15-3-9 : ヒト由来生体材料の個人対応製品-の創製と販売

We developed a rapid and convenient extraction method for quantifying human hair components called the “Shindai Method and novel procedures for preparing human hair protein films (Pre-cast and Post-cast methods). All the people do not have a hair. Thus, we applied these methods in the preparation of protein solution and film formation from human nail. The amount of protein extracted by the Shindai method was about 2.5 times more than that of the conventional method. Obtained proteins contained soft keratins in addition to hard keratins and matrix proteins. We found the presence of serine phosphorylation in keratins and matrix proteins, in addition to threonine and tyrosine phosphorylation in keratins indicating the presence of post-translational modifications in the nail proteins. When Pre-cast, post-cast, and soft post-cast methods, which can convert hair protein solution into protein films, were used, white color films were formed from the nail protein solution. The maximaum protein recovery from the films was 70-90%･ and the protein components mainly consisted of hard and soft keratins. Using the Post-cast (pH 5) and soft post-cast methods, the films formed slowly (approximately 5-40 min) and became translucent. In construct, the Pre-cast and Post-cast methods resulted in films which formed quickly (Within 1 min) and turned white and opaque. SEM observations showed that the surface of the translucent films was smooth compared with that of the opaque films. Translucent nail protein films exhibited an absorption around 270-295 nm, indicating their selective application for UV-care goodsArticle先進ファイバー工学研究教育拠点研究成果報告書 11: 76-77(2005)research repor

Comparative study of the inial spikes of SGR giant flares in 1998 and 2004 observed with GEOTAIL: Do magnetospheric instabilities trigger large scale fracturing of magnetar's crust?

We present the unsaturated peak profile of SGR 1900+14 giant flare on 1998 August 27. This was obtained by particle counters of the Low Energy Particle instrument onboard the GEOTAIL spacecraft. The observed peak profile revealed four characteristic structures: initial steep rise, intermediate rise to the peak, exponential decay and small hump in the decay phase. From this light curve, we found that the isotropic peak luminosity was $2.3\times10^{46}$ erg s$^{-1}$ and the total energy was $4.3 \times 10^{44}$ erg s$^{-1}$ ($E\gtrsim$ 50 keV), assuming that the distance to SGR 1900+14 is 15 kpc and that the spectrum is optically thin thermal bremsstrahlung with $kT =$ 240 keV. These are consistent with the previously reported lower limits derived from Ulysses and Konus-Wind observations. A comparative study of the initial spikes of SGR 1900+14 giant flare in 1998 and SGR 1806-20 in 2004 is also presented. The timescale of the initial steep rise shows the magnetospheric origin, while the timescale of the intermediate rise to the peak indicates that it originates from the crustal fracturing. Finally, we argue that the four structures and their corresponding timescales provide a clue to identify extragalactic SGR giant flares among short GRBs.Comment: 12 pages, 3 figures, accepted by ApJ

奈良県矢田丘陵のセイボウ上科ハチ類

奈良県矢田丘陵におけるセイボウ上科(ハチ目)のリストを示した.文献調査，機関および筆者らの所蔵する標本および新たに採集された個体による奈良県矢田丘陵におけるセイボウ上科のリス トを示した.採集方法は，捕虫網を用いたスウィーピングを中心とした任意採集，マレーゼトラップ， 羽化トラップ，黄色水盤トラップ，青色水盤トラップを用いた.本調査により，セイボウ科14種，ア リガタバチ科35種，カマバチ科14種，アリモドキバチ科1種，計64種が記録された.このうち，セイボ ウ科3種とカマバチ科2種を除いた59種が矢田丘陵から初めて記録された.A list of Chrysidoidea(Hymenoptera)of Yata hills, Nara Pref., Japan is provided based on literature records, institute and authors’ collections and newly collected materials. These wasps were collected using Malaise traps, emergence trap, yellow pans, blue pans and sweeping nets. The list includes 14 species of the Chrysididae, 35 species of the Bethylidae, 14 species of the Dryinidae and one species of Embolemidae, for a total of 64 species. Among them, 59 species are newly recorded from Yata hills

TEM Observation of Microstructural Change of Silicon Single Crystal Caused by Scratching Tests Using SPM

In this study, the microstructural change of the surface of Si single crystal (Si(100)) after the scratching tests under very small loading forces was investigated. At first, line-scratching tests and scanning-scratching tests were carried out using an atomic force/friction force microscope (AFM/FFM). Next, cross-sectional TEM observations of the wear marks which were generated by the scratching tests were carried out. As a result of the TEM observations after the line-scratching tests, it was found that dislocations were observed in the area of less than 100nm thickness from the surface of the wear marks which were formed under the loading forces of more than 5μN. In the case of the loading forces of more than 20μN, an amorphous region was also observed just under the wear marks. As a result of the TEM observations after the scanning-scratching tests, it was found that the introduction of dislocations took place and no amorphous region appeared. It was also found that the several atomic layers at the top surface of the wear marks shifted in parallel to (100)

急性期病院におけるせん妄に関する実態調査2－発症リスクについて―

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急性期病院におけるせん妄に関する実態調査1―せん妄の発症について―

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