12 research outputs found
Health Human Capital, Health Expenditure and Economic Growth
健康是人类追求的永恒目标,同时它与教育一起构成人力资本的核心部分,在经济增长过程中发挥着至关重要的作用。然而,以往的研究多关注教育因素,却忽视了健康的经济增长效应,随之导致了不合理的卫生支出结构,从而影响了健康人力资本的提高,限制了社会经济的可持续性发展。当前医疗体制改革迫切需要我们全面认识健康人力资本的经济增长效应及其与卫生支出政策的关系。因此,本研究建立了包含健康人力资本的经济增长DSGE模型,采用对数线性化方法简化了模型的均衡条件,进而应用校准与贝叶斯参数估计方法相结合求解该模型;模型检验的结果表明贝叶斯参数估计的收敛性及敏感性较好,模型内生变量与现实数据的拟合度较高,估计结果是可信的;...Health is the eternal goal of human pursuit and plays a crucial role in the process of economic growth. Health and education are the core part of the human capital. However, researchers paid more attention to education and ignored the effects of health on economic growth which led to unresonable structure of health expenditure, subsequently some adverse effects were occurred on health human capita...学位:经济学博士院系专业:经济学院计划统计系_统计学学号:1542009015342
应用Gregory-Hansen协整检验分析经济增长对卫生支出影响
目的比较经济增长对不同来源卫生支出的影响。方法收集1978-2009年我国卫生支出与经济增长的时间序列数据,应用grEgOry-HAnSEn(gH)带结构断点的协整检验分析二者间的协整关系,并用回归方法分析了经济增长对三种不同来源卫生支出的弹性。结果卫生支出与经济增长间存在带结构断点的协整关系,但相应回归方程的参数在结构断点前后会发生变化。弹性分析的结果表明经济增长对卫生总费用的弹性相对平稳,对政府卫生支出的弹性在2001年后有所增强,对个人卫生支出的弹性在1999年后有所减弱。结论卫生支出与经济增长间存在着带结构断点的长期均衡关系,经济增长对不同来源的卫生支出均有不同程度的促进作用。政府卫生支出的降低不能减少卫生总费用,仅能增加个人卫生负担。教育部人文社会科学研究项目资助(12YJA790030); 福建省自然科学基金计划资助项目(2012J01303
空间回归方法在慢性病研究中的应用进展
随着社会经济的发展和人们生活方式的转变,慢性病发病率不断攀升,已成为严重困扰个人、家庭和社会的焦点问题。在世界范围内,2010年估计有3450万人死于慢性病,较20年前有明显的增加[1]。目前我国慢性病患者已超过2亿人,占总人口的20%以上,其中,2012年我国18岁及以上成人高血压、糖尿病、慢性阻塞性肺病患病率分别为25.3%、9.7%、9.9%,厦门市科技计划项目(350Z20143006
老年人跌倒的公共卫生研究进展
据世界卫生组织(WHO)报告,跌倒是全球老年人面临的主要健康问题,且它在老年人意外伤害中的发生率和死亡率均居首位,跌倒不仅造成老年人身体上的创伤和残疾,而且还将导致如抑郁、焦虑、活动限制、跌到恐惧等心理问题[1]。据统计,2008年美国老年人由于跌倒所导致的医疗费用是233亿美元,英国为16亿美元[2]。中国老年人每年发生跌倒的直接医疗费用在50亿人民币以上,疾病负担为(160~800)亿元国家自然科学基金项目(71403229
老年人多维健康公平性及其影响因素研究
目的从多维的角度,了解老年人健康不公平现状,并探寻其影响因素。方法基于2013年调查获取的厦门市14292名60岁及以上老年人资料,采用研制的老年健康功能评定量表评价老年人的健康水平,该量表包含六个维度:社会关系资源(SR)、日常生活能力(ADL)、身体健康状况(PH)、精神健康状况(MH)、认知功能(CF)和经济资源(ER)。通过因子分析计算老年人综合健康(CH)、各维度健康得分及社会经济地位(SES)得分;采用集中指数(CI)及多水平线性分解模型,分析老年人多维健康不公平情况及相关影响因素的贡献度。结果老年人在CH的CI为0.057,其中以ADL的公平性较好(CI=0.041),ER的公平性最差(CI=0.145)。收入水平对CH及其他维度的总体贡献率均在49%以上;文化程度对CF的贡献率较高(20%);锻炼对ADL、PH的贡献率较高,分别为18%和11%;居住地对SR的贡献率较高(14%)。结论老年人在CH及健康各维度均体现出偏向高SES人群的不公平现象,该健康不公平主要受收入水平、文化程度、锻炼、居住地等因素的影响。国家自然基金青年项目(71403229);;福建省自然科学基金项目(2017J01133);福建省自然科学基金项目(2016J0101
数学模型在HPV疫苗经济学评估中的研究进展
人乳头状瘤病毒(HuMAn PAPIllOMA VIruS,HPV)持续感染引起宫颈癌、肛门癌和生殖器疣等多种HPV相关疾病。其中,宫颈癌和生殖器疣已严重威胁到人群的生命健康[1-6],其防治工作成为当前亟待解决的公共卫生问题。预防性HPV疫苗已经被证明可以有效阻断HPV感染和降低人群宫颈癌和生殖器疣发病率,并且其已在多个国家获得了使用许可[4]。HPV疫苗接种方案的经济学评估对科学规划HPV疫苗接种方案和优化卫生资源配置有着重要作福建省科技厅科技计划项目(2013R0091); 教育部人文社会科学研究项目(12YJA790030); 福建省自然科学基金计划资助项目(2012J01303
Infection Status and Influencing Factors of Human Papillomavirus in Patients with Condylomata Acuminata
目的了解我国内地尖锐湿疣(CA)患者的人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染状况,并探讨其影响因素。方法系统检索Pub Med、Science Direct Online、中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、维普网中关于我国内地CA患者HPV检测的文献,检索时间均为1990年1月—2013年12月。根据样本量对各文献HPV感染率进行加权合并,计算CA患者的HPV及各基因型合并感染率,并分析不同研究年份、研究地区CA患者的HPV合并感染率,采用多因素Logistic回归分析探讨CA患者感染/检出HPV的影响因素。结果共纳入文献67篇,累计CA患者10 757例,感染HPV 9 328例(86.7%)。CA患者的HPV合并感染率为95.7%〔95%CI(95.2%,96.2%)〕,其中合并感染率较高的前3种基因型为HPV6/11〔81.2%,95%CI(77.1%,85.2%)〕、HPV6〔43.8%,95%CI(35.2%,52.5%)〕、HPV11〔38.3%,95%CI(32.8%,43.8%)〕。1990—2003、2004—2013年CA患者的HPV合并感染率分别为96.6%〔95%CI(95.8%,97.5%)〕、94.6%〔95%CI(94.0%,95.3%)〕;东、中、西部患者的HPV合并感染率分别为95.1%〔95%CI(94.4%,95.7%)〕、91.7%〔95%CI(89.3%,94.1%)〕、96.5%〔95%CI(95.4%,97.6%)〕。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,研究年份、研究地区、标本类型、诊断方法是CA患者感染/检出HPV的影响因素(P〈0.05)。对不同基因型进行分析,结果显示,研究年份、研究地区、标本类型、诊断方法是CA患者感染/检出HPV6的影响因素,研究年份、研究地区为西部、标本类型、诊断方法是CA患者感染/检出HPV11的影响因素,研究地区为中部、标本类型是CA患者感染/检出HPV16的影响因素,研究地区、标本类型、诊断方法是CA患者感染/检出HPV18的影响因素(P〈0.05)。结论我国内地CA患者的HPV感染以HPV6、HPV11基因型为主,感染率近10年来有所下降,东部地区感染率较高。病理检查确诊、采用剥落细胞进行DNA检测,可以提高CA患者的HPV检出率。Objective To study the infection status of human papillomavirus(HPV) in patients with condylomata acuminata(CA) in mainland China and explore its influencing factors. Methods The literatures on HPV detection of CA patients in mainland China published between January 1990 and December 2013 were systematically retrieved from Pub Med,Science Direct Online, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform, and the VIP database. According to the sample size,HPV infection rates of each literature were weighted and combined and the infection rates of HPV and the combined infection rate of each genotype of CA patients were calculated,and the combined infection rate of HPV of CA patients in different years and areas of study was analyzed. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the influencing factors of CA patients infected / detected with HPV. Results A total of 67 literatures were included in the study. The number of CA patients accumulated to 10 757,and 9 328 cases(86. 7%) infected with HPV. The combined infection rate of HPV in patients with CA was 95. 7% 〔95% CI(95. 2%,96. 2%) 〕,and the top three genotypes with high infection rate were HPV6 /11 〔81. 2%,95% CI(77. 1%,85. 2%) 〕, HPV6 〔43. 8%,95% CI(35. 2%,52. 5%) 〕, HPV11〔38. 3%,95% CI(32. 8%,43. 8%) 〕. The combined infection rate of HPV in patients with CA between 1990 and 2003 and between 2004 and 2013 was 96. 6% 〔95% CI(95. 8%,97. 5%) 〕and 94. 6% 〔95% CI(94. 0%,95. 3%) 〕respectively;the combined infection rate of HPV of patients in eastern, middle and western areas was 95. 1% 〔95% CI(94. 4%,95. 7%) 〕,91. 7% 〔95% CI(89. 3%,94. 1%) 〕,and 96. 5% 〔95% CI(95. 4%,97. 6%) 〕respectively. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the year of study,areas of study,type of specimen and methods of diagnosis significantly influenced the infection and detection of HPV in CA patients(P 0. 05). After analyzing different genoty福建省自然科学基金青年项目(2014J05097
The Empirical Research on Public Hospital Financial Management based on? Du Pont Analysis
目的:分析公立医院的财务管理现状,为进一步提高我市公立医院财务精细化管理水平、实现医院财务目标提供基础。方法:基于传统杜邦分析法建立公立医院杜邦分析体系及财务指标关系,选取厦门市A、B、C 3家有代表性的公立医院,应用杜邦分析法对其财务管理能力进行实证分析。结果 A、B、C 3家公立医院的年均净资产收益率分别为6.87%、4.04%、4.36%,超过年均银行1年期存款利率。其中A医院的净资产收益率较B、C医院高,C医院受权益乘数的驱动作用,净资产收益率较B医院平均高出0.32%,但3家医院的净资产收益率整体均下降。进一步分析业务收益率发现,业务收支结余增长幅度低于业务收入增长幅度,其中专用材料支出的大幅度增长导致业务收支结余增加缓慢。结论:公立医院的财务管理能力整体较好,在保持一定资产盈利水平的同时,能调整资金结构和控制财务风险。但还需要适当利用外部资金投入,加强医院成本控制,尤其是专业材料的支出,进一步提升运营水平和业务获利能力。Objective To analyze the status of financial management in public hospital,provide the basis for further improving refined management level and finally realize the goal of public hospital financial management. Methods Du Pont analysis system of public hospital and relationship between financial indicators were established based on traditional Du Pont analysis method. Three public hospitals were purposively chosen,and then an empirical study on financial management ability was conducted by applying Du Pont analysis. Results The annual net assets income rates were 6. 87%,4. 04%,4. 36%,respectively. All of them were larger than one-year deposit rate. Moreover,Hospital A was higher than hospital B and hospital C. Hospital C was 0. 32% higher than that of B hospital under the driving effects of rights multiple. However,all three hospitals' net assets income rate showed a descending tendency. Further analyzing return ratio of business it could be obtained that the increase of business revenue and expenditure surplus was less than that of business revenue. A major reason was that special? material expenditure increased rapidly. Conclusion Three hospitals' financial management ability was generally well,they could adjust the capital structure and control the financial risk while maintaining assets profitability. In spite of that,they still needed to use external funding appropriately,strengthen cost control special material expenditure and further improve capital operating level as well as business profitability.上海交通大学中国医院发展研究院招标课题“建立符合国情的现代医院管理制度系列研究”——公立医院财务制度研究(编号:SJYF2014XD007A);; 中国卫生经济学会中标课题“公立医院改革对公立医院经济运行及现行医院财务会计制度的影响研究”(编号:卫学字(2015)12号
A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis of the Relationship between Income and Healthy Human Capital
近年来,收入差距呈现不断扩大的趋势,与收入相关的健康不公平现象也逐渐呈现。从由收入决定的健康人力资本需求函数理论的分析来看,收入的提高最终会带来健康人力资本的增加,然而由于凹性健康生产函数的假设,这种效应会随着收入水平的提高而逐渐减少。基于中国健康与营养调查(CHnS)数据,运用有序PrObIT模型对理论假说进行实证检验,结果表明:提高收入对健康存在着显著的促进作用,而在城市居民中这种促进作用表现更加明显;在中低及低收入人群中,收入的提高对健康存在明显的积极效应,随着收入水平的上升,这一效应逐渐降低;收入是部分地通过医疗资源与营养的摄取而影响健康的,低收入人群因经济困难而被严重地限制了医疗资源的可获得性。Recent years have witnessed a widening income gap and the consequent emerging phenomenon of unfairness in health care.From an analysis of the function of income-determined healthy human capital(HHC) it is found that income increase may ultimately lead to increase in HHC but that this correlation decreases owing to the hypothesis of concave function of health and production.To verify this hypothesis,this study conducts an empirical analysis of data from China Health and Nutrition Survey(CHNS) using the ordered Probit model.Our results indicate that increased income significantly enhances health and this correlation is especially strong among city people;that increased income has a significantly positive impact on health among low and lower-middle income groups though this impact gradually decreases as income continues to increase;that income impacts health partly through increasing or restricting availability of medical resources and intake of nutrition;and consequently that low income groups suffer from serious limitations in availability of medical resources because of financial problems
老年人心理社会因素与抑郁症状发生风险关系
抑郁症状是一种通过量表测量得到的低于临床抑郁症诊断标准的不良情绪状态,可反复发作[1]。在中国,大约有7 400万中老年人有抑郁症状[2]。抑郁症状不仅增加认知功能障碍和老年痴呆等疾病的发病风险[3],更是常见的自杀危险因素,自杀风险比正常人高156%[4]。此外,作为抑郁症的前驱状态,抑郁症状会增加抑郁症的发病风险(OR=1.95)[1]。全球有3.5亿例抑郁症患者,成为全球首要致残原因,位居疾病负担的第一位[5,6],导致老年人生活国家自然科学基金项目(81602941,81573257);;\n福建省自然科学基金项目(2016J01408
