构建和谐社会与宗教的理论审视

今年以来,本刊就“构建社会主义和谐社会与宗教”这一课题,给予了持续的关注和讨论,宗教界和宗教工作者都围绕这一主题进行了专题讨论。本期,我们主要请有关学者就这一课题发表自己的研究与见解。从各位学者的发言中,我们深切感受到了当代宗教学者的理论热情与社会关切。正如学者们所提出的:在构建社会主义和谐社会的进程中,宗教工作者、宗教界人士和学者三方,应当明确各自的职责,各扬其长,相互合作,谐调互动。诚如是,则社会和谐可期,民族复兴可待

The Primary Attempt of in Vitro Fertilization of Torenia fournieri

通讯作者(E-mail: [email protected]; Tel: 0592-2186486)。[中文文摘]用体内-体外方法分离了蓝猪耳精细胞。用酶解和解剖方法分离了其成熟卵细胞。分离的精、卵细胞用电融合介导尝试了体外诱导融合。在合适的渗透压(6%甘露醇)和合适的氯化钙(0.04%CaCl2·2H2O)溶液中,用交流电场为30～35V,10～25s使精、卵细胞排队;用直流电场400～600V,45～50μs的脉冲穿孔条件可诱导30%的精、卵细胞融合和70%以上的卵细胞之间的融合。尝试了人工合子的单细胞培养但未获成功。诱导蓝猪耳精、卵细胞融合的条件与玉米和水稻不同。[英文文摘]Sperm cells of Torenia fournieri were isolated from pollen tubes which were induced using an in vivo-in vitro method. Its egg cells were isolated by enzyme digesting followed by mechanical dissection. The electrical fusion method was applied to induce the fusion of the isolated sperm and egg cells. In a suitable solution containing 6% mannitol and 0.04% CaCl2 ·2H2O, 30% sperm-egg and over 70% egg-egg could be induced fusion using alternating current (30–35 V, 10–25 s) to align sperm-egg or egg-egg,following direct current (400–600 V, 45–50 μs) pulse to perforate the plasma member of both sperm and egg. The artifi cial zygotes were also tried to culture but no success. The conditions of inducing fusion of sperm cells and egg cells of Torenia fournieri are different with those of maize and rice.国家自然科学基金(30970275和31170289);; 公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费(200903016

Effect of salinity on microbial densities of soil in the dilution plate technique applied in mangrove areas

作者简介:张瑜斌(1970～) ,男,湖南郴州人,博士,副教授,主要从事海洋微生物学与海洋生态学研究. E2mail: zhangyb@gdou. edu. cn 通讯作者Corresponding author. E2mail: linpeng@jingxian. xmu. edu. cn[中文文摘]在使用稀释平板法分离潮间带红树林及其对照光滩土壤微生物以及计数时,多数情况下使用陈海水制作培养基和稀释水,很少考虑培养基和稀释水的盐度对最终计数结果的影响。使用稀释平板法研究了盐度对福建九龙江口红树林区与深圳福田红树林保护区土壤微生物平板计数的影响,结果表明培养基与稀释水盐度对微生物数量有明显的影响。统计分析显示细菌的海水稀释效果优于淡水,而放线菌与真菌则刚好相反(P<0.05,一个例外)。海水不适合配制红树林区土壤微生物平板计数的培养基,从0~35,高盐度的平板培养基会降低微生物的数量,尤其是放线菌的数量,尽管培养基的盐度对真菌影响无规律,但细菌数量在低盐度时比在高盐度和不加氯化钠时要多。根据盐度效应,提出了稀释平板技术应用于潮间带的红树林及其相应光滩时的优化方法,认为细菌应该用海水作无菌稀释水,而放线菌和真菌则应用淡水作稀释水;包括光滩在内的红树林区土壤微生物分离与计数的培养基宜控制较低盐度范围。[英文文摘]When the soilmicrobial densities are determined in mangroves and correspondingmudflat at the same tidal level by the dilution p late method, the agarmedia and dilution water are generallymade up of aged seawater in most cases, and effects of salinity in agar media and dilution water on the enumeration of microbes is seldom taken into consideration. The effects of salinity on soil microbial counting from the samples in mangrove areas in Jiulongjiang Estuary of Fujian, and Futian Mangrove Nature Reserve of Shenzhen, China, were tested by dilution p late technique. The results showed that the soil microbial densities in mangroves and mudflat were significantly influenced by the salinity of dilution water and agarmedia. For the bacteria, the seawater served as sterilized dilution water was significantly ( P < 0. 05) more benefic to the enumeration on the p lates than the freshwater, but in reverse for the actinomycetes and fungi. The increasing salinity of media within 35 significantly decreased microbial colonies on the p lates, especially for the actinomycetes, in sp ite of the fact that the effect of salinity ofmedia on fungal numberswas not indefinite. The bacterial colonieswere more abundant on the agar p lates with low salinity than with high salinity or without any NaCl. It was p roposed that some methodological imp rovements were needed when the dilution p late technique was app lied to microbial counting in the samp les of mangrove forest and mudflat at the same tidal level in inter2tidal zone. The sterilized dilution water should be p repared with seawater for the bacteria, but with freshwater or low saline water for the actinomycetes and fungi. The salinity of agarmedia should be low for the microbial isolation and enumeration of soil samples from the mangrove areas including mudflats.国家自然科学基金资助项目(30270272

Relation between soil salinity in intertidal zone and electric conductivity

以5∶1的水土质量比浸提潮间带土壤,质量法测定的土壤盐度(质量分数),与电导法测定的稀释了5倍的土壤浸提液(5∶1水土质量比)的电导率值之间有极显著的相关性。质量法实测的土壤盐度与电导率计算的土壤盐度之间的相对误差多在5%以下。因此,用电导法测定潮间带土壤盐度不失为一种简便、快速的方法,尤其是样品数较多时更可节约时间。 【英文摘要】 There was significantly correlation between soil salinity in intertidal zone obtained by mass method (the ratio of mass of water to soil is 5∶1) and electric conductivity of extracting solution diluted five times by electric conductivity method The relative errors were almost below 5% between soil salinity measured by the mass method and the ones calculated by electric conductivity. So, electric conductivity method is a simple and rapid method for measurement of soil salinity in intertidal zone after defini...国家自然科学基金项目(30270272

海底观测网连通可靠性分析

归纳了一种通用的水下节点光通信模型,引入节点存活率作为海底观测网的可靠性指标,针对水下多分支节点较多导致的可靠性降低和铺设施工难度增加等缺点,将NEPTUNE优化为只包含两个多分支节点的交叉环拓扑。对上述两种网络的可靠性进行了仿真,结果表明,交叉环拓扑与NEPTUNE相比具有相近的可靠性,但多分支节点数量更少,便于海底观测网的供电和铺设

利用船锚探测海底光缆的方法研究

为了进一步改进海底光缆磁探测技术,研究了海底光缆和船锚的主要结构,建立了船锚钩挂海底光缆的数学模型,并利用MATLAB软件仿真了钩挂点周围的磁场特性,计算出不同探测距离上的最大磁感应强度,为提高海底光缆探测效率提供理论依据