Research on Strategies of Urban Design of Tourist Towns Basing on Humanism： Taking the Urban Design of Lulang Tourist Town of Tibet as an Example

近年来我国旅游小镇建设如火如荼,然而快速发展的背后却隐藏着发展同质化,“千镇一面”,生态环境遭到破坏,原有空间肌理和传统特色文化被忽视甚至被践踏等严重问题。现阶段的旅游小镇发展策略是不可持续的。在城市设计中,价值观的确立应属于“顶层设计”的范畴。人文主义是众多学科的固有本源和应有之义,在城市学科领域,人文主义是一种强调城镇发展应以人为本,并着重历史文脉、特色文化的保护以及可持续利用,人与自然和谐发展的价值观。文章以西藏鲁朗旅游小镇城市设计项目为例,从整体生态格局的营造、历史文脉的探寻与继承、公共开放空间系统的塑造以及促进共同参与四个层面论述了人文主义视角下的旅游小镇的可持续城市设计策略,以期为同类型城市设计提供启迪。Currently, China is facing a boom of tourist town construction. However, there exists a serious crisis behind the rapid development that most of the towns are constructed homogeneously, ecosystem, original space texture and traditional culture are ignored and destroyed. The current developing strategies of tourist towns are unsustainable. Humanism is the natural origin and granted connotation of many objects. And humanism in the field of city academia emphasizes the protecting and sustainable usage of historic context and traditional culture, and that during the developing, people＇s needs and the harmony between human and nature should be considered as a priority. This study, taking the urban design practice of Lulang tourist town of Tibet as an example, discoursed the strategies of sustainable designing of tourist town basing on the humanism perspective and specifically from the aspects of building of overall ecological pattern, exploration and pursuit of historic context, shaping of public open space system and humane care, hoping to provide inspiration for analogous urban designs

Addition of alkynes and osmium carbynes towards functionalized dπ-pπ conjugated systems

碳-碳三键和碳-金属三键是两类高度不饱和的化学键。该工作发现了这两类三键之间的全新反应模式。利用该反应能把金属和有机π共轭体系有效结合，得到一类金属d轨道参与π共轭的全新大π共轭体系。化学化工学院夏海平教授课题组碳龙化学研究取得新进展，利用金属卡拜与炔烃的新反应，成功地合成了一类金属d轨道参与π共轭的全新共轭体系并在有机太阳能电池领域得到应用。该工作是在夏海平教授和南方科技大学何凤副教授共同指导下完成的。化学化工学院2016级iChEM博士生陈仕焰和南科大博士生刘龙珠为论文的共同第一作者。该工作充分体现了多学科协同创新研究优势：相关化合物合成、表征由陈仕焰、高翔、彭丽霞、张颖等完成；光电测试由刘龙珠完成；理论计算由陈仕焰、华煜晖完成。化学化工学院杨柳林副教授、谭元植教授等对研究工作给予了大力支持。【Abstract】The metal-carbon triple bonds and carbon-carbon triple bonds are both highly unsaturated bonds. As a result, their reactions tend to afford cycloaddition intermediates or products. Herein, we report a reaction of M≡C and C≡C bonds that affords acyclic addition products. These newly discovered reactions are highly efficient, regio- and stereospecific, with good functional group tolerance, and are robust under air at room temperature. The isotope labeling NMR experiments and theoretical calculations reveal the reaction mechanism. Employing these reactions, functionalized dπ-pπ conjugated systems can be easily constructed and modified. The resulting dπ-pπ conjugated systems were found to be good electron transport layer materials in organic solar cells, with power conversion efficiency up to 16.28% based on the PM6: Y6 non-fullerene system. This work provides a facile, efficient methodology for the preparation of dπ-pπ conjugated systems for use in functional materials.This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. U1705254, 21931002, and 21975115), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis (No. 2020B121201002), Shenzhen Nobel Prize Scientists Laboratory Project (no.C17783101), and the National Key R&D Program of China (2017YFA0204902). We thank the SUSTech Core Research Facilities for the Holiba-UVISEL measurements. 研究工作得到了国家自然科学基金(U1705254、21931002、21975115)，广东省催化化学重点实验室(No. 2020B121201002)，国家重点研发计划(2017YFA0204902)，及深圳诺贝尔奖科学家实验室(C17783101)等项目资助

Expressions of Fas/DcR3 and FasL/RGD-FasL mediated apoptosis in pituitary adenoma cells

目的研究RGD-FasL诱导垂体腺瘤细胞株GH3、MMQ、AtT20所产生的细胞毒性效应,并探讨其机制。方法应用RT-PCR法和流式细胞仪检测肿瘤细胞上Fas、DcR3的表达。应用MTT测定法检测FasL、RGD-FasL对肿瘤细胞所产生的细胞毒性效应,并经琼脂糖凝胶电泳证实是否为该配体所诱导的凋亡。通过流式细胞仪PI染色法评价细胞周期的变化和凋亡分析。通过Western蛋白印迹法检测Caspase 8、Caspase 9、Caspase 3、Bcl-2、RANKL和JNK2的表达。结果垂体腺瘤细胞株GH3、MMQ、AtT20均表达Fas和DcR3。FasL和RGD-FasL诱导肿瘤细胞所产生的细胞毒性效应均呈现剂量依赖关系。细胞周期分析表明RGD-FasL能诱导细胞周期的停滞。经RGD-FasL或FasL干预的肿瘤细胞的凋亡指数差异不明显。经RGD-FasL干预后,Caspase 8、Caspase 9、Caspase 3、RANKL和JNK2的表达均增加,而Bcl-2的表达减少。结论RGD-FasL能通过Caspase途径诱导垂体腺瘤细胞的凋亡。RGD-FasL的研制很可能为垂体腺瘤的生物靶向治疗提供一种新的途径。Objective To investigate the cytotoxic effects of pituitary adenoma cell lines GH3,MMQ,AtT20 induced by RGD-FasL and the underlying mechanism.Methods Fas and DcR3 mRNAs were detected by RT-PCR and their surface expression was measured by flow cytometry.Cytotoxicity exerted by RGD-FasL on tumor cells was measured with MTT assay and the induced apoptosis was determined by agarose gel electrophoresis.The cell cycle and apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometry with PI staining.The expressions of Caspase8,Caspase9,Caspase3,Bcl-2,RANKL and JNK2 were detected by Western Blot.Results GH3,MMQ and AtT20 cells expressed Fas and DcR3.The cytotoxic effects of FasL and RGD-FasL on tumor cells were dose-dependent.The cell cycle analysis indicated that RGD-FasL could induce cell cycle stagnation.In pituitary tumor cells treated with RGD-FasL,the apoptostic index was insignificantly different from that treated with FasL.The expression of Caspase8,Caspase9,Caspase3,RANKL and JNK2 increased while that of Bcl-2 decreased after treated with RGD-FasL.Conclusion RGD-FasL induces apoptosis of pituitary adenoma cells through Caspase activation,and may be a novel therapeutical candidate for the treatment of pituitary adenomas

Divergent synthesis of N-heterocycles via controllable cyclization of azido-diynes catalyzed by copper and gold

炔烃是有机合成中一类非常重要的合成子，其原料易得、化学转化丰富，π酸活化的炔烃特别是末端炔烃可接受一系列亲核试剂的选择性进攻，从而实现CC键、CH键和CX键的高效构筑。但是，该类加成反应主要发生在末端炔烃的β位（即非末端）。究其原因，普遍认为是由炔烃的电性所决定，β位电正性更强，所以更易接受亲核试剂的进攻。叶龙武课题组致力于实现针对该类炔烃加成反应的区域选择性调控。该课题组研究发现，利用金属铜(II)可很好地催化同时连有炔基和叠氮基的杂原子取代炔烃的氧化反应，这是首例廉价金属催化的该类二炔氧化反应，同时也是首次报道的叠氮基捕获经炔烃氧化途径产生的金属卡宾。特别是，利用该方法实现了一系列多环含氮杂环分子（具有药物核心骨架）的高效构建。吕鑫教授课题组通过密度泛函理论(DFT)计算，很好地诠释了该类反应的机理，特别是明晰了反应化学选择性和区域选择性控制的根源。 该研究工作主要由叶龙武课题组2015级博士生申文波完成，博士生周波、李龙和本科生刘鑫协助完成。吕鑫教授课题组博士生孙青负责理论计算，郑南峰教授课题组博士生严娟珠协助单晶测试。【Abstract】Gold-catalyzed intermolecular alkyne oxidation by an N–O bond oxidant has proven to be a powerful method in organic synthesis during the past decade, because this approach would enable readily available alkynes as precursors in generating α-oxo gold carbenes. Among those, gold-catalyzed oxidative cyclization of dialkynes has received particular attention as this chemistry offers great potential to build structurally complex cyclic molecules. However, these alkyne oxidations have been mostly limited to noble metal catalysts, and, to our knowledge, non-noble metal-catalyzed reactions such as diyne oxidations have not been reported. Herein, we disclose a copper-catalyzed oxidative diyne cyclization, allowing the facile synthesis of a wide range of valuable pyrrolo[3,4-c]quinolin-1-ones. Interestingly, by employing the same starting materials, the gold-catalyzed cascade cyclization leads to the divergent formation of synthetically useful pyrrolo[2,3-b]indoles. Furthermore, the proposed mechanistic rationale for these cascade reactions is strongly supported by both control experiments and theoretical calculations.We are grateful for the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21572186, 21622204, and 91545105), the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province for Distinguished Young Scholars (2015J06003), the President Research Funds from Xiamen University (20720150045), XMU Training Program of Innovation and Enterpreneurship for Undergraduates (2016G10384076), and NFFTBS (J1310024). 研究工作得到国家自然科学基金委优青项目、面上项目（21622204, 21572186, 91545105），福建省杰出青年科学基金（2015J06003），厦门大学校长基金（20720150045），厦门大学大学生创新创业训练计划项目（2016G10384076）和国家基础科学人才培养基金项目（J1310024）的资助

岭南东江流域碧寿洞哺乳动物化石再研究

南岭以南（简称“岭南”）广 东 东 江 流 域 河 源 地 区 东 源 县 上 莞 镇 的 碧 寿 洞，经２００８ 年 再 次 考 察 与 发 掘，新发现哺乳动物化石１１属１１种。这是继２０００年之后又一次重要发现，现已总计达６目２１属２１种。经研究， 其属末次间冰期 ＯＩＳ５ａ大熊猫－剑齿象动物群。该动物群的组成特别是其中典型热带成员中国犀、华南巨獏、长臂 猿的存在，反映了当时的热带雨林环境。而化石层位土状堆积物的硅铝系数也在一定程度上指示了该动物群生存 时期的这种气候环境。由此表明，ＯＩＳ５ａ时东江流域及至岭南的南亚热带范围曾经发生过热带气候向北较大幅度 移动的重大环境变迁