任务调度方案。对比分析结果表明,模型获得的最优排序改善了装配线的生产堵塞时间,同时兼顾在主观因素主导下的产品切换频率问题,对于节省装配过程中有限的时间资源以及释放有限的空间资源起到很大作用。福建省高校产学合作项目(2017H6020);;福建省科技重大专项(2016HZ0001-9

Uranium Series Disequilibrium in Naked Rocks from Huoshaoyu Island, Xiamen

用HPGeγ谱方法测定了厦门火烧屿裸露岩石天然放射性核素40 K、2 2 8Ra、2 2 8Th、2 3 8U、2 2 6Ra和2 10 Pb含量 ,对其铀系不平衡关系进行了讨论 ,发现钍系核素2 2 8Ra和2 2 8Th基本上是平衡的 ,而大部分样品2 2 6Ra相对于2 3 8U、2 10 Pb相对于2 2 6Ra亏损。由此推论 ,水体作用下岸边岩石中2 2 6Ra直接进入水体 ,可以是海水中2 2 6Ra的一个来源 ;岸边岩石中2 2 2 Rn逸出后 ,衰变为2 10 Pb再进入水体 ,可以是海水中2 10 Pb的一个来源 【英文摘要】 The natural radionuclides in naked rocks from Huoshaoyu island of Xiamen were measured by means of HPGe (spectroscopy,and the 40K, 228Ra, 228Th, 238U, 226Ra and 210Pb were detected. Based on a discussion on the disequilibrium of uranium series, it is found that in most samples 226Ra relative to 238U and 210Pb relative to 226Ra are deficient. It can thus be concluded that the migration of 226Ra from the coastal rocks into seawater by water leaching is a ...国家自然科学基金项目 ( 4 0 0 760 2 4)资

Reusable glucose fiber sensor for measuring glucose concentration in serum

[[abstract]]We demonstrate a glucose fiber sensor for measuring glucose concentration in serum. High resolution and rapid measurement are achieved through the integration of highly selective enzymes and heterodyne interferometry. The best resolution and response time obtained are 0.14 mg/dL and 1.3 s, respectively. The stability of the sensor is also verified by investigating the initial phase variation. Experimental results show that the fiber sensor can be reused more than 10 times.[[incitationindex]]SCI[[booktype]]紙

海洋苯酚降解菌Candida sp.P5的分离鉴定及其降解特性

从海洋沉积物中分离、筛选到一株能以苯酚作为唯一碳源和能源的酵母菌P5.根据菌落特征、菌体形态、生理生化特性和18S rDNA序列分析,确定菌株P5为假丝酵母菌属(Candida sp.).该菌株最适宜生长和降解苯酚的条件为:温度25℃,pH6.0～7.0,摇床转速100r/min,需氧;菌株P5能在较高浓度的苯酚条件下生长,在72h内可以降解95%以上的苯酚.对苯酚代谢途径和相关酶的研究发现,菌株P5主要在邻苯二酚1,2-双加氧酶作用下通过邻位途径进行苯酚代谢.图7表2参2

考虑产品切换的客车混流装配线排序问题

针对主客观因素交互影响下混合装配线的排序问题,建立以最小化工作站堵塞时间与最小化产品切换次数为目标的交互排序模型,并依据客车在实际加工过程中的传统排序方案与模型所得排序方案的结果进行对比分析。模型构建从客观因素出发,优化堵塞时间即\"重构\"作业框架,以达到对负荷高峰时期进行削峰处理的目的,并进一步在主观因素层面上,考虑线上操作者的作业惯性,降低线上操作者对频繁切换产品的出错率,保持较高熟练度时操作的方便与流畅性。引入主客观优化评价算法对模型进行计算,决策出最优任务调度方案。对比分析结果表明,模型获得的最优排序改善了装配线的生产堵塞时间,同时兼顾主观因素主导下的产品切换频率问题,对于节省装配过程中有限的时间资源和释放有限的空间资源具有很大的作用。福建省高校产学合作资助项目(2017H6020);;\n福建省科技重大专项资助项目(2016 HZ0001-9)~