The Physiological Responses to Maximal and Submaximal Work on Non-athletes and Athletes ( I ) : with special reference to respiratory functions

The present study was intended to investigate the work capacity of the athletes (mid die- and long-distance runners) in comparison with the sedentary persons from the view point of respiratory functions. The work was given to the subjects on a bicycle ergometer with the progressively increasing load up to nearly the maximal level V^^・_. V^^・_E, V_T and D_ were determined during submaximal and maximal work on non-athletes and athletes. To determine pulmonary diffusing capacity(D_), Filley\u27s steady state method was used. The subjects were 10 ordinary healthy males (aged 29〜32years), and 6 trained middl- and long-distance runners (aged 20〜25 years). The results obtained in this study were as follows; 1) V^^・_ for non-athletes was always greater than that for athletes at the same work intensity. The mean value of maximal oxygen uptake for athletes was significantly greater than that for non-athletes. 2) Pulmonary ventilation (V^^・_E), respiratory rate (RR) and tidal volume (V_T) for non-athletes were always greater than those for athletes at the same V^^・_ In otherwords, respiratory efficiency for athletes was higher than that for non-athletes. 3) Pulmonary diffusing capacity (D_) for athletes was always larger than that for non-athletes at the same work intensity

The Physiological Responses to Maximal and Submaximal Work on Non-athletes and Athletes (II) : with special reference to circulatory functions

It has been suggested that cardiac output is an important factor in oxygen transport system to determine the magnitude of oxygen uptake. Cardiac output occupies a central position in the discussion of oxygen transport from the lungs to the tissues in exercise. This study was conducted to determine max V^^・_ cardiac output (Q^^・), stroke volume (SV), heart rate (HR) and arterio-venous oxygen differences (AV^^-O_2D) during submaximal and maximal work on non-athletes and athletes. Cardiac output was measured by CO_2 method. The subjects were 10 ordinary healthy males (aged 23〜29 years), and 6 trained middle-and long-distance runners (aged 20〜25 years). The following results were obtained. 1) At submaximal work, athletes showed greater Q^^・ and SV than those in non-athletes at the same level of V^^・_. AV^^-O_2D for athletes were smaller than that for non-athletes. 2) At maximal work, athletes had significantry greater maxV^^・_ max Q^^・ and max SV than those in non-athletes. In previous study (20), it was found that athletes had lower values for V^^・_E, V_T and RR than those for non-athletes at the same work intensity. While, in turn D_ was larger on athletes. Namely, athletes had higher qualitive capacity of respiratory function on lung level. From those data on this report, it would be said that athletes had greater quantitative capacity (Q^^・, SV) for oxygen transport both during submaximal and maximal work than those of non-athletes

ハンドヘルドダイナモメーターによる等尺性股屈曲,伸展筋力の測定 : 固定用ベルトの使用が再現性に与える影響

本研究の目的は,固定用ベルトを装着したハンドヘルドダイナモメーターによる股関節屈曲および伸展筋力測定方法の検者間再現性について検討することである.対象は健常者20名の両下肢40脚である.考案した固定用ベルトの効果を検討するために,ハンドヘルドダイナモメーターによる等尺性筋力測定を固定用ベルト使用下および不使用下で実施した.また,検者間の再現性を検討するために,検者は男女各1名にて行った.股屈曲筋力平均値は,ベルト使用下において男性検者,女性検者の順に,25.0kgf,25.8kgf,ベルト不使用下において同順に,19.8kgf,17.3kgfであった.股伸展筋力平均値は,ベルト使用下において男性検者,女性検者の順に,30.8kgf,31.0kgf,ベルト不使用下において,27.0kgf,23.6kgfであった.検者間の比較では,ベルト不使用下において,有意に男性検者の測定値が高値を示した(p<0.01).一方,ベルト使用下では男女間で有意差を認めなかった.検者間の級内相関係数は,股屈曲では,ベルト使用下0.98,ベルト不使用下0.78,股伸展では,ベルト使用下0.97,ベルト不使用下0.80で,ベルト使用下において高値を示した.以上のことから,固定用ベルトの併用により再現性の高い測定が可能になるものと考えられた