动脉粥样硬化分子影像研究进展

急性心脑血管疾病目前位居全球死亡原因首位,其关键病理基础是动脉粥样硬化并导致急性心肌梗死、中风等。由于动脉粥样硬化病情进展隐匿突发,目前的诊断方式不足以筛查出早期高风险病变。如何在急性心脑血管事件发生前准确地识别出斑块破裂风险高的患者并对患者进行有效干预,已成为目前迫切需要解决的问题,同时这也是降低急性心血管事件发生率的关键。近年来,迅速发展的分子影像及纳米医学技术为实现动脉粥样硬化斑块早期诊疗带来了新契机。国家重点研发计划课题(2017YFA0205201);;国家自然科学基金(81422023,51273165,U1705281,U1505221);;教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划(ncet-13-0502

改良双袖套法大鼠原位肝移植500例

目的:改进大鼠肝移植的方法,缩短无肝期,提高手术成功率,总结大鼠原位肝移植经验.方法:正式实验分组:(1)预输注供者凋亡的脾细胞正常大鼠肝移植研究组(分4小组);(2)同期输注供者凋亡的脾细胞对正常大鼠肝移植研究组(分4小组);(3)术后输注供者凋亡的脾细胞正常大鼠肝移植研究组(分4小组);(4)预输注供者凋亡的脾细胞对肝硬化大鼠肝移植研究组(分4小组);(5)预输注供者凋亡的血液淋巴细胞对正常大鼠肝移植研究组(分3小组),每小组各10只大鼠.观察手术时间以及大鼠肝移植2d和1wk存活率.结果:在正式实验大鼠肝移植中,供体手术时间30±5min,供肝热缺血时间2±0.5min,袖套准备及肝脏修整时间10±2min,受体手术时间51±10min;无肝期16±4min.冷缺血时间61±5min.正式实验大鼠肝移植2d存活率96.8%(184/190),1wk存活率95.3%(181/190).结论:改进显露方法及肝上下腔静脉吻合方法后,手术简化,同时并发症减少,生存率提高

环孢素治疗中重度干眼症的对照研究

【目的】观察0．2％（2g/L）环孢素滴眼液对中重度干眼症的效果。【方法】将中重度干眼症134例随机分为对照组（65例）和实验组（69例）。对照组应用10g/L羧甲基纤维素钠，4次／d，实验组应用10g/L羧甲基纤维素钠和2g／L环孢素滴眼液，4次/d。两组均连续用药1个月。用药前后均进行荧光素染色检查、泪液分泌检查（STT）、泪膜破裂时间检测（BUT）、结膜印迹细胞检查。【结果】两组比较在治疗前差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05），治疗后实验组SIT、BUT比对照组的结果有统计学意义（P〈0．01），实验组治疗前后结果比较有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。对照组的治疗前后比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。【结论】2g/L环孢素滴眼液治疗中重度干眼确有良好的效果

HBV infection-induced liver cirrhosis development in dual-humanized mice with human bone mesenchymal stem cell transplantation

疾病动物模型是现代医学发展的基石，尤其是重大、突发传染病暴发时，适宜的疾病动物模型可为及时发现病原体、制定防控策略提供强大保障，原创的疾病动物模型已成为衡量一个国家生物医药科研水平的标志。我校夏宁邵教授团队和浙江大学附属第一医院李君教授团队历经5年的协同攻关，终于建立了国际上首个高度模拟人类乙肝病毒（HBV）自然感染诱发的慢乙肝肝硬化小鼠模型。厦门大学公共卫生学院袁伦志博士生、浙江大学医学院附属第一医院江静博士和厦门大学公共卫生学院刘旋博士生为该论文共同第一作者。厦门大学夏宁邵教授、浙江大学附属第一医院李君教授和厦门大学程通副教授为该论文共同通讯作者。【Abstract】Objective： Developing a small animal model that accurately delineates the natural history of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and immunopathophysiology is necessary to clarify the mechanisms of host-virus interactions and to identify intervention strategies for HBV-related liver diseases. This study aimed to develop an HBV-induced chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis mouse model through transplantation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs). Design： Transplantation of hBMSCs into Fah -/- Rag2 -/- IL-2Rγc -/- SCID (FRGS) mice with fulminant hepatic failure (FHF) induced by hamster-anti-mouse CD95 antibody JO2 generated a liver and immune cell dual-humanized (hBMSC-FRGS) mouse. The generated hBMSC-FRGS mice were subjected to assessments of sustained viremia, specific immune and inflammatory responses and liver pathophysiological injury to characterize the progression of chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis after HBV infection. Results： The implantation of hBMSCs rescued FHF mice, as demonstrated by robust proliferation and transdifferentiation of functional human hepatocytes and multiple immune cell lineages, including B cells, T cells, NK cells, dendritic cells (DCs) and immune cell lineages, including B cells, T cells, NK cells, dendritic cells (DCs) and viremia and specific immune and inflammatory responses and showed progression to chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis at a frequency of 55% after 54 weeks. Conclusion： This new humanized mouse model recapitulates the liver cirrhosis induced by human HBV infection, thus providing research opportunities for understanding viral immune pathophysiology and testing antiviral therapies in vivo.this work was supported by the national Science and technology Major Project (grant nos. 2017ZX10304402, 2017ZX10203201 and 2018ZX09711003-005-003), the national natural Science Foundation of china(grant nos. 81672023, 81571818 and 81771996), the Scientific research Foundation of the State Key laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics (grant no 2016ZY005), Zhejiang Province and State's Key Project of the research and Development Plan of china (grant nos 2017c01026 and 2016YFc1101304/3).该研究获得了传染病防治国家科技重大专项、新药创制国家科技重大专项和国家自然科学基金的资助

DFT Study on the Mechanism of the Direct Aldol Reactions

密度泛函方法研究羟醛缩合反应的机理中文摘要不对称合成开辟了从非手性物质人工合成手性产物的新途径，其中最有发展前途的是不对称催化法，不对称催化是近30年来有机化学领域最重要的突破之一，是开发手性药物、材料及香料等化学品的强大理论基础和学术依据。2001年度诺贝尔化学奖就授予了3位在催化手性/不对称合成领域取得原创性贡献和突破性成就的科学家。不对称羟醛缩合(Aldol)反应在不对称合成领域是一类形成碳碳键的重要反应。在催化不对称羟醛缩合(Aldol)反应中，如何选择高效催化剂，获得高产率和高ee值的产物，是不对称合成领域的难点。本文重点考察有机小分子催化羟醛缩合反应机理，包括形成的烯胺中间体与醛加...DFT Study on the Mechanism of the Direct Aldol Reactions Abstract Control of stereochemistry during direct aldol reactions has attracted considerable interest over the years as the aldol reaction is one of the most fundamental tools for the construction of new carbon–carbon bonds. The class I aldolase enzymes, however, utilize an enamine mechanism, The class II aldolase enzymes catalyze the al...学位：理学硕士院系专业：化学化工学院化学系_物理化学学号：20042508

Preparation and Characterization of High Performance Sm_(0.5)Sr_(0.5)CoO_3 Cathodes

用固相合成法合成了Sm0.5Sr0.5CoO3(SSC)中温固体氧化物燃料电池阴极材料.以La0.9Sr0.1Ga0.8Mg0.2O3为电解质,利用多种技术考察了不同温度(1 173～1 373 K)焙烧的SSC阴极,以及1 173 K焙烧、掺杂La0.8Sr0.2Ga0.8Mg0.15Co0.05O3(LSGMC5)或La0.8Sr0.2Ga0.5Mg0.09Co0.11O3(LSGMCII)高氧离子电导材料的复合SSC阴极.SEM的结果显示,随着电极焙烧温度的增加,电极的颗粒度增大,孔隙度减小;LSGMC5、LSGMCII的掺杂对电极微观结构影响不大.交流阻抗和极化实验的结果表明,SSC电极的活性随电极焙烧温度的增加而减小,电极的最佳焙烧温度在1 173 K左右;掺杂了LSGMC5或LSGMCII的复合SSC电极的活性以及稳定性显著高于SSC电极.Sm0.5Sr0.5CoO3(SSC) powders were prepared using solid-state reaction. The XRD pattern of SSC corresponded to a desired perovskite structure. SSC electrodes sintered at various temperatures (1 173-1 373 K) and SSC-La0.8Sr0.2Ga0.8Mg0.15Co0.05O3 (SSC-LSGMC5), SSC-La0.8Sr0.2Ga0.8Mg0.09Co0.11O3 (SSC-LSGMC11) composite cathodes sintered at 1 173 K were studied using SEM, impedance spectroscopy, and DC(direct current) polarization. The electrodes studied were prepared on La0.9Sr0.1Ga0.8Mg0.2O3 electrolytes using screen-printing. The particle size of SSC electrodes increased with sintering temperatures, and the porosity decreased accordingly. The addition of LSGMC5 and LSGMC11 into SSC had no obvious effect on the microstructure of SSC electrodes. The results of AC (alternative current) impedance spectroscopy and DC polarization showed that the activity of SSC electrodes increased with decreasing sintering temperature, and the optimum sintering temperature for SSC electrodes was about 1 173 K. The addition of LSGMC5 or LSGMC11 into SSC improved both the activity and stability of SSC electrodes significantly.福建省科技攻关计划重点项目(2003H046);; 留学回国人员基金资助~

Kinetics of Oxygen Reduction over Sm_(0.5)Sr_(0.5)CoO_3 Cathode

利用极化、交流阻抗技术考察了担载于La0.9Sr0.1Ga0.8Mg0.2O3(LSGM)电解质上的Sm0.5Sr0.5CoO3-La0.8Sr0.2Ga0.8Mg0.15Co0.05O3(SSC-LSGMC5)复合阴极的氧还原反应动力学.在SSC-LSGMC5阴极氧还原反应的阻抗谱中可以观察到明显的两个半圆.高频环的电导与氧分压无关,低频环的电导正比于氧分压的0.5次方.并且低频环的氧分压级数随着反应温度的降低而减小,可能对应于吸附氧原子的扩散过程.SSC-LSGMC5极化曲线与经典的Butler-Volmer方程吻合.阴、阳极的电荷转移系数均为1左右,交换电流密度的氧分压级数为1/4,对应于电荷转移过程.实验结果显示SSC-LSGMC5上的氧还原反应机制随反应条件的不同而发生变化.The kinetics of oxygen reduction over Sm0.5Sr0.5CoO3 La0.8Sr0.2Ga0.8Mg0.15Co0.05O3(SSC LSGMC5) cathode was investigated using polarization and AC(alternating current) impedance. Two arcs were observed in the impedance spectra of SSC LSGMC5 at near equilibrium conditions. The conductivities of the high frequency arcs had no dependency on oxygen partial pressures (), and showed an activation energy about (1.0～ 1.1)× 102 kJ· mol- 1. The dependency of the conductivities of the low frequency arcs decreased from 0.6 to 0.4 with the decrease in temperature 1073～ 873 K, accordingly,the activation energies increased from 1.3× 102 to 1.6× 102 kJ· mol- 1 with the increase in (2× 104～ 1× 105 Pa). The high frequency arcs could be related to the transfer of oxygen ions across the electrode/electrolyte interface, while the low frequency arcs could correspond to the diffusion of oxygen atoms from the electrode surface to the three phase boundary. The polarization curves of SSC LSGMC5 agreed well with the Butler Volmer equation. The anodic and cathodic charge transfer coefficients were all about 1 and the dependency of the exchange current density was around 0.25, suggesting a rate determining step of charge transfer. The mechanism of oxygen reduction over SSC LSGMC5 depended strongly on the over potential and reaction temperature.福建省科技攻关计划重点项目(2003H046);; 留学回国人员基金资助~

TIME FRACTIONAL DIFFUSION-REACTION EQUATION

当前,对含有非整数阶导数和积分的方程的研究正引起越来越多学者的关注,这类分数阶导数和积分将广泛应用于科学和工程的各个领域.在标准扩散方程中用α(0<α≤1)阶分数阶导数替代一阶导数,用β(0<β≤2)阶分数阶导数替代二阶导数,得到空间-时间分数阶扩散方程.近年来,许多学者研究了空间-时间分数阶扩散方程,时间分数阶扩散-波动方程,时间分数阶扩散方程,空间分数阶扩散方程,时间分数阶对流-扩散方程,以及空间分数阶对流-扩散方程.A time fractional diffusion-reaction equation is obtained from the standard diffusion-reaction equation by replaciong the first-order derivative in time by a fractional diffusion-reaction in time of order α(0 <α≥1). In the paper, time fractional diffusion-reaction problems in half-space(for initial-value problem and mixed problem)and in whole-space(for Cauchy problem)are considered, respectively.Using Mellin and Laplace transforms,and properties of the Fox functions,the complete solutions of these time fractional diffusion-reaction problems are derived and the explicit expressions of the Green function are obtained.The general solution of this time fractional diffusion-reaction equation in a bounded space domain is also derived by using finite sine transform technique.中国国家自然科学基金(10271098)

碱浓度和温度对玉米秸秆木聚糖提取率和品质的影响

由于提取率和产品品质等方面的原因,作为玉米秸秆主要成分之一的木聚糖还未能得到充分有效的利用。为改善玉米秸秆木聚糖的提取率和品质,对影响木聚糖提取的碱浓度和温度2个关键因素进行了研究。使用组分分析和凝胶渗透色谱等手段对木聚糖得率、纯度和结构进行了研究,同时分离得到纤维素和醇溶木质素。结果表明,Na OH浓度对木聚糖得率和结构的影响比温度显著,较优提取条件为：Na OH浓度为10%（w/v）,提取温度90℃,此条件下木聚糖的溶出率和回收率分别为86.37%和76.92%,木聚糖纯度为63.90%。凝胶渗透色谱结果显示,碱浓度的增加使木聚糖的分子量降低,而随温度的升高则呈先升后降的趋势。此外,提取剩余物中纤维素的含量随碱浓度和温度强度的增加而增加。研究证明组合适当的碱浓度和提取温度可以在保证品质的前提下得到较高的木聚糖提取率