Improvement of cycle stability for high-voltage lithium-ion batteries by in-situ growth of SEI film on cathode

<span lang="EN-US" new="" style="font-family: ;" times=""><font color="#000000">The cathode/electrolyte interface stability is the key factor for the cycle life and the safety performance of lithium-ion battery. Triphenylphosphine(TPP) is studied as an additive for film-formation on the cathode electrode. TPP additive can be preferably oxidized than the solvent and then a solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer is in-situ formed on the cathode surface and it greatly improves the cycle stability of the cathode at high voltage. The capacity retention for the LiMn2O4 cathode, which is cycled up to 4.8 V, is improved from 82% in the blank electrolyte to 93% in the TPP-containing electrolyte after 100 times at the current density of 148 nnA/g(1C). (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</font></span

Pigment extracted from fish skin and preparation process thereof

本发明涉及一种由鱼皮提取的天然色素及其制备方法，其特征是将鱼皮加入酸性溶液中进行浸提萃取，将萃取液过滤，大孔吸附处理，用酸性溶液清洗除去杂质及盐分，并在60℃～80℃的温度下用乙醇解析得到含色素解析液，将解析液在50℃～80℃的温度下减压浓缩得到液体色素。本发明的提取工艺科学合理，简单易行，得到的色素性能稳定，安全可靠，并对光、热均较稳定，除了含有人体必需的多种氨基酸、多种微量元素及矿物质外，对人体还具有一定的营养和保健作用，因此可以应用于食品、饮料和化妆品中

Methodology of China＇s national study on the evaluation, early recognition, and treatment of psychological problems in the elderly： the China Longitudinal Aging Study （CLAS）

认知和抑郁障是中国老年人常见的心理障碍,已成为严重的公共卫生问题,主要原因是快速的老龄化。为解决这一问题,中国政府资助了一项重大研究,以建立老年人常见心理障碍的早期识别、评估和非药物治疗标准。本文介绍了此研究的总体方法学。来自于8个省市的15个研究中心将从60岁以上老年人群中招募有代表性的研究样本,收集详细的病史资料,完成躯体和神经系统检查,进行全套神经心理测验和临床评定量表评估,采用DSM-IV定式临床访谈作出诊断。初始评估结束后第1年和第3年,将对研究对象进行随访评估。轻度认知损害(mild cognitive impairment,MCI)和亚临床抑郁者会被纳入随机对照研究,接受认知训练(MCI者)或团体认知行为治疗(亚临床抑郁者)。研究结果将用于估计老年入的认知和情感障碍的患病率,制定标准的筛查程序在全国推广应用,并促进采用针对性的干预措施来预防MCI发展为痴呆及老年亚临床抑郁进展为抑郁症。Summary： Cognitive and depressive disorders are common in elderly Chinese and are becoming an increasingly important public health problem, partly because of the rapid aging of the population. To help address this issue China＇s national government has funded a major study to establish national standards for the early identifica- tion, evaluation and treatment of common psychological disorders in the elderly. The present paper describes the overall methodology of this study. Fifteen centers in eight provinces will recruit representative samples of subjects aged 60 and over, collect a detailed history, conduct a physical and neurological examination, ad- minister a comprehensive battery of psychological tests, and carry out a diagnostic exam using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV （SCID）. These subjects will participate in follow-up evaluations one year and three years after the initial evaluation. Subsamples of subjects with mild cognitive impairment （MCI） and subclinical depression wilt be enrolled in randomized controlled trials of a cognitive training program （for MCI） or group cognitive behavioral therapy （for subclinical depression）. The results of the study will be used to estimate the prevalence of cognitive and affective disorders in the elderly, to develop a standard screening procedure for these conditions that can be promulgated nationally, and to promote the use of specific interventions that can prevent the development of dementia in persons with MCI and the development of depressive episodes in elderly individuals with subclinical depression