一种变形锌合金的电沉积镀镍溶液及其电沉积镀镍方法

本发明公开了一种变形锌合金的电沉积镀镍溶液及其电沉积镀镍方法。本发明的电沉积镀镍溶液的溶剂为去离子水，溶质包含110～130g/L的六水合硫酸镍、10～15g/L的氯化钠、30～35g/L的硼酸、80～170g/L的柠檬酸钠。本发明的电沉积镀镍方法是在进行电沉积之前，将本发明的电沉积镀镍溶液的pH值调节为4.8～6.9，保持电沉积镀镍溶液的温度为20～30℃，阴极电流密度为0.8～1.5安培/分米2。本发明的电沉积镀镍溶液不含氰化物、无污染而且稳定性好；使用本发明的电沉积镀镍方法所得镀层表面无条纹，在金相显微镜下观察无裂纹，在150℃下热震无起泡剥落现象，涂膏表面变色面积不超过10％

Ar离子辐照的非晶态合金表面发泡扫描电镜观测

１５０、１９５和３００ｋｅＶＡｒ离子在室温下辐照非晶态合金Ｃｏ７０．２Ｆｅ３．９Ｎｂ３．９Ｓｉ１４Ｂ８和Ｃｏ６６Ｆｅ４．５Ｖ２．２５Ｎｉ２．２５Ｓｉ１０Ｂ１５，扫描电镜在一定的辐照剂量范围观测到了表面发泡形成，发泡形成的临界剂量和直径随离子能量增加而增加。Ａｒ离子能量高于１９５ｋｅＶ时，发泡和发泡破裂是主要的表面损伤现象，而在１５０ｋｅＶＡｒ离子辐照下，未观测到发泡破裂。使用Ａｒ离子的聚集、临界气压的建立和气体从近表面的释放解释了表面发泡效应。Surface blistering of the amorphous alloys Co70.2Fe3.9Nb3.9Si14B8and Co66Fe4.5V2.25Ni2.25Si10B15 due to argon ion bombardment at energies of 150,195 and 300 keV has been observed with a scanning electron microscope(SEM).The critical dose for onset of blistering and the blister diameter are determined and found to increase with increasing projectile energy. Above about 195 keV, blisters and rupture of blisters are the predominant surface damage phenomena. However,at 150 keV, there is no evidence of cracked国家自然科学基金,甘肃省自然科学基金,中国科学院重点基

Ar离子辐照非晶态合金表面发泡和针孔形成研究

１５０ｋｅＶ和１９５ｋｅＶＡｒ离子室温下辐照非晶态合金（Ｃｏ９４Ｆｅ４Ｃｒ２）７８Ｓｉ８Ｂ１４，表表面发泡和溅射腐蚀是两种主要的表面损伤过程．针孔出现较表面发泡要晚，它的密度随剂量增加迅速地增加，并且在一定的辐照剂量时趋向饱和，这时，一种多孔粗糙的表面损伤结构形成．针孔的形成影响了表面发泡，导致了发泡密度随剂量增加急剧地减小．用溅射和气泡破裂解释了针孔形成和在高剂量时趋向饱和的原因．Amorphous alloy (Co94Fe4Cr2)78Si8B14 was bombarded with argon ions at energies of150keV and 195keV respectively. Above a critical fluence blistering and sputteringerosion were the two main surface damage phenomena. The critical fluence for onsetof pinhole formation was determined and found to increase with ion energy. Thedensity of pinhole increases with ion fluence dramatically and at a certain fluence, itreaches saturation. However, with the formation of pinhole, the density of blisterdecreases rapidly an...国家自然科学基金,甘肃省自然科学基

195KeV Ar~＋辐照非晶态合金表面损伤形貌的研究

用扫描电子显微镜观测研究了室温下１９５ｋｅＶＡｒ＋辐照非晶态合金Ｃｏ（６０）Ｆｅ（１２）Ｎｉ（１０）Ｓｉ６Ｂ（１２）和Ｆｅ（３９）Ｎｉ（３９）Ｖ２Ｓｉ（１２）Ｂ８在各剂量阶段的表面损伤形貌。结果表明，表面损伤是发泡和溅射相互竞争的过程。低剂量下，表面损伤以发泡为主；而在高剂量时，表面发泡消失，溅射造成的多孔粗糙表面损伤结构形成。对高剂量时表面发泡消失的可能机制作了探讨。The dependence of surface damage of amorphous alloys Co60Fe12Ni10Si6B12 and Fe39Ni39V2Si12B8 irradiated with 195keV argon ions on the ion dose has been investigated by using scanning electron microscope.Surface damages such as blistering and sputtering were observed.At low dose blistering was dominant, but at higher dose blisters disappered and a porous structure was developed as the result of sputtering.The reasons for disappering of blisters at high dose were also discussed in detail.国家自然科学基金,甘肃省自然科学基

一种锌合金酸洗溶液及锌合金酸洗处理工艺

一种锌合金酸洗处理工艺，包括步骤1：前处理，将锌合金工件进行除油、清洗；步骤2：酸洗，将步骤1处理后的锌合金工件浸渍于锌合金酸洗溶液中，该锌合金酸洗溶液的溶剂是水，含有：硫酸200～300ml/L，盐酸10～30ml/L，六亚甲基四胺5～10g/L。步骤3：后处理，将步骤2处理后的工件进行清洗、电镀或涂装处理。其中步骤2中的酸洗温度为10～40℃，酸洗时间为5～120秒。与现有技术相比，本发明所述的锌合金酸洗溶液成分少，配制简单，利用该酸洗溶液进行锌合金表面除氧化膜的酸洗工艺操作简单，易于控制，氧化膜的去除效果好，酸洗面光泽度好，表面平整，而且可以和其他化学处理环节混合使用

in situ FTIR Spectroscopic Studies of Adsorption and Oxidation of L-Serine on Pt Electrodes in Neutral Solutions

运用电化学循环伏安(CV)和原位红外反射光谱(In SITufTIrS)研究了中性介质中l-丝氨酸在PT电极上的解离吸附和氧化过程.结果表明,在中性溶液中,以两性离子形式存在的丝氨酸可以在很低的电位下(-0.6 V,VS.SCE)在PT电极表面发生解离吸附,生成强吸物种一氧化碳(COl)、(COb)和氰负离子(Cn-).研究结果还表明,当电位低于0.7 V(VS.SCE)时,Cn-能稳定存在于电极表面,抑制丝氨酸的进一步反应.在更高电位时则主要为丝氨酸分子的氧化过程.The dissociative adsorption and oxidation of L-serine on platinum electrode in neutral solutions were studied via in situ FTIR reflection spectroscopy and electrochemical methods.The FTIRS results demonstrate that the serine can be easily dissociated on Pt surface at potentials below-0.6 V(vs.SCE) to form cyanide(--2100 cm-1) and carbon monoxide(COL,--2034 cm-1;COB,--1870 cm-1).The observation of an absorption band at 2343 cm-1 is ascribed to CO2,which implies the cleavage of the C—C bond during the dissociative adsorption of serine.It has determined that the cyanide was strongly adsorbed on electrode surface in a wide potential region below 0.7 V(vs.SCE) and inhibited the oxidation of serine.At higher potentials,the serine molecules could be oxidized directly to yield the main product CO2 species.As the pH decreased in the spectroelectrochemical cell during serine reactions,the acidic serine species also detected.The present study revealed the interaction of serine with Pt electrode surface,and suggested a possible reaction mechanism of serine on Pt electrode surface in neutral solutions.国家自然科学基金(批准号:20673091;20833005)资

Establishment of New Research System to Combine Electrochemistry and Electron Spectroscopy and the Investigations of SurFace Chemical States of Pt/Biad Electrode

固/液界面电化学体系与超高真空电子能谱双向转移及其研究系统的建立和对PT/bI_（Ad）电极表面化学状态的研究孙世刚，陈声培，陈宝珠，徐富春，薛国庆，林文锋，葛福云（厦门大学固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室、化学系、物理化学研究所、科学仪器系，分析测试？..A new research system,which allows samples to be transFerred rapidly and without contamination between electrochemical environment and ultra-hight-vacuum chamber,has been set up recently.This system is of interest to combine investigations on structure and proporties of solid surFace at both solid/liquid and solid/gas interFaces.The prelimiary study of Pt/Biad electrode at levels of chemical environment and electronic structure demonstrated the success of the system established.The XPS data indicate that two oxidation states of Bi adatom existe on Pt/Biad electrode surFace.The present results give new interpretation of the promoting mechanism of Bi adatom in electrocatalysis.国家自然科学基

Study of the Characteristic and Parameters of Semiconductor Material

提出超晶格 (Al As/ Ga As)和应变超晶格 (Gex Si1-x/ Si,Inx Ga1-x As/ Ga As)光伏效应的机理 ,测量了不同温度下的光伏谱 ,光伏曲线反映了台阶二维状态密度分布并观察到跃迁峰 .计算了导带和价带子带的位置和带宽 ,根据宇称守恒确定光跃迁选择定则 ,对跃迁峰进行指认 .研究了光伏随温度变化、激子谱峰半高宽随温度和阱宽的变化 ,讨论谱峰展宽机制中的声子关联 ,混晶组分起伏及界面不平整对线宽的影响 .测量了元素和化合物半导体单晶材料的室温、低温下的表面光电压谱 ,推导了有关计算公式 ,计算得出电学参数 (L、n0 、μ、S、W)、深能级和表面能级位置、带隙和化合物组分 ;分析了电学参数的温度关系 ;由双能级复合理论 ,研究了少子扩散长度与深能级关系 ,计算了深能级浓度和参数 .在不同条件下研制了二氧化锡 /多孔硅 /硅 (Sn O2 / PS/ Si)和二氧化锡 /硅 (Sn O2 / Si) ,测量了它们的光伏谱 ,分析表明它们存在着异质结 .当样品吸附还原性气体 (H2 、CO、液化石油气 )时 ,光电压有明显变化 ,因此可做为一种新的敏感元件 .分析了它们的吸附机理 ,计算了有关参数The mechanism of the photovoltaic effect for superlattices(AlAs/GaAs) and strained superlattices(Ge xSi 1-x /Si,In xGa 1-x As/GaAs)are discussed. The photovoltage spectra at different temperatures have been measured. The curves of SPV reflect the step like distribution of two dimensional state density, and transition peaks have been observed. The levels and bandwidths of the subbands have been calculated. The transition speaks are assingned according to the selection rule for optical transition based on the conservation law of parit. The changed in photovoltage with temperature, the full width of half maxium of the transition peaks as a function of temperature and well width for different samples are investigated. The influences of exciton phonon coupling, alloy disorder and interface roughness on the broading mechanism of the transition peaks are discussed. The surface photovoltage of element and compounds single crystal semiconductors are measured at room and low temperatures. Some calculation formules are derived. The electrical parameters (L,n 0,μ,S,W),deep levels and surface level, energy gap and composition of the compounds are determined. The temperature dependence of the electrical parameters are analyzed. The dependence of minority carrier diffusion length on deep level are studied by double level recombination theory. The concentration and parameters of deep levels are calculated. Tin Oxide/Porous Silicon/Silicon(SnO 2/PS/Si)and Tin Oxide/Silicon are fabricated at different conditions. The photovoltage spectra of SnO 2/PS/Si and SnO 2/Si have been studied. It is shown that there exist heterojunctions in SnO 2/PS/Si and SnO 2/Si. The photovoltage changes evidently when the sample absorbes reducing gas (H 2,CO,liguified petroleum). The experimental results indicate that SnO 2/PS/Si or SnO 2/Si is a good material for gas sensor. The mechamism for the gas absorption of SnO 2/PS/Si and SnO 2/Si are discussed. The parameters are calculated.国家自然科学基金资助项目!(技准 36 1号 ;6 86 6 0 52 ;;59172 10 1) ;; 教育部科研资助项目 ;; 福建省自然科学基金资助项目!(F950

钼改性分散剂、其制备方法及应用

本发明公开了一种钼改性分散剂、其制备方法及应用。该钼改性分散剂中含有亚胺二乙醇钼酸二酯基团，其制备方法包括：将烷基链琥珀酸和-或烷基链琥珀酸酐、可以选择添加或不添加的稀释剂、醇胺化合物混合进行第一阶段反应，之后除去可能残留的未反应物，再加入钼化试剂进行第二阶段反应，获得目标产物。本发明不含硫磷，每个分子中含有亚胺二乙醇钼酸二酯基团，有助于提高分散剂中的钼含量并且原料采用商品化的烷基链琥珀酸，能大大降低成本，在润滑油中与烷基化二苯胺类抗氧化剂具有明显的高温协同抗氧化作用，并且与二烷基二硫代磷酸锌具有很好的协同抗磨减摩作用，应用时可减少类似添加剂的剂量，降低磷含量，提高燃油经济性