Advances in the Catalysts and Mechanism for Ammonia Synthesis

通讯联系人：廖代伟[中文摘要]本文综述了氨合成这一最重要的工业多相催化过程８０ 多年来的研究进展。介绍了氨合成熔铁催化剂、氨合成钌催化剂的发展以及对氨合成催化反应机理的不同看法。[英文摘要]The advances in ammonia synthesis as is one of the most important industrial heterogeneous catalytic processes are reviewed. The developments of both fused iron catalysts and ruthenium catalysts and the different opinions on catalytic mechanism for ammonia synthesis are discussed.国家自然科学基金;固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室和福建炼油厂资

串联流化床反应器冷态实验研究

为了解决攀枝花高钙、镁钛精矿采用电炉冶炼之后所得的高钛渣的直接氯化问题,进行了快速流化床-湍流床-快速流化床三级串联组成的串联流化床反应器的冷态研究。测定了流化床颗粒的速度和浓度分布,研究了固相的停留时间和流动形态,对快速流化床的流化速度、湍流床的轴向浓度分布进行了考察,比较了湍流床和沸腾床对同样强度颗粒的碾碎率,结果证明了湍流床具有较高的抗粘结能力

顺流串联流化床流动特性研究

针对攀枝花钛资源钙、镁含量高的特点,研究了快速流化床 湍流床 快速流化床三级串联组成的顺流串联流化床的流动特性。采用光导纤维测速仪和压力计,研究了固相的停留时间和流动形态。对快速流化床的流化速度、湍流床的轴向和径向浓度分布以及抗粘结能力进行了考察。用功率谱密度函数表征床层的活跃程度,定性地说明了湍流床抗粘结能力提高的幅度

顺流串联流化床流动特性研究

针对攀枝花钛资源钙、镁含量高的特点，研究了快速流化床—湍流床—快速流化床三级串联组成的顺流串联流化床的流动特性。采用光导纤维测速仪和压力计，研究了固相的停留时间和流动形态。对快速流化床的流化速度、湍流床的轴向和径向浓度分布以及抗粘结能力进行了考察。用功率谱密度函数表征床层的活跃程度，定性地说明了湍流床抗粘结能力提高的幅度

STUDIES ON CATALYTIC ETHERIFICATION of ISOPENTENE

为了适应环保的要求，世界各国已纷纷明令不准使用含铅汽油，而代之以掺有汽油添加剂的无铅汽油，汽油添加剂主要是一些含氧有机化合物。醚类具有可替代汽油组份、不溶于水、调合辛烷值高、蒸气压低和不污染环境等优点，适合作为汽油添加剂。目前已开发了甲基叔丁基醚（M...The etherification of isopentene by catalyst,benzol sulfonic acid cation exchange resin,has been studied.The results indicats that the resin is an effective catalyst with total conversion of over 97% at 55℃ to 70℃ and CH 3OH/C 5=1.2.The influences of temperature,pressure and CH 3OH/C 5 ratio have also been investigated.国家自然科学基金;固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室;福建炼油厂资

The Effect of Supporters and Ruthenium Contents on the Reaction Activity for Ammonia Synthesis

传统的熔铁型合成氨催化剂的使用条件相当苛刻（450℃，1.5~3.5x105PA），近20年来国外一直致力于开发温和条件下使用的钌基合成氨催化剂［1，2］，并已取得了相当的进展［3］，可望在不久的将来完全实现工业化，代替铁基合成氨催化剂，成为一种高效...The effects of different supporters, such as active carbon, γ Al 2O 3、NaX molecular sieve, silica gel, Sm 2O 3, CeO 2, Y 2O 3 and C 60 (6%), and contents (2%￣6%) of ruthenium on reaction activity of ruthenium based catalysts for ammonia synthesis have been studied.The activity for ammonia synthesis of Ru based catalysts supported by different supporters decreased in the sequence of C 60 >Sm 2O 3>CeO 2>Y 2O 3>γ Al 2O 3>NaX>AC>silica gel, and the optimum content of ruthenium is 4 %, under 1×10 5 Pa; the Ru K/C 60 catalyst has the highest activity for ammonia synthesis at 350 ℃.Also, the Ru based catalysts have been characterized by SEM.国家自然科学基金;固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室资

Dynamic Study on Chemisorbed Species of Oxygen over Gas-Solid Interfaces

【中文摘要】用自编的傅里叶变换红外（fT-Ir）动态谱批处理程序，在20-650℃对bE、Mg、CA、lA、CE、SM、TI、zr、V、nb、Cr、MO、W、Mn、fE、nI、Cu、zn和Sn等一系列金属氧化物上的氧化学吸附物种进行了原位动态三维谱学研究。就所观测到的超氧（O-2）和过氧（O2-2）物种随温度的变化情况以及甲烷氧化偶联催化反应中的活性氧物种进行了讨论。 【Abstract】The in-situ dynamic three-dimension FT-IR spectra of chemisorbed species of oxygen over metal oxides,such as MgO,CaO,La2O3,CeO2,Sm2O3,TiO2,ZrO2,V2O5,Nb2O5,Cr2O3,MnO2,Fe2O3,NiO,CuO,ZnO and SnO2,respectively,were investigated from room temperature to 650℃ Using our batch processing program for FT-IR dynamic spectra.The dependence of chemisorbed species of oxygen on tempareture and active oxygen species in oxidative coupling of methane(OCM) were discussed. For alkaline earth oxides and lanthanide earth oxides,a strong infrared band at the range of 1040～1160cm-1 was observed under reaction temperature of OCM,650℃.These bands were blue-shifted from room temperature to 650℃.The bands can be assigned to the chemisorbed species of oxygen,O2- acoording to the Nakamoto's assignment i.e.,1865(O2-)≈1580(O2)≈1097(O2-)≈766(O22-).There was scarcely and infrared band assigned to the species of O22- observed fro these oxides.For other transition metal oxides,however,the infrared band assigned to the species of O22- can be observed but the infrared band assigned to the species of O2- was scaroely observed.国家自然科学基金;福建炼油厂资