Analysis of the Contradictions of Keys and Its Significance in Practice

通过对生物检索表结构的分析,认为检索表的根本矛盾是标本具有的个性性状与检索表使用的共性性状的矛盾。单道检索表的主要矛盾是检索表对性状的有条件使用与单个标本性状有限性之间的矛盾,因而单道检索表未能很好地解决其基本矛盾,使得其应用范围和使用效果受到诸多影响。多道检索表的主要矛盾是性状数据库内性状的有限性与物种具有的个性性状的无限性之间的矛盾,不存在个性与共性的矛盾,即解决了根本矛盾问题,便于检索应用。Based on analysis of the structure of keys, this paper deems that the fundamental contradiction of keys is the contradiction between the individual characters of specimens and the common characters used in keys.The principal contradiction of single-access key is the contradiction between the characters used conditionally in keys and the finite characters of individual specimens, so single-access key cannot well solve the fundamental contradiction and is limited in applicative areas and on using effect.The principal contradiction of multi-access key is a contradiction between the limited characters of character database and the unlimited individual characters of species, hence there is not the contradiction between individual characters and the common characters.Therefore, multi-access key well resolves the fundamental contradiction and can be utilized expediently.国家自然科学基金(31270234); 厦门大学科研基本业务费项目(2010121089

2URR-SRR-RUPUR并联式腿部康复机器人机构设计与运动性能分析

基于腿部关节康复机理，提出了一种2URR-SRR-RUPUR 4自由度并联式腿部康复机器人，该机构能够实现踝关节的外展和内收运动、膝关节的屈伸运动、髋关节的内旋和外旋运动以及腿部的牵伸运动。基于螺旋理论分析了该机构在一般位型和初始位型下的约束螺旋系和自由度性质。建立了2URR-SRR-RUPUR并联机构的运动学模型，采用闭环矢量法求解机构的运动学逆解并分析了机构的速度雅可比矩阵，在此基础上，对机构的工作空间和奇异性进行研究，得到了机构的工作空间图和奇异位型。基于腿部关节康复运动路径对机构进行轨迹规划，将规划结果采用SolidWorks Motion软件进行运动仿真分析，仿真结果表明，机构运动连续平滑，适合腿部康复运动训练，具备良好的应用潜力

建筑结构地震反应观测系统

建筑结构上荻取的地震反应记录有助于促进建筑抗震设计规范的改进，从而减轻地震引起的生命财产损失．本文对建筑结构地震反应观测系统布设的目的进行了简要论述，并就观测系统的构成及测点布设原则作了详细介绍．此外，以防灾楼结构地震反应观测系统作为典型实例进行了介绍

The Progress and Revelations of Marine Gas Hydrate Explorations： Reservoir Characteristics

The types of gas hydrate-bearing sediments were reviewed and summarized systematically based on the worldwide hydrate exploration results. Four different gas hydrate types or occurrences are known：（1） low-concentration, disseminated hydrate in mostly imp

应县木塔环境振动试验

对于复杂的塔状古建筑物,建立一个合适的简化的数学模型是不易实现的.与强迫振动试验相比,环境振动试验比较简单、方便,所确定出的小振幅水平下的木塔结构动力特性具有足够的精度.本文首先结合应县木塔结构环境振动测试实例对环境振动测试方法作了简要介绍,并采用随机信号数据频域分析方法对测试数据进行了分析,确定木塔结构的自振频率.同时,依据不同测点在固有频率处响应的比及零迟时互相关函数确定木塔结构的振型.最后,本文依据自功率谱和互功率谱采用半功率点法计算各振型的阻尼比.本文分析结果表明,在两水平方向上木塔的振动特性存

Recent Advances in Nanofluidic Electrochemistry for Biochemical Analysis

纳流控作为一个崭新的研究领域正受到越来越多的关注，并且已被成功应用到纳米尺度分离、生化传感、能量转化等诸多领域. 纳流控的发展与电化学紧密相连，一方面，电化学可以为纳米孔道中的物质传输特性的研究提供驱动力；另一方面，纳米孔道可以为限域电化学研究提供微环境. 纳流控和电化学技术相辅相成，催生了许多单分子、单粒子分析以及纳米流体操控的新理念与新技术. 本综述从纳米孔道与电极的结合方式出发，对纳流控-电化学相关研究进行了总结与展望.Nanofluidics, as a young research field, has been receiving more and more attentions. It has been successfully applied in various fields including nanoscale separation, biochemical sensing and energy conversion. The development of nanofluidics is closely related to electrochemistry that can provide a driving force for the study of the material transport characteristics in nanopores/nanochannels. On the other hand, nanopores/nanochannels can creat a microenvironment for study of spatially nanoconfined electrochemistry. The combination of nanofluidics and electrochemistry has given rise to many new theories and technologies for single molecule/particle analysis and nanofluid manipulation. Herein, we provide a review of the recent progresses in nanofluidic electrochemistry based on the combination of nanopore and electrode, and finally give a brief outlook on this field.  国家重点研发计划项目（No. 2017YFA0700500）、国家自然科学基金项目（No. 21635004, No. 21775066）资助作者联系地址：南京大学生命分析化学国家重点实验室，南京大学化学化工学院，江苏 南京 210023Author's Address: State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China通讯作者E-mail：[email protected]

The Progresses and Revelations of Marine Gas Hydrate Explorations （I）： Purposes and Selection Evidences of the Hydrate Drilling Sites

In order to better understanding the progresses of marine gas hydrate explorations, this study summarized the hydrate drill site objectives and drill site selections through some analyses on Blake Ridge, Hydrate Ridge, Gulf of Mexico, Nankai Trough, Ulle