21 research outputs found
铜死亡与动脉粥样硬化的关系及其靶向治疗的研究进展
动脉粥样硬化(AS)是一种缓慢而复杂的疾病,涉及多种因素,包括脂质代谢紊乱、氧自由基产生、炎性细胞浸润以及局部血栓形成等。近年来铜死亡作为一种新发现的、依赖于铜离子的程序性细胞死亡方式而备受关注,其主要因过多的铜离子与硫辛酰化蛋白结合导致三羧酸循环(TCA)紊乱,破坏铁硫簇蛋白,影响相关酶和蛋白的正常功能,多途径引发细胞死亡。以往研究发现,铜死亡与AS的发生发展密切相关,铜死亡可以促进氧自由基产生、通过芬顿反应引发脂质过氧化、诱导炎症反应、干扰线粒体TCA循环等,影响巨噬细胞、内皮细胞和平滑肌细胞等血管细胞功能,干扰斑块稳定性,进而加重AS病变的发生发展,因此靶向铜死亡有望成为治疗AS及预防并发症的新方向。其中靶向检测铜死亡相关基因或许可以作为诊断AS的潜在生物标志物,且部分铜死亡抑制剂可以通过靶向抑制铜死亡的发生,显著影响AS的病程进展,提示铜死亡在AS治疗中的潜在应用价值。本文系统综述了铜代谢与铜死亡的分子机制及其在AS病理过程中的作用,并归纳总结了靶向铜死亡在AS临床诊治中的相关研究进展,以期为AS的临床治疗和预防提供新思路
基于肠肝轴研究栀子苷对非酒精性脂肪性肝炎大鼠的影响
目的 观察栀子苷对非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(non-alcoholic steatohepatitis,NASH)大鼠的影响,并基于肠肝轴探讨栀子苷防治NASH的作用机制。方法 将35只大鼠按随机数字表法分为5组,每组7只。即正常组、模型组、栀子苷组、盐酸吡格列酮组及培菲康组。除正常组外,其余28只大鼠采用高脂饮食16周建立大鼠NASH模型,在造模第9周开始给药,共治疗8周。第16周末经腹主动脉取血,生化法检测肝组织甘油三酯(TG)水平,苏木精-伊红(HE)染色观察肝组织、肠组织病理学变化。ELISA法检测肝组织白细胞介素(IL)-1β、IL-6、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)等炎症因子的表达水平。终点显色法检测血浆内毒素(LPS)含量。结果与正常组比较,模型组大鼠的肝组织显示出典型的NASH组织学特征,经栀子苷干预后,肝细胞脂肪变性、炎症浸润较模型组减轻。与正常组比较,模型组大鼠肠上皮细胞少量脱落,肠黏膜机械屏障受损。经栀子苷干预后,回肠黏膜结构完整,未见明显肠上皮细胞脱落。与正常组比较,模型组大鼠脂肪重量、肝湿重、肝指数、肝脏TG含量、血浆LPS水平、肝组织IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α等炎症因子水平均有不同程度增高(P<0.01)。经干预后,栀子苷组大鼠脂肪重量、肝湿重、肝指数、肝脏TG含量、血浆LPS水平、肝组织IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α等炎症因子水平均较模型组有不同程度的下降(P<0.05,P<0. 01)。结论栀子苷能明显改善大鼠肠黏膜组织结构,保持肠黏膜屏障的完整性,显著降低血浆LPS水平,显著降低NASH大鼠肝组织IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α等炎症因子的表达。提示栀子苷治疗NASH的作用机制与调节肠肝轴、改善肠黏膜屏障、减少内源性LPS产生、降低炎症因子表达有关
基于肠肝轴研究栀子苷对非酒精性脂肪性肝炎大鼠的影响
目的观察栀子苷对非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(non-alcoholic steatohepatitis,NASH)大鼠的影响,并基于肠肝轴探讨栀子苷防治NASH的作用机制。方法将35只大鼠按随机数字表法分为5组,每组7只。即正常组、模型组、栀子苷组、盐酸吡格列酮组及培菲康组。除正常组外,其余28只大鼠采用高脂饮食16周建立大鼠NASH模型,在造模第9周开始给药,共治疗8周。第16周末经腹主动脉取血,生化法检测肝组织甘油三酯(TG)水平,苏木精-伊红(HE)染色观察肝组织、肠组织病理学变化。ELISA法检测肝组织白细胞介素(IL)-1β、IL-6、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)等炎症因子的表达水平。终点显色法检测血浆内毒素(LPS)含量。结果与正常组比较,模型组大鼠的肝组织显示出典型的NASH组织学特征,经栀子苷干预后,肝细胞脂肪变性、炎症浸润较模型组减轻。与正常组比较,模型组大鼠肠上皮细胞少量脱落,肠黏膜机械屏障受损。经栀子苷干预后,回肠黏膜结构完整,未见明显肠上皮细胞脱落。与正常组比较,模型组大鼠脂肪重量、肝湿重、肝指数、肝脏TG含量、血浆LPS水平、肝组织IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α等炎症因子水平均有不同程度增高(P<0.01)。经干预后,栀子苷组大鼠脂肪重量、肝湿重、肝指数、肝脏TG含量、血浆LPS水平、肝组织IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α等炎症因子水平均较模型组有不同程度的下降(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论栀子苷能明显改善大鼠肠黏膜组织结构,保持肠黏膜屏障的完整性,显著降低血浆LPS水平,显著降低NASH大鼠肝组织IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α等炎症因子的表达。提示栀子苷治疗NASH的作用机制与调节肠肝轴、改善肠黏膜屏障、减少内源性LPS产生、降低炎症因子表达有关。国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.81673660)2017、2018厦门大学大学生创新创业训练课题(No.2017X0547; No.201810384230
An Efficient Algorithm for Detecting Fetal QRS Complexes from Non-invasive Abdominal ECG Signal
母体腹部电极心电法通过放置在孕妇腹部的电极片无创检测胎儿心电信号.但腹部无创检测采集的是包含胎儿心电、母体心电及噪声的混合信号,且母体心电信号的; 幅值远大于胎心信号.基于此问题,提出从母体腹部心电信号中检测胎儿R波的高效算法.该算法避免对腹部信号建立复杂的模型,通过最小化误差函数,自适应地; 滤除母亲心电信号的波形,以获得较清晰的胎儿心电波形.再经过基于聚类的胎儿R波尖峰检测以及精筛选的步骤,获得正确的胎儿R波尖峰.该算法使用Phys; ioNet Challenge; 2013的腹部心电数据集Set-a进行测试.测试结果中,胎儿R波尖峰提取的平均灵敏度为88%,平均阳性检测率为88%.由于不涉及复杂的计算,该算; 法运行时间短,效率高,处理持续时长为60 s的腹部信号平均用时2.64 s,很适合用于可穿戴设备中心电信号的实时检测.The fetal electrocardiogram(fECG) plays an important role in the early; fetal diseases diagnosis.Electrodes can be placed on abdomen of a; pregnant woman to detect abdominal electrocardiogram(aECG),which; consists of maternal ECG(mECG),fetal ECG,and noise.The amplitude of; maternal ECG is often much higher than that of the fetal ECG,which; increases the difficulty of analyzing fECG.We propose an efficient; algorithm to detect R peaks in fetal QRS complexes from abdominal ECG; signals in high accuracy.This algorithm subtracts mECG trend from; abdominal signal adaptively by minimizing a cost function to obtain; clear fECG trend,rather than building complicated models of abdominal; signals.Then we detect fetal R peaks preliminarily base on; clustering.Finally,a fine-selection algorithm will be executed to; correct previous result and obtain precise fetal R peaks.We tested the; algorithm on abdominal signal dataset Set-a of PhysioNet Challenge; 2013.The average testing sensitivity is 88% and the average precision is; 88%.Without involving complicated computation,the algorithm works with; high efficiency and it is suitable for on-line ECG analysis in portable; ECG detecting devices.The average executing time for 60-second abdominal; signals is 2.64 seconds
The response of the photosynthesis and antioxidant enzyme activities in Phragmites australis to S2- and Na+ stress
The soil sulfur content and Na+ are very high in the tidal wetland. The physiological ecological response of P. australis to S2–stress and S2– & Na+ joint stress is unclear. Using P. australis from the high tidal marsh in the Yellow River Delta as experimental materials, two comparison experiments were conducted(The same S2– concentration: 50 mmol·L–1 Na2 S VS. K2 S; The same Na+ concentration: 40 mmol·L–1 Na2 S VS. 80 mmol·L–1 NaCl). The effects of S2-, Na+ and their joint stress on photosynthesis and antioxidant enzyme activities were compared. The results showed that: Na)2 S inhibited the photosynthetic rate more strongly than the K2 S and NaCl, and thus the joint effect of S2– and Na+ stress was more serious than their single effect. Furthermore, for the antioxidant enzyme activities, under 50 mmol·L–1 Na2 S stress, the activities of H2 O2, POD and SOD were higher than the control treatment, thus POD and SOD played an important role in resisting Na2 S stress. Overall, the coexistence of S2– and Na+ depressed the P. australis more severely, and POD and SOD played an important role in resisting S2- and Na+ stress
Physiological and ecological responses of hetan and chaotan Phragmites australis to salt stress
Characterizing the different physiological and ecological responses of Phragmites australis from two habitats in the Yellow River delta to salt stress can provide important theoretical support for the selection of P. australis types for the ecological restoration of degraded coastal wetlands. The Na+ content, photosynthetic parameters, H2O2 content, antioxidant enzyme activity, malondialdehyde content, and proline content of leaves from hetan(low-salt habitat, riverside) and chaotan(high-salt habitat, high marsh) P. australis grown under salt stress conditions(300 mmol/L NaCl) were compared, along with the Na+ flux of the root growth area. Salt stress significantly increased the Na+ content in the hetan leaves but had no significant effect on that of the chaotan leaves. Furthermore, non-invasive micro-test technology(NMT) revealed greater Na+ efflux in the chaotan plants((1982.05±122.74) pmol cm-2 s-1 vs.(87.93±12.94) pmol cm-2 s-1, P<0.01)than in the hetan plants((1574.16±458.90) pmol cm-2 s-1 vs.(-126.88±23.01) pmol cm-2 s-1, P<0.01), which could be attributed to the need for chaotan P. australis to effectively regulate intracellular ion balance. In addition, the photosynthetic rate of the chaotan plants((16.36±1.09) μmol m-2 s-1 vs.(22.79±0.67) μmol m-2 s-1, P<0.01) was significantly greater than that of the hetan plants((12.71±0.97) μmol m-2 s-1 vs.(23.81±0.55) μmol m-2 s-1, P<0.01)after 7 d of salt treatment. Salt stress induced significant increases in the H2O2, malondialdehyde, and proline contents of leaves from both P. australis types, as well as in the activity of antioxidant enzymes. Moreover, the activity of glutathione reductase(GR)in chaotan P. australis was increased significantly((6.90±1.73) U/mgprot vs.(3.54±0.54) U/mgprot, P<0.05). These results indicate that chaotan P. australis is more adaptable to salt stress than hetan P. australis, as indicated by the greater Na+ efflux of its roots, greater proline content, and greater antioxidant enzyme activity, which promote salt-stress tolerance. Therefore, in the ecological restoration of degraded coastal wetlands in the Yellow River delta, P. australis from the high marsh should be selected as the material for vegetation restoration
Effect of Psychological Intervention on Negative Emotion and Pain in Patients with Chronic Temporomandibular Joint Disorder
颞下颌关节紊乱病(Temporomandibular Disorder, TMD)是一组常见于青壮年 期的高发病率慢性综合征, 主要症状为颌面疼痛、关节弹响、下颌运动功能受限, 且具性别差异性, 但发病机制尚不明确。该病常伴有抑郁、焦虑、压力等负性情绪。
本论文探讨了自我参照效应下负性情绪及情景记忆在慢性期疼痛为主 TMD 成年女患者病程特点及影响; 基于研究一中揭示的患者特点, 分别采用认知行为 疗法(Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, CBT)和支持性疗法并结合生理治疗, 干预慢 性期疼痛为主伴抑郁、焦虑情绪 TMD 成年女患者负性情绪, 从身心两维度纵向 比较两种心理干预方法对改善疼痛的效果。
研究一、随机选择 23 名于 2019-2021 年初诊、病程大于三个月且疼痛为主 要症状, 年龄在 19 到 60 岁之间的 TMD 女性患者纳入 CBT 组; 另外选择 24 名 症状相同女患者纳入支持性组。要求 23 名 CBT 组患者用思维记录表记录三周自 己体验到的情绪性情景记忆片段, 然后采用质性分析方法深入分析获得的情绪 性记忆的描述语词, 探讨在自我参照效应下情绪性记忆的特点。研究结果表明: 自我参照效应下慢性期疼痛为主 TMD 成年女患者负性情绪以抑郁情绪为主, 负 性情绪处于高唤醒状态且不稳定, 负性情绪下情景记忆的联系性和组织性来源 记忆概括化、自我参照程度效应减弱。
研究二、对 23 名患者的 CBT 组和 24 名支持性疗法组的患者分别实施 50 分 钟/次/周, 共 8 次的心理干预。同时, 根据生理症状接受镇痛消炎药物治疗、关节 腔透明质酸钠注射治疗、咬合板治疗和理疗。干预性治疗前采用 DC/TMD 中文 版、DASS-21 中文版、PCL-5 中文版量表、心境检查表测查患者数据, 采用思维 记录表记录负性偏差信念, 辅助以皮质醇(Cortisol)指标测试, 以及第三个月随访 时间点进行自我报告的半结构性访谈, 探讨上述疗法从生理-心理层面对患者疼 痛的改善效果。研究结果表明: CBT 患者具有“以偏概全”、“世界是危险的”偏差 信念影响抑郁情绪。与支持性疗法相比, CBT 从生理-心理层面对慢性期疼痛为主 TMD 成年女患者疼痛症状改善效果更显著, 增强患者心理韧性, 获得创伤后心 理成长。
慢性疼痛为主 TMD 成年女患者病程期伴以抑郁为主高唤醒水平的负性情绪, 抑郁情绪成分自责、自罪、内疚、无能为力不足, 以愤怒生气为主; 联系性及组 织性来源记忆自我参照程度效应减弱, 概括化认知负性偏差; 患者具“以偏概 全”、“世界是危险的”偏差信念, 与支持性疗法相比, 采用 CBT 思维调整技术“寻 找符合逻辑的证据”积极思维反刍, 能从生理-心理层面显著改善疼痛缓解抑郁, 提高患者心理韧性获得创伤后成长
