The Effects of Tai Chi on Balance and Proprioceptiol in Elderly with Knee Osteoarthritis： A Randomizec Controlled Study

目的：探讨太极拳规律性锻炼对老年膝骨性关节炎患者本体感觉及平衡的影响。方法：将2014年8月至2015年10月在福建中医药大学附属康复医院骨伤康复科就诊的50例膝骨性关节炎患者随机分为太极拳组和对照组,两组各组25例。太极拳组进行规律性太极拳锻炼,对照组不进行额外健身运动。干预后比较两组的平衡及本体感觉指标。结果：太极拳组在闭眼平衡测试下,A-P方向轨迹长度及M-L方向轨迹长度明显小于对照组（p=0.0001,p=0.002）,在睁眼平衡测试下,A-P方向轨迹长度优于对照组（p=0.044）。太极拳组平均错误率指标明显小于对照组（p=0.012）。经过12星期的太极拳训练,太极拳组闭眼A-P方向轨迹长度和项目执行时间明显优于治疗前（p=0.0001,p=0.001）。结论：规律性太极拳练习可改善老年膝骨性关节炎患者的下肢本体感觉及平衡能力。Objective：The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of Tai chi exercise in older adults with knee osteoarthritis（KOA） in terms of balance and proprioeeption. Methods：A randomized single-blind control trial was conducted to test the effectiveness of Tai chi exercise in elderly with KOA. 50 elderly were recruited from Department of Orthopedic Rehabilitation in Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Subsidiary Rehabilitation Hospital between August 2014 and October 2015. Partici- pants were randomly assigned to a Tai chi group or a con- trol group by balanced randomization method. Tai chi group received regular Tai chi intervention 3 times a week for 12 weeks,and control group did not attend any additional exercise training during study period. Results：There were significant differences between the Tai chi group and control group in average trace error, anterior-posterior po- sition with open eyes, anterior-posterior position and medium-lateral position with closed eyes, p =0. 012,0. 044, 0. 0001,0. 002, respectively. Compared to baseline, there were significant changes in anterior-posterior position with closed eyes and test time execution, p =0. 0001,0. 001, separately. Conclusions：Regular Tai chi exercise had benefits for older population with KOA on improvement of proprioception of knee joint, balance stability compared with non-practicing group.福建省自然科学基金（编号：2014J01347）,项目依托于福建省康复产业研究院及福建省康复技术重点实验室

空间回归方法在慢性病研究中的应用进展

随着社会经济的发展和人们生活方式的转变,慢性病发病率不断攀升,已成为严重困扰个人、家庭和社会的焦点问题。在世界范围内,2010年估计有3450万人死于慢性病,较20年前有明显的增加[1]。目前我国慢性病患者已超过2亿人,占总人口的20%以上,其中,2012年我国18岁及以上成人高血压、糖尿病、慢性阻塞性肺病患病率分别为25.3%、9.7%、9.9%,厦门市科技计划项目(350Z20143006

用发展经济理论分析我国经济发展过程中的问题

发展经济学从兴起到80年代以前,可分为结构主义和新古典主义两个发展阶段。纵观发展经济学关于发展经济问题的论述,可以发现中国经济的发展和世界接轨的痕迹和无可避免的交互性。本文综合讨论了目前国内经济发展中的诸多问题,并从发展经济学的观点讨论了如何解决的对策,整个探讨使得经济学从宏观上更加重视人力资本投资、可持续发展和社会资本的理念和应用

Research on Effect of Waist Technique Action to Wave Breaststroke Technique

综观世界优秀蛙泳运动员的波浪式蛙泳技术,在快速游进时腰部带有小波浪起伏动作,但是很多游泳爱好者在学习波浪式蛙泳时都容易忽略腰部的技术动作。本研究运用文献资料法、观察法、专家访谈法和逻辑分析法对当今世界优秀蛙泳运动员的波浪式蛙泳技术和传统的平式蛙泳技术进行深入分析,结论表明蛙泳技术动作中腰部的技术动作是非常重要的环节,腰部技术动作在波浪式蛙泳中有减少形状阻力的作用,腰部技术动作在波浪式蛙泳中有增大推进力的作用,腰部技术动作在波浪式蛙泳中有串联各部位技术动作的衔接作用。建议游泳爱好者在学习波浪式蛙泳时,重视和加强腰部力量和柔韧性的练习,充分发挥波浪式蛙泳优于平式蛙泳的优点。Throughout world outstanding wave breaststroke technique, elite swimmer's waist is along with small wave action in process of fast moving forward, which is ignored by swimming amateur.Adopting methods of literature consultation, observation, specialist interview and logical analysis, this thesis implements indepth analysis to wave breaststroke technique of present world elite breaststroke swimmer and traditional flat breaststroke technique.Result shows waist technique is a rather important part of breaststroke technique, which reduces form resistance, increases propulsion, and plays the role of connecting technique of all parts.Suggestion: in learning wave breaststroke, swimming amateur should emphasize and strengthen waist strength and flexibility exercise, so as to make full advantage of wave breaststroke technique than flat breaststroke technique

Defects Identification for Carbonization Bamboos Based on GLCM and SVM

针对碳化竹条瑕疵种类多,位置不确定且竹纹理干扰的问题,利用图像处理技术对竹条图像进行阈值分割,图像滤波等预处理,得到特征明显的图像,从而实现其表面瑕疵特征的识别。通过计算确定灰度共生矩阵的三个构造因子,提取了图像的三个纹理特征,采用一对一淘汰策略的多类SVM（support vector machine）学习模型进行分类识别竹条的瑕疵类型。实验结果表明,该方法对于碳化竹条的黑结、虫蛀、染色、霉点、裂痕等缺陷的正确识别率达到90.6%以上。In observation of realization of the surface flaw feature recognition, the bamboo original image was pretreated by image graying, Otsu threshold and mean filtering by taking into account of the effect from defects of carbonized bamboo and location uncertainties. Influences from various building factors on GLCM （gray level co-occurrence matrix） and its parameters were invetigated, and the method for establishment ofGLCM suitable for describing bamboo surface texture was presented. A class of SVM learning model with one to one replacement strategy was employed to classify and identify the defect types of bamboo. Result shows that the method can classify the five common types of the bamboo defects which includs black node, worm-hole, dyeing, mildew and crack with an accuracy higher than 90. 6%.福建省中青年教师教育科研项目（JA15364）;厦门市科技计划项目（3502Z20151241,3502Z20153021,3502Z20161186）;福建省科技厅对外合作项目（2017I1009

无乳链球菌致儿童细菌性脑膜炎抗感染实践

目的分析药师参与的无乳链球菌致儿童细菌性脑膜炎的治疗实例,促进抗感染药物在细菌性脑膜炎的合理使用及探讨全敏感无乳链球菌抗感染治疗不佳情况下的药学思维。方法药师参与无乳链球菌致儿童细菌性脑膜炎病例治疗,对全敏感无乳链球菌抗感染治疗不佳原因进行剖析总结。结果药师对部分抗感染方案给出建议获得采纳后治疗取得进展,针对国内耐药情况对细菌性脑膜炎的经验治疗方案建议采用美罗培南联合万古霉素;对万古霉素进行血药浓度监测并在浓度指导下进行剂量调整;对病原菌明确为全敏感无乳链球菌抗感染治疗出现反复情况下提出细菌耐受可能并给予利奈唑胺联合青霉素抗感染建议。结论药师参与临床治疗有助于治疗方案改进,不生搬硬套并领会指南有助与临床沟通,药师深入了解细菌耐药特性及抗菌药物药动药效学有助于优化用药,纠正用药习惯

Facile Synthesis of 2H-Pyrroles: Combination of Gold Catalysis and Lewis Acid Catalysis

报道了利用金催化与铜催化相结合合成5-氨基-2H-吡咯的方法.首先通过均相金催化异恶唑与炔酰胺反应生成α-亚胺金卡宾中间体,再经[3+2]环加成反应合成并分离出5-氨基-3H-吡咯,然后通过铜催化的去酰基化和基团迁移反应来实现3H-吡咯向2H-吡咯的转化.该方法不但操作简单、反应条件温和、官能团兼容性良好,而且还能进行克量级放大.这项研究为合成具有重要生物活性的5-氨基-2H-吡咯化合物提供了广谱实用的合成方法.A two-step synthesis of 5-amino 2H-pyrroles using gold and copper catalysis was presented. Firstly, 5-amino 3H-pyrroles were synthesized by gold-catalyzed formal [3+2] cycloaddition between ynamides and isoxazoles via α-imino gold carbene intermediate. The following Lewis acid-triggered decarbonylation and group migration results in the formation of 5-amino 2H-pyrroles. Other notable features of this method include the simple procedure, the mild reaction conditions and compatibility with a broad range of functional groups. Thus, this protocol provides a practical and general solution for the synthesis of 5-amino 2H-pyrroles. Accordingly, isoxazole 2(2.0 equiv., 0.6 mmol) and Ph3 PAu NTf2(5 mol%) were added to a suspension of the ynamide 1(1.0 equiv., 0.3 mmol) in DCM(3.0 m L) at room temperature. The reaction mixture was then stirred at r.t. and the progress of the reaction was monitored by TLC. The reaction typically took 2 h. Upon completion, the mixture was quenched with pyridine, concentrated and purified by chromatography on silica gel, using an eluent of petroleum ether/ethyl acetate(5/1, V/V), to afford 3H-pyrrole 3. Then, 3H-pyrrole 3 and Cu(OTf)2(10 mol%) were dissolved in DCM(3 m L) and stirred at room temperature for 6 h. The residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel, using an eluent of petroleum ether/ethyl acetate(3/1, V/V), to afford the desired 2H-pyrrole 4. Under this condition, a variety of differently substituted ynamides 1 and isoxazoles 2 work well to provide the corresponding 2H-pyrroles 4a~4l in moderate to good overall yields. But N-(4-methoxybenzyl)-N-(phenylethynyl)methanesulfonamide 1a reacts with 4-(3-bromophenyl)-3,5-dimethylisoxazole 2d poorly under this condition, affording product 4h in only 33% yield. These results indicate that this method has certain universality, but the reaction is influenced by the substituents to some extent. Notably, the scalability and preparative utility of the developed methodology was exemplified by the fact that the desired product 4a was obtained without a significant loss in yield when the reaction was scaled up to 5 mmol. Also a plausible mechanism is proposed and we tend to believe that the reaction is featured by an α-imino gold carbene intermediate.国家自然科学基金(No.21272191);; 福建省杰出青年科学基金(No.2015J06003);; 国家基础科学人才培养基金(No.J1310024)资助~

小儿沙门菌感染临床特点及耐药性分析

目的探讨儿童沙门菌感染的临床特点和耐药情况,为临床诊疗提供帮助。方法收集2013～2017年经粪便培养出沙门菌阳性的163例住院患儿的临床特征、沙门菌血清型分布情况及药敏试验结果,并进行回顾性分析。结果 163例沙门菌阳性患儿中,≤1岁患儿79例(48.5%);临床表现以发热、腹泻为主,体温>39℃达121例(74.2%),腹泻超过10次/d有52例(31.9%),且合并呼吸道感染多见,共56例(34.4%);沙门菌感染好发于夏秋季,5～10月共检出131例(80.4%)。血清分型以鼠伤寒沙门菌、肠炎沙门菌为主,分别为100例(61.3%)、15例(9.2%);不同血清型沙门菌对头孢噻肟耐药率均在20%以上,对β内酰胺酶抑制剂(阿莫西林/克拉维酸、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦)敏感性较高,尚未出现对碳青霉烯类(亚胺培南)耐药株。结论≤1岁婴儿夏秋季易感染沙门菌,常见血清型为鼠伤寒沙门菌;临床表现以发热、腹泻为主,合并呼吸道感染多见;沙门菌对三代头孢菌素类的耐药率有所增加,临床治疗应根据药敏试验结果合理使用抗菌药物。厦门市青年创新创业人才项目(2015-A-03