海洋细菌活性蛋白、活性肽研究的若干新进展

海洋蕴藏着丰富的生物活性资源,近年来海洋细菌活性蛋白及活性肽的研究在资源开发与利用领域中很受关注。本文首先分析了海洋细菌来源的各种活性蛋白及活性肽在不同层面上的生物学活性特征,其次对海洋活性蛋白及活性肽的获得方式及其在医药学、工业、水产养殖业及环境保护等领域中的应用现状与潜力作简要介绍,最后对该领域研究前景进行了展望

海洋杀藻细菌Vibrio sp.DHQ25高密度生长的培养基优化

以能够有效抑制塔玛亚历山大藻生长的海洋细菌Vibrio sp.DHQ25为对象,考察了培养基成分对其发酵生长的影响.研究中顺序利用了Plackett-Burman(PB)设计法、最速上升法以及中心组合响应曲面方法对培养基组成分进行优化,获得最适培养基配方(g/L):蛋白胨13.24,酵母粉4.31,葡萄糖0.1,NaCl 25,MgSO4.7H2O 0.2,CaCl2.2H2O 0.5,KCl 0.06,K2HPO40.05,KH2PO40.05,Fe2(SO4)30.002.由最适配方发酵得到的DHQ25培养液的菌液浓度(OD600)平均可达1.984,较原先2216E培养基中培养的1.359提高了46%,杀藻效果与生长密度间存在着特定的相关性,这为今后分离杀藻活性物质提供了基础.结果表明,PB设计法与响应曲面法的结合使用能经济有效地对该杀藻细菌的高密度生长培养基成分进行优化

Optimization of High Cell Density Medium Compositions of Marine Algicidal Bacteria Vibrio sp. DHQ25

以能够有效抑制塔玛亚历山大藻生长的海洋细菌VIbrIO SP.dHQ25为对象,考察了培养基成分对其发酵生长的影响.研究中顺序利用了PlACkETT-burMAn(Pb)设计法、最速上升法以及中心组合响应曲面方法对培养基组成分进行优化,获得最适培养基配方(g/l):蛋白胨13.24,酵母粉4.31,葡萄糖0.1,nACl 25,MgSO4.7H2O 0.2,CACl2.2H2O 0.5,kCl 0.06,k2HPO40.05,kH2PO40.05,fE2(SO4)30.002.由最适配方发酵得到的dHQ25培养液的菌液浓度(Od600)平均可达1.984,较原先2216E培养基中培养的1.359提高了46%,杀藻效果与生长密度间存在着特定的相关性,这为今后分离杀藻活性物质提供了基础.结果表明,Pb设计法与响应曲面法的结合使用能经济有效地对该杀藻细菌的高密度生长培养基成分进行优化.The influence of medium compositions on the growth of marine algicidal bacteria Vibrio sp.DHQ25 was investigated.Plackett-Burman(PB) design,steepest ascent design and central composite design were orderly employed to obtain the optimized medium in this study.The chemical defined medium per liter contains(g/L):13.24 peptone,4.31 yeast extract,0.1 glucose,25 NaCl,0.2 MgSO4·7H2O,0.5 CaCl2·2H2O,0.06 KCl,0.05 K2HPO4,0.05 KH2PO4,0.002 Fe2(SO4)3.The optical cell density at 600 nm(OD600) could reach 1.984,which was increased by 46% compared with 1.359 of that in 2216E medium,the algicidal activity was related to cell density to some extent.This will be beneficial to the further study on the isolation of algicidal compound.It indicated that the combination of Plackett-Burman design with response surface metholodology could effectively optimize the high cell density medium compositions of this marine algicidal bacteria.国家自然科学基金重点项目、主任基金项目和面上项目(40930847;31070442;30940002;40876061);国家高技术研究发展计划(863)项目(2008AA09Z408);长江学者和创新团队发展计划项目(40821063);近海海洋环境科学国家重点实验室资助项

Species composition and long-term variation of macrobenthos in intertidal zone and offshore areas of the Yellow River Delta

The Yellow River Delta wetlands play a major role in protecting the biodiversity and ecological function of the Bohai Sea. To understand the species diversity and spatial-temporal dynamics of macrobenthic community in this region, five surveys were carried out in intertidal zone and offshore areas in August and November 2016, May, August and November 2017, respectively. Results showed that 187 macrobenthic species were identified in surveyed areas, of which, 119 species were found in the intertidal zone and 99 in offshore areas. Obvious variation was found in the spatio-temporal distribution pattern of species composition. Compared to historical records, individuals of certain species presented a miniaturization trend in body size. The dominant species composition also has undergone an obvious change from large-sized crustacean and mollusc species toward small-sized polychaete, bivalve and crustacean species. Possible factors responsible for these changes are complex, including a decrease of water inflow and sediment transport by the Yellow River combined with human activities (overfishing and increasing exploitation) and other factors, e.g., salinity decrease and the invasion of Spartina alterniflora happened in the Yellow River Delta

Advance in Study on Microbial Control of Harmful Algae Blooms——Exploitation and Research on Marine Algicidal Bacteria

[email protected][中文文摘]近年来,赤潮的微生物调控研究受到了科学界的高度重视,"以菌治藻"的赤潮调控理念格外引人注目.先从国内外抑/杀藻菌及其作用方式的研究进展进行论述,再结合本课题组近年来筛选获得的海洋抑/杀藻细菌,探讨该类菌质资源的发掘与利用,最后对该领域研究进行了展望。[英文文摘]The microorganism regulation on harmful alga and the new idea that controlling red- tide using bacteria have attracted much attention in recent years. T he achiev ements in the study o f algicidal bacteria and its mode of action were reviewed in this paper.The exploitation and research on the marine algicidal bacteria resource that has been acquired in our laborato ry was t hen discussed.Additio nally , we focused on the prospective outline on t he study of this field.国家高技术研究发展计划(863)项目(2008AA09Z408);国家自然科学基金重点项目、主任基金项目和面上项目(40930847,30940002,31070442,40876061);国家基金委长江学者和创新团队发展计划项目(40821063);近海海洋环境科学国家重点实验室项